• Health Policy and Management
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.118-128
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• 2023

Background: Personal socio-economic abilities are crucial as it affects health inequalities. These multidimensional inequalities across the regions have been structured and fixed. This study aimed to analyze health vulnerabilities by regional cluster and identify regional health disparities of self-rated health, using nationally representative cross-sectional data. Methods: This study used personal and regional data. Data from the Community Health Survey 2021 were analyzed. K-means cluster analysis was applied to 250 si-gun-gu using administrative regional data. The clusters were based on three areas: physical environment, health-related behaviors and biological factors, and the psychosocial environment through the conceptual framework for action on the social determinants of health. And binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the differences in self-rated health status by the regional clusters, controlling human biology, environment, lifestyle, and healthcare organization factors. Results: The most vulnerable group was group 3, the moderate vulnerable group was group 1, and the least vulnerable group was group 2. The group 2 was more likely to have high self-rated health status than the moderate vulnerable group (odds ratio [OR], 1.023; p<0.001). And the group 3 showed low self-rated health status than the moderate vulnerable group (OR, 0.775; p<0.001). However, the moderate vulnerable group had significantly higher self-rated health status than the most vulnerable group (group 2: OR, 1.023; p<0.001; group 3: OR, 0.775; p<0.001). Conclusion: These results demonstrate that community members' health status is influenced by regional determinants of health and individual levels. And these contribute to understanding the importance of specific and differentiated interventions like locally tailored support programs considering both individual and regional health determinants.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.39-50
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the factors for self-rated health by gender in South Korean adolescents. Methods: The population consisted of a nationally representative sample of adolescents(n= 37,414 boys, 37,522 girls) in middle and high school who completed the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey(KYRBWS) in 2011. Using logistic regression analysis, self-rated health was regressed on all predictors, including socioeconomic factors, behavioral and psychological factors. All analysis were conducted according to gender. Results: Girls showed more negative self rated health than boys (respectively 28.4%, 40.7%). Adolescent perceptions of health was associated with socioeconomic status, behavioral and psychological factors. Logistic regression analysis revealed that physical activity, body weight perception, despair, level of happiness and stress were the main influencing factors. Conclusions: The findings show that adolescent perceptions of their health are associated with overall sense of functioning, which are associated with health behaviors and psychological factors. Further interventions that focus on improving health behaviors and psychological health may make adolescents more healthy.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting school resilience among middle school students. Methods: The 388 survey samples were divided into high level group, middle level group and low level group in terms of the self-rated academic grades. Data were analyzed with $x^2$, ANOVA and regression analysis. Results: First, self-rated health, self-competence and school resilience were significantly different by academic grades. Second, the high and middle level group of self-rated academic grade showed the effect of self-competence(sport competence, self-worth) on school resilience. Conclusions: It was suggested to develop physical, mental and social health programs and policies were required for improvement of self-competence and the school resilience.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.35-46
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to examine the self-rated health and to find various factors affecting it for elderly women in a rural community, to provide data necessary to establish health promotion programs for elderly. The subjects of the study included a total of 245 women with above 70 years of age reside in one rural community. VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) for self-rated health, Lawton's physical & instrumental activity of daily living scales, social network were evaluated. The results of the study were as follows: 1. The self-rated health of the elderly women were measured on a 100 point(VAS) scale and the score was 53.6, indicating that women rated their health as moderate. 2. Factors such as income(p=0.008), family size(p=0.031), the level of ADL(p=0.039), urinary symptom(p=0.039), nocturia(p=0.001), visual difficulty(p=0.023), the number of chronic diseases(p=0.015), presence of arthritis or neuralgia(p=0.015), social network(p=0.002), housework assistant(p=0.008), emotional support(p=0.031) were significantly related to self-rated health. 3. Through the stepwise multiple regression, social network, family size, visual difficulty, and housework assistant were identified as significant predictors of self-rated health(p<0.05), explaining $21.0\%$ of the variance of the dependent variable. Better understanding of the determinants of healthy aging hopefully will lead to effective interventions to improve the quality of life of the elderly.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.105-115
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• 2017

Objectives : The aim of this study was to suggest the optimal cut off for best, very good, good, slightly bad, and bad grades. Methods : The subjects were recruited from 4 areas of South Korea and 487 questionnaires were analyzed. The nominal and continuous self-rated health questions were used to reveal the optimal cut off and the Short Form-12 Health Survey questionnaire (SF-12) was additionally used. Frequency, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and ROC-curve analysis were used; the significance level was <.05. Results : Subjects assigned 15(3.1%), 90(18.5%), 237(48.7%), 130(26.7%), and 15(3.1%) to best, very good, good, slightly bad and bad groups respectively. The self-rated health score was associated with total Component (r=.563, p<.001), Physical Component (r=.520, p<.001) and Mental Component of SF-12 (r=.303, p<.001). The optimal cut off was 80.5, 70.5, 53.5, and 40.5 for best, very good or more, good or more, and under slightly bad respectively and area under curve was 0.898, 0.908, 0.945, and 0.908 accordingly. Conclusions : This study suggests that the self-rated health score and grade could be integrated with the optimal cut off.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.62-70
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to identify health literacy among elderly and to investigate the relationships between healthy literacy and health status. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 158 participants between July and December 2019. The linguistic and functional health literacy (using the KHLAT and NVS) and self-rated physical and mental health were assessed. Above third of elderly have difficulties reading and understanding linguistic and functional health literacy. There were significant differences in health literacy according to residence, spouse, living together, educational level, occupation, monthly income, and number of diagnosed disease. Linguistic and functional health literacy and self-rated physical and mental health are closely related. Sociodemographic and disease related factors such as residence, educational level, monthly income, and multi-morbidity need to be considered when developing educational programs to improve health literacy. It could be possible to promote health status by improving the health literacy through individualized convergent educational program.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.175-186
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• 2019

Purposes: This study aimed to investigate the differences in the prevalence of obesity according to sex and age and self-rated health in adults with metabolic syndrome according to sex, age, and the presence or absence of metabolic syndrome. Methods: The study subjects were 5,674 adults, who completed all three components of the KNHANES VI-2. The subjects were categorized, using life transition periods, into young adults, middle-aged adults, and older adults. Research methods were selected based on the research objectives of the KNHANES VI-2. IBM SPSS 23.0 was used for complex samples cross-tabulation and a complex samples general linear model analysis. Results: Obesity was prevalent in 77.2% of young male adults, 66.2% of middle-aged male, and 52.3% of older male adults with metabolic syndrome, whereas it was prevalent in 72.4% of young female adults, 73.9% of middle-aged female adults, and 64.6% of older female adults with metabolic syndrome. Men had higher self-rated health than women. As age increased, self-rated health status decreased. Those with metabolic syndrome had lower self-rated health status than those without metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: The prevalence of obesity was found to be high in those with metabolic syndrome. This study found that based on sex, men had the highest self-rated health status, and based on age, young adults had the highest self-rated health status, whereas those with metabolic syndrome had low self-rated health status.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.300-310
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• 2016

Purpose: Few studies have considered the psychosocial work environment factors in relation to employee health. This study explored the relationship between psychosocial work characteristics and self-rated health among Korean employees. Methods: The study population of 21,476 employees was derived from the 2014 Korean Work Environment Survey (KWES). Psychosocial work environment was measured by Copenhagen psychosocial questionnaire scales. Results: Among employees at workplaces (n=21,476), 23.3% rated their health as poor. Among 12 indicators of psychosocial work environment characteristics, 'higher emotional demand', 'demands for hiding emotions', 'work-family conflict', and 'social community at work' were independently associated with risk of poor self-rated health of Korean employees after adjustment of all sociodemographics, work condition characteristics and physical work environment exposure. In addition, higher 'possibilities for development' and 'social support from supervisor' were more likely to decrease the risk of poor health. Conclusion: We suggest that psychosocial work environment is an important determinant of employees' health. The study results provide a good starting point for developing intervention and strategies for health improvement.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.515-524
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of adolescents on self-rated health and happiness, physical activity, and mental health according to time of smartphone use. The researcher used raw data from the Korea youth risk-behavior web-based survey(2017). A total of 64,991 adolescents were enrolled and 54,603 were analyzed in logistic regression analysis. The researcher set gender, self-rated health and happiness, physical activity, and mental health as independent variables and performed logistic regression analysis with smartphone overuse time as dependent variables. As a result, the female had a smartphone overuse of 1.49 to 1.67 times higher than male. Subjectively healthy people were 1.2 to 1.35 times more likely to use smartphones than those who did not(p<.001). People with higher physical activity were higher by 1.17 to 1.18 times than people without physical activity(p<.001). Subjective happiness did not predict smartphone usage(p>.05). People with subjective stress were higher 1.13 to 1.22 times than people without stress, and person with sadness and despair and suicide plan, 1.37 to 1.54 times, 1.17 to 1.24 times than those who did not(p<.001). Depression tended to become more serious as smartphone use increased. These investigation suggest that the self-rated health, physical activity, and mental health excluding self-rated happiness are related to overuse of smartphone.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.1123-1133
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• 2009

This study attempted to analyze the general and physical characteristics, the status of physical function, the type and number of current diagnosis and self-reported symptoms, healthy life mode and food preference according to self-rated health (SRH) of older adults (135 men and 270 women). It also attempted to assess the factors affecting the SRH standards in agricultural and fishery areas located in southwestern Korea. The subjects considered themselves as being 'good'(57.6%), 'normal'(29.6%) or 'poor'(12.85) SRH, meaning positive self-rating of health and it was found that the correlation between factors such as the gender, current marriage status, monthly wage, the reception of the government's livelihood subsidy and subjective economical status and the SRH were significant. Regardless of the categories of obesity, a large number of the participants rated themselves as 'healthy', but not statistically significant. The subjects who reported poor ADL and IADL capacities, indicators of the status of physical function, were significantly more classified to the 'poor' health category and vice versa (P<0.001). The reported chronic diseases in this study that have lasted more than three months, were lumbago, sciatica, arthritis, high blood pressure and peptic ulcer. The current ratios of smoking, drinking and exercise were 85.3, 39.0 and 18.6%, respectively. The less drinking and exercising there was, the higher the 'good' SRH categories obtained (P<0.05). The respondents who had less chance of eating sour and hot foods estimated their health status as being better.