• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.439-449
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• 2014

2012년 신재생에너지공급의무화제도 시행으로 국내 목재펠릿 수요가 급증하고 있으나, 현재 우리나라의 목재펠릿 자급률은 10% 수준에 머물러, 급증하는 수요를 충족하기 어려울 것으로 예상된다. 따라서 안정적인 공급과 가격이 보장될 수 있는 새로운 바이오매스의 발굴을 통하여 목재펠릿에 대한 폭발적인 수요를 대체하는 일은 우리뿐만 아니라 세계적으로 시급한 과제라 할 수 있다. 본 연구의 분석결과 고체 팜 바이오매스 중 대표적인 EFB (empty fruit bunch)와 MF (mesocarp fiber)의 2012년도 연간 발생량(함수율 10% 기준)이 말레이시아와 인도네시아에서 각각 약 2,800만톤과 2,000만 톤으로, 두 지역에서만 연간 총 4,800만 톤이 발생되는 것으로 추정된다. 연료적 특성에 있어서도 EFB의 발열량이 목재의 90% 수준을 상회하므로 목재펠릿을 대체할 수 있는 우수한 바이오매스 에너지자원이라 할 수 있다. 다만, 높은 회분함량으로 인하여 주택이나 온실의 난방용으로는 부적합하지만 발전용이나 산업용으로는 충분히 사용가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.172-178
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• 2005

Background: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is well-known soluble tumor marker frequently detectable in peripheral blood of carcinoma patients and considered as good target for antigen-specific immunotherapy. However, it is known that the induction of immune response to CEA is very difficult because CEA is a self-antigen expressed in fetal cells and weakly expressed in normal colorectal epithelial cells. To enhance anti-tumor immunity specific for CEA, recombinant CEA protein was modified using listeriolysin O (LLO) for endosomal lysis and trans activator of transcription (Tat) domain for transducing extracellular proteins into cytoplasm. Methods: After immunization using dendritic cells pulsed with Tat-CEA, both Tat-CEA and LLO, and both Tat-CEA and Tat-LLO, antibody titer to CEA and LLO, cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity and the frequency of IFN-${\gamma}$ producing T lymphocytes were measured. Results: Immunization using DC pulsed with both Tat-CEA and Tat-LLO protein showed the increasement of production of CEA-specific antibody in serum, cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity, the frequency of IFN-${\gamma}$ secreting T cells, compared with DC pulsed with both Tat-CEA and LLO. Furthermore the ratio of CD8+T cell to $CD4^+$ cell among CEA-specific T cells was increased in group pulsed with both Tat-CEA and Tat-LLO. Conclusion: These results suggested that DC vaccine using Tat-LLO could be used for the development of effective immunotherapy for the treatment of tumor.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2009년도 제33회 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.339-343
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• 2009

본 논문에서 155mm 자주포 K9에 사용되는 추진장약 K676의 포구속도 확률분포에 관하여 분석하였다. K676 추진장약의 로트별 수락시험으로 얻어진 포구속도 자료를 분석하였으며 각 시험탄의 포구속도는 기준탄의 사격결과 값으로 보정하였다. 최근까지 수행된 사격시험으로 얻어진 모든 시험값에 대하여 적합도 검정을 하였으며, 정규분포, 2모수 와이블분포 및 3모수 와이블분포 중 정규분포가 가장 적합한 확률분포임을 확인하였고 와이블분포도 충분히 활용할 만하다. 변동계수로부터 추진장약의 양산능력이 균일하게 유지되고 있음을 알 수 있다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권11호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2020

4차산업혁명의 시작은 국내 산업 전반에 다양한 변화를 가져오고 있으며, 생산 제조 및 물류 분야의 기업에 스마트 팩토리가 확산되면서, 자동화 설비를 사용하고 있다. 특히 물류 자동화 현장에서는 AGV가 널리 사용되고 있으며, 전통적인 AGV의 구동 방식인 라인 유도 방식의 사용이 대부분이다. 또한 AGV 시스템 개발자 및 시스템 운영자 및 관리자, 유지보수 인력의 수요도 증가하고 있는 추세이나, 교육을 위한 시스템의 설치에 고가의 비용이 소요되고, 넓은 공간을 필요로 하는 특성을 가지고 있어, 체계적인 교육이 어려운 상황이다. 본 논문에서는 교육생들의 원활한 실습을 위하여 가상 시뮬레이션 기반의 AGV 원격 교육 모델을 제안한다. 제안 모델은 기존 기술인 라인 유도 방식이 아닌 영상 정보를 분석하여 AGV를 구동할 수 있는 모델로 구성하였으며, 자가진단 평가 결과 기존 기자재를 활용한 통제 집단 보다 온라인 교육을 통한 실험 집단이 평균 0.65의 만족도가 상승하여, 온라인 교육 환경에서 활용할 수 있는 가능성을 확인하였다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.299-304
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 인공신경망 알고리즘을 이용하여 생물공정에서 수집된 형광스펙트럼 데이터를 분류, 분석하고 공정변수들을 예측하기 위한 공정의 모델링에 대해서 논의하였다. SOM에 의해 분류된 전파장 스펙트럼 데이터들은 발효공정의 변수와 형광데이터 사이에 비선형관계를 설명하기 위하여 사용되었다. BPNN알고리즘은 SOM에서 분류된 데이터들을 입력자료로 이용하여 공정에 대한 모델식을 세우고, 이를 이용하여 배출가스 내 $CO_2$ 농도 및 발효액 중 세포농도와 같은 공정변수들을 예측하는데 사용되었다. 또한 BPNN 모델은 강력하면서도 훈련데이터의 범위를 넘어서는 공정의 데이터들을 예측할 수 있기 때문에 폭넓은 활용가능성을 가지고 있다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제30권10호
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• pp.631-636
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• 2017

The degradation mechanism of $Mo_xW_{1-x}Si_2$ ultrahigh-temperature heating elements fabricated by self-propagating high-temperature synthesiswas investigated. The $Mo_xW_{1-x}Si_2$ specimens (with and without post-annealing) were subjected to ADTs (accelerated degradation tests) at temperatures up to $1,700^{\circ}C$ at heating rates of 3, 4, 5, 7, and $14^{\circ}C/min$. The surface loads of all the specimen heaters were increased with the increase in the target temperature. For the $Mo_xW_{1-x}Si_2$ specimens without annealing, many pores and secondary-phase particles were observed in the microstructure; the surface load increased to $23.9W/cm^2$ at $1,700^{\circ}C$, while the bending strength drastically reduced to 242 MPa. In contrast, the $Mo_xW_{1-x}Si_2$ specimens after post-annealing retained $single-Mo_xW_{1-x}Si_2$ phases and showed superior durability after the ADT. Consequently, it is thought that the formation of microcracks and coarse secondary phases during the ADT are the main causes for the degraded performance of the $Mo_xW_{1-x}Si_2$ heating elements without post-annealing.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.177-188
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• 2012

We analyzed crown development in Aucuba japonica Thunb. var. japonica resulting from the responses of phytoelements to habitat light conditions over a long period of time. Over the years, the degree of extension unit (EU) dimorphism and the degree of anisophylly were higher under shaded conditions than in brighter conditions. An overall temporally increasing pattern in the degree of EU dimorphism was found while no clear-cut trend was found in the case of anisophylly. EU length and number of leaves per EU co-varied in a spatio-temporal context. The number of terminal buds and their sizes acted as the key initiators of morphological differences of phytoelements which were further amplified following bud break. Leaf area density was displayed mostly in the apex peripheral layer of the crown and the apex layer received most of the incident light. There was a tradeoff between annual leaf production and mean leaf size. Depending on the heterogeneity of irradiance level within a crown, correlative growth inhibition caused higher EU mortality at brighter sites. Due to high mortality, shorter EUs had a mere role in the construction of structural framework of the crown except for the formation of some gaps. There was a strong convergence of EU dimorphism, anisophylly, EU extension growth and variations in leaf size towards formation of functional crown to reduce potential self-shading. Depending on the irradiance level, Aucuba japonica Thunb. var. japonica showed two different modes of crown expansion. At the brighter sites, individual crown expansion was progressive while at the darker sites, individual crown expanded in a diminishing manner and maintained a stable size. A plant's "growth diminishing phase" appeared earlier at shaded sites than brighter sites.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.179-199
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was conducted to prepare the fundamental data on oral hygiene of the elderly and to assess the behavior of oral hygiene, subjective oral health, oral health problem among the elderly, and to contribute to successful enhancement of life in their declining years. Methods: The author surveyed the behavior of oral hygiene, subjective oral health, oral health problem to 192 elderly at a health center of Busan using structured self- administered questionnaire from Nov. 2nd 2009 to Feb. 10th 2010. Collected data were analysed by SPSS WIN 18.0 statistical program for frequency, percentage production, ${\chi}^2$ (Chi-square) verification, t-test, One-way ANOVA, Logistic Regression. Results: The distribution of total subjects by oral health behaviors were 56.8% for "have ever trained how to tooth brushing", 76.6% for "correctly performed tooth brushing by himself ", 71.8% for "tooth brushing a day is two times and less", 87.5% for "it doesn't tooth brushing in meals and after" and 53.6% for "it doesn't use the facility for oral health", respectively. The distribution of total subjects by the state of perceived oral health were 51.0% for "feel the oral discomfort", 51.6% for "feel the comfortable chewing on starchy food", respectively. The mean point of perceived oral health by general characteristics of total subjects were statistically significant difference in sex, type of medical insurance, smoke, exercise, and chronic disease. The mean point of perceived oral health by oral health behaviors of total subjects were statistically significant difference in educational experience on tooth brushing, recognition for tooth brushing by himself, tooth brushing a day, and tongue cleaning. The risk factors of perceived oral health were type of medical insurance and chronic disease in general characteristics, tooth brushing in meals and after and tooth brushing a day, and tongue cleaning in oral health behaviors. Conclusion: The author recommend to the prevention of chronic disease, carry out the tooth brushing in meals and after, three times and over tooth brushing a day and tongue cleaning for oral health. and the author consider that it need to prepare the active countermeasure to oral health such as reeducation for oral health and supply to the tongue cleaner.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.119-128
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• 2014

Purpose: This study has been carried out to help to enhance the measures of interprofessional collaboration between Dental personnel and dental technicians, and between dental technicians themselves through the analysis of recognition of interprofessional collaboration between dental technicians. Methods: The subjects in this study were 130 dental technicians who were self-written questionnaire. The results were analyzed by SPSS 12.0. The collected data was analyzed by frequency and Correlation. Results: As a result of examining the correlation analysis of each question to explore the factors that affect interprofessional collaboration recognition of dental technicians, the group which received criticism from dental personnel showed negative (-) correlation in the interprofessional collaboration recognition (p<0.05). The following groups showed positive (+) correlations in the recognition of interprofessional collaboration : the group who replied that they can utilize information on the patients associated with the prosthesis production (p<0.01); the group who thinks that they are sharing common goals (P<0.01); and the group who replied that Dental personnel are familiar with patients (p<0.01). The following groups also showed higher positive (+) correlations in the recognition of interprofessional collaboration : the group who replied that they frequently discuss patient's information with Dental personnel (p<0.01); the group who thinks they have mutual confidence in one another (p<0.01); the group who thinks that cooperation among their colleagues in dental technique laboratories are being done well (p<0.01); and the group that has high job satisfaction (p<0.01). Conclusion: Effective communication and team work between human resources for providing medical service of the facility are essential for safe and high-quality medical service to patients. Further, such elements are directly connected to efficiency of the entire team. The reliability between dental technician and Dental personnel for cooperation should not be neglected therefore continuous interests in inter-cooperative partnership is required.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.165-180
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• 1994

The change in the police concerning food and dietary life were analyzed in order to provide bases of establishing policy of food and dietary life properly. The last half one century was divided into six periods as follows ; The period since liberlation from Japanese rule(1945-1949) the 1950's (1950-1959) 1960's (1960-1969) 1970's (1970-1979) 1980's (1980-1989) 1990's (1990-1992). Dietary life by 1960's were a life of distress and policies coducted by government took on an relief supply of food at this period. Movement about 'intake of mixed rice with barley and foods from flour' to supress rice consumption were encouraged by government. And Korean recommended dietary allowance was made and the national nutritional survey was practived in the first place by the Ministry of Health and Social Affairs. Dietary life of the country begin to improve sharply along with rice self-sufficiency since 1975 With the growth of food and eating out industry intake of instant food processed food and fast food has increased at the 1980's To ministry of Health and Social Affairs drove campaign of 'Joo-Moon Sik Dahn Je' for dietary life improvement at 1981 The Ministry of Education made and announced a 'School Feeding Law' at 1981 The government that is the Office of Permier and the Ministry of Health and Social Affairs developed compaign for improvement of dietary life and drove 'Jo Eun Sik Dahan Je' with Association of restaurant jointly. Policy on food and dietary life conducted by government up to data were planned mainly dependent on food production supply and demand of food. Infectious diseases continue to decrease with increasing of degenerative diseases which will be required proper management of dietary life. In the future more aggressive intergrated food policy are needed to maintain the public health. Aoso dietary improvement movement should be drived actively.