• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.147-155
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• 2022

Purpose: The goal of this study was to see how flipped learning affected nursing students in South Korea who were enrolled in a quit smoking intervention education program. The flipped learning-based quit smoking intervention education program was developed to help nursing students implement the intervention. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted using a pretest-posttest design. A total of 52 nursing students, divided into experimental and control groups of 26 each, participated between November and December 2021. The experimental group was instructed in the flipped learning-based quit smoking intervention education program over six sessions. In accordance with flipped learning, each session was composed of pre-class, in-class, and post-class sections. Results: Compared to the control group, the experimental group showed improved beliefs about the health benefits of quitting smoking, as well as positive attitudes and self-efficacy from the quit smoking intervention. The experimental group experienced the greatest increase in student-centered activities and student participation through flipped learning. Conclusion: These results indicate that the flipped learning method was effective in quit smoking intervention education for nursing students. Therefore, it is worthwhile to consider that a quit smoking intervention education program based on flipped learning be included in the regular nursing curriculum.

• Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.17-23
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• 2021

[Purpose] This study aimed to investigate the effect of education based on the health belief model on the physical activity of the staff of the University of Medical Sciences. [Methods] This semi-experimental study was conducted on 130 university staff aged 25-50 years from the Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. Inclusion criteria were having at least 1 year of work experience, lack of acute and chronic physical and mental illnesses, and not using drugs that affect physical activity. The samples were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group received three training sessions based on the health belief model. Before and 2 months after training, the control and experimental groups were evaluated via the following questionnaires: (1) demographic information questionnaire, (2) Health Belief Model Questionnaire, and (3) International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Finally, data were analyzed statistically. [Results] The training process resulted in a significant increase in the mean scores of the health belief model constructs in the experimental group, but changes in the control group were not significant. Self-efficacy was the strongest predictor of physical activity. [Conclusion] The health belief model is a useful model for improving individuals' understanding of the benefits of physical activity.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.167-176
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the level of body perception, obesity, and factors associated with stages of exercise and dietary habits change in university students. Methods: A descriptive design was used. Data were collected from 279 university students using structured questionnaires. Results: The body perception was significantly associated with self rated health (F=27.89. p<.001), weight satisfaction (F=137.74. p<.001) and weight control interest (F=39.19. p<.001). The BMI was significantly associated with weight satisfaction (F=34.08. p<.001) and weight control interest (F=19.59. p=.003). But the body perception and BMI were not significantly associated with depression (F=2.17, p=.073, F=0.86. p=.462), the change of exercise (F=25.91. p=.055, F=20.34. p=.061), and dietary habits (F=12.96. p=.677, F=11.29. p=.505). The related factors affecting the change of exercise behavior were counter conditioning, self efficacy, eating behavior, and helping relationship, including 30.4% R-square. The related factor affecting the change of dietary habit was only eating behavior, including 20.0% R-square. Conclusion: This study can provide useful information to develop effective programs for the change of exercise and dietary habits considering university students' stages of change according to the transtheoretical model.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.550-561
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the effects of utilizing Smartphone Application Peer Support (SAPS) on health behavior and body mass index (BMI) among overweight or obese breast cancer survivors (BCS). Methods: A nonequivalent control group with a non-synchronized design was utilized and 36 participants (experimental group 14, control group 22) were recruited from August 2017 to September 2018. Participants were 40~65 years old, overweight or obese, had completed primary cancer treatment within the 12 months prior to the study, and had not done regular exercise during the last 6 months. The 3-month SAPS consisted of exercise and diet education (once p/2 weeks), peer support (once p/week), and self-monitoring using smartphone applications (5 times p/week). All participants underwent assessments at baseline, right after SAPS, and at 3 months after SAPS. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Results: At the completion of SAPS significant differences were found between groups in motivation for exercise (t=-3.24, p=.005), physical activity (t=-4.15, p<.001), total calorie intake (t=3.42, p=.002), calories from fat (t=-3.01, p=.005), intake of vegetables (t=-2.83, p=.008), and BMI (t=5.21, p<.001). Significant differences in BMI (t=4.13, p<.001) remained up to 3 months after SAPS completion. No significant differences was shown between groups in self-efficacy for exercise, either immediately after or 3 months after SAPS. Conclusion: The SAPS has the potential to improve motivation for exercise, health behavior, and BMI of BCS. However, special efforts are required to encourage participants to complete the intervention and maintain long-term effects for future trials.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.101-118
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• 2014

In the mid-2000s, Web 2.0 appears and is becoming a general cultural code with the keyword of participation, sharing, and openness. Web 2.0, in which consumption is being transformed by the participatory web culture, has evolved. However, associated with the evolution of Web 2.0, several significant concerns appears in a society. Among them, this study will focuses on the cyber-ethics issues. There are limitations to solve the cyber-ethics problems only in the technical and legal approaches. Therefore, the current article intends to consider comprehensively the antecedents of cyber-ethics such as individual characteristics, social influence, and cultural characteristics. Specifically, (1) Do individual characteristics(i.e., self-efficacy, locus of control) affect cyber-ethics in the Web 2.0 environment?, (2) Do social influence(i.e., subjective norm) have an effect on cyber-ethics?, (3) Do cyber -ethics have an impact on user participation in the Web 2.0 services(i.e., retrieval and creation)?, finally (4) Do international cultural difference have a moderation effect on the relationship between cyber-ethics and user participation? For testing empirically the hypothesized research model, this study collected questionnaires in South Korea as well as U.S.A. The results showed that individual characteristics and social influence affect cyber-ethics toward user's creative activities in Web 2.0 sites.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.35-48
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• 2016

Individual characteristics and entrepreneurship are important factors to determine entrepreneurial intentions. Despite this, little attention has been given to external factors, which effects to venture start-up decision. This study examines the relationship between individual characteristics and entrepreneurship by moderating effect of Hofstede's cultures dimensions theory. For this, 244 copies of the questionnaire were empirically analyzed. According to the results of analysis, internal locus of control, self-efficacy were found to have positive effects on autonomy, innovativeness, pro-activeness. In addition, uncertainty avoidance of Hofstede's cultures dimensions theory were found the moderating effects on entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial intentions. Therefore, this study suggests theoretical and practical implications, as below, according to the results. Firstly, pro-activeness take a important part on venture start-up. Thus, venture start-up institution and venture managers need to develop "venture education curriculum" that fostering the pro-activeness mind of entrepreneur. Secondly, In order to anticipate entrepreneurial intentions more precisely, analyzing the interaction between environmental variables and individual variables is desirable. Lastly, in the future study of entrepreneurship, the comprehensive analysis of correlation between the factors that including three factors of entrepreneurship is need to be conducted and more effective way of readdressing the entrepreneurship is necessary.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.495-509
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• 2016

In this study, 60 seniors aged at least 65 years who attended C Senior College in Daegu were selected and randomly allocated to test and control groups of 30 subjects each. The Clean Diet Program was only applied to the test group, and the differences in self-efficacy, depression, health behavior, subjective perception of health, wellness, and physiological indices (blood pressure, blood glucose levels, hyperlipidemia, and BMI) between the test and control groups were compared. The results show a significant difference in the test group exhibiting improved or mitigated self-efficacy (t=6.003, p<.001), depression (t=4.038, p<.001), health behavior (t=6.196, p<.001), subjective perception of health (t=6.624, p<.001), and wellness (t=7.069, p<.001). Among the physiological indices, there was a significant decrease in BMI (t=5.974, p<.001). The results demonstrate the mediation effects of the Clean Diet Program. Since the Clean Diet Program can be implemented through walking, simple exercises, and eating habits, it provides great economic efficiency and usefulness and provides a very reasonable intervention program for the elderly. Based on the results, we discuss how to improve the elderly's attitude toward health promotion and their quality of life.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.76 no.4
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• pp.163-168
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• 2014

Background: Mycobacterial identification in active pulmonary tuberculosis (APTB) is confirmative, even though successful rates using self-expectorated sputum are limited. Sputum specimens collected by hypertonic saline nebulization showed higher bacteriologic diagnostic sensitivities over those of self-expectoration, mostly studied in smear-negative or sputum-scarce patients. The efficacy of induced sputum was rarely assessed in real clinical settings. Methods: A prospective randomized case-control study was performed in one hospital. The subjects highly suspicious of APTB were asked to provide 3 pairs of sputum specimens in 3 consecutive days. The first pairs of the specimens were obtained either by self-expectoration (ES) from the next day of the visit or sputum induction with 7% saline nebulization in clinic (SI), and the other specimens were collected in the same way. The samples were tested in microscopy, culture, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The outcomes of the bacteriological diagnosis were compared. Results: Seventy six patients were assigned to either ES (38 subjects, median age of 51, 65.8% male) or SI (38 subjects, median age of 55, 52.6% male). APTB was clinically confirmed in 51 patients (70.8%), 27 in ES and 24 in SI. Among the APTB, more adequate specimens were collected from SI (41/65, 63.1%) than ES (34/80, 42.5%) (p=0.01). Bacteriological confirmation was achieved in 14 (58.3%) patients in SI, and 13 (48.1%) in ES (p=0.46). In the same-day bacteriological diagnosis with microscopy and PCR, there were positive results for 9 patients (37.5%) in SI and 7 patients (25.9%) in ES (p=0.37). Conclusion: Sputum induction improves sputum specimen adequacy. It may be useful for the same-day bacteriological diagnosis with microscopic examination and PCR.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.43-50
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• 2016

This study quantitatively measured the impact of blended learning with smart devices for learning satisfaction. It is targeted in specialized domestic company with IT Service which build smart learning systems and utilize for employee training. Specifically, it empirically analyzed that learning attitude(Self-efficacy, Self-innovativeness, Perceived usefulness, Perceived ease of use) with smart devices affect acceptance of smart learning and offline face-to-face learning satisfaction. As a result, the learning attitude of the smart learning gave a positive effect on the acceptance of the smart learning and then acceptance of the smart learning gave a positive effect on offline face-to-face learning satisfaction. Additionally learning the attitude of the smart learning even gave a positive impact, as well as the acceptance of smart learning experience in offline training. It imply that this variables of smart-learning attitude affect the self-directed learning and positive learning experience.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.15-30
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• 1999

For the purpose of turning learners' locus of control into internal-controllable variables, counseling materials were developed, and attribution counseling was given. The counseling effects were practically confirmed by way of teaching and evaluation in the actual classes, and furthermore the efforts to provide learners with successful experiences in learning were repeatedly made. As a result, the conclusions are as follows: 1. The procedure of Individual counseling for learning attribution based on individual standard grades and data of the variable order of merit apparently shows learners that if learners are to try their best in learning, they will surely go far in terms of learning in the near future. 2. The procedure of Individual counseling for teaming attribution based on achievement distribution in individual behavior-oriented fields suggests to learners that how to learn is as important as how much effort they make. Surely enough, learners are required to make more effective and efficient efforts, considering their own learning abilities. 3. With the above 1, 2 procedures involved, learners have attributed locus of causality in achievement to their internal-controllable causes. 4. With preparatory assignments according to learner's abilities provided, even slower learners came to be assured that their constant efforts could give rise to success in learning achievement. 5. Above all, it was confirmed that the learners' struggling attitude might well have a significant correlation with achievement success. The learners who are willing to attribute locus of causality in achievement to their internal-controllable causes or strenuous efforts and intrinsic motivation tend to be convinced that they can address themselves to whatever faces them, so they can set up specific learning goals fit for their abilities. Accordingly, they will bit by bit acquire successful experiences (often called 'Aha' experiences) and in turn, feeling the senses of self-efficacy and self-esteem enough to push their efforts even further, they can grow to form a positive self-concept. With one successful experience after another fed back into learners, they are gradually motivated to bring the oncoming achievement expectation to a higher level. To conclude, it is necessary that instruction leading to internal-controllable attribution should be provided, inducing learners to recognize success and failure in learning achievement as a result of their strenuous efforts.