• Title/Summary/Keyword: Seed characteristic

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Varietal and qualitative characteristics variation of rutin and quercetin in tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum)

  • Yu, Je Hyeok;Kwon, Soo Jeong;Cho, Seong-Woo;So, Yoon-Sup;Jung, Hyun-Jin;Chung, Jong-Wook;Ma, Kyung-Ho;Son, Eun-Ho;Lee, Sok-Young;Woo, Sun-Hee
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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    • 2017.06a
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    • pp.76-76
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    • 2017
  • Buckwheat has gained scientists concern due to its nutritional and medicinal values in recent years, and many important bioactive compounds. The present study was performed to investigate the influence of the varietal performance and environmental conditions on the content of rutin and quercetin in Tartary buckwheat germplasm. A total of 44 foreign Tartary buckwheat germplasms were examined and compared their contents based on the collected countries, seed shape, and seed color. The highest number of germplasm (16) was found in ranged from 600 mg/100 g to 800 mg/100 g of rutin content. In case of quercetin content, the highest number of germplasm (19) was observed in ranged from 5 mg/100 g to 10 mg/100 g. However, the rutin content showed the highest value (1326.6 mg/100 g) from CBU408 and quercetin content showed the highest value (22.5 mg/100 g) from CBU456. The number of germplasm showed the highest value (23) in ranged from 3000 mg/100 g to 4000 mg/100 g of rutin content. The number of germplasm is the highest value (30) in ranged from 100 mg/100 g to 200 mg/100 g of quercetin content. When rutin and quercetin content in seed was compared according to collected countries, seed shape, and seed color respectively, no association was appeared with rutin and quercetin content. In sprout of whole Tartary buckwheat germplasm, mean of rutin content and quercetin content was 3362.9 mg/100 g and 14.2 mg/100 g respectively. In conclusion, the results observed from the present study suggest that highly rutin germplasm could be used more efficiently via breeding to develop a highly rutin content variety for using in sprout. No correlation was appeared in the case of quercetin. However, the quercetin content in sprout was 4~90 times more than seed. So, sprout could be used more efficiently than seed in the case of quercetin. Our results suggest that the varietal variation and qualitative characteristic differences of rutin and bioactive compounds may provide important nutrient sources and industrial application of Tartary buckwheat.

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Germination Characteristics and Maturity by Production Time of Chamaecrista nomame, Lespedeza cuneata and Lespedeza bicolor Seed in Fabaceae Plant (콩과식물 차풀, 비수리, 싸리 종자의 채종시기별 성숙도 및 발아특성)

  • Kang, Hee-Kyoung;Yi, Ja-Yeon;Song, Hong-Seon
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.359-364
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    • 2014
  • This text was experimented and investigated the optimum production time and germination characteristic of Fabaceae plant seed that collect in Korean Chungnam. Optimum time of seed production was early-mid October of Chamaecrista nomame, early November of Lespedeza cuneata and early-mid November of Lespedeza bicolor. Epiphytic amount of seed full ripe was the most times in early October of Chamaecrista nomame, early November of Lespedeza cuneata and Lespedeza bicolor, respectively. Seed rate of maturity was the highest times in early November of Chamaecrista nomame, mid November of Lespedeza cuneata and Lespedeza bicolor, respectively. Germination rate by seed collection time was the highest times in early October of Chamaecrista nomame (99.8%), mid November of Lespedeza cuneata (68.3%) and early November of Lespedeza bicolor (24.3%). Germination days by seed production time was the shortest times in mid October of Chamaecrista nomame, mid November of Lespedeza cuneata and Lespedeza bicolor, respectively. Optimum temperature of germination was $15{\sim}35^{\circ}C$ in Chamaecrista nomame, $25{\sim}30^{\circ}C$ in Lespedeza cuneata, and Lespedeza bicolor was difficult judgment of germination optimum temperature because of low germinating rate.

Variation of Seed Characteristic, Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition in Sunflower Germplasm (해바라기 유전자원의 종실특성과 지방함량 및 지방산조성 변이)

  • Lee, Yun-Ho;Song, Hang-Lin;Piao, Xiang-Min;Park, Kyeong-Ho;Nam, Sang-Young;Kim, In-Jae;Choi, Sung-Yeol;Jang, Young-Seok;Kim, Hong-Sig
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.55 no.3
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    • pp.245-252
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    • 2010
  • The objective of this study was to obtain the basic informations on variability of germplasm and cultivation practice for the production of biodiesel in sunflower. A total of 275 accessions obtained from the National Agrobiodiversity Center (34 landraces from Korea, 219 and 22 introductions from America and other countries, respectively) were screened to evaluate variations of seed characteristics, oil content and fatty acid composition. Seed types were classified into 4 types (broad ovoid, narrow ovoid, rounded and elongated). The broad ovoid type was the highest proportion of 40.4%, while the elongated type was the lowest proportion of 5.0% among accessions. Also, the seed colors were classified into 4 colors (gray, brown, black and white). Gray and brown seed color showed the highest distribution and white seed color showed the lowest among accessions, respectively. Hundred and one liter seed weight ranged 2.9~15.5g and 178~439g with averages of 6.3g and 322.0g, respectively. Oil content ranged from 11.7% to 45.6% with an average of 25.5%. The frequency distribution of oil content showed the highest in range of 22~28% and the lowest in range of over 40%. Three promising accessions with higher oil content than 40.0% were IT031967, IT031970 and IT031965 introduced from America. Palmitic and stearic acid contents, saturated fatty acid, ranged 3.1~7.6% and 1.3~4.1% with averages of 4.7% and 2.2%, respectively, and a total content of saturated fatty acid ranged 5.4~9.4% with an average of 6.9%. Oleic and linoleic acid contents, unsaturated fatty acid, ranged 18.1~75.7% and 18.1~74.1% with averages of 55.2% and 38.0%, respectively. Five accessions, IT031831, IT031669, IT031895, IT031938 and IT031694, showed higher oleic acid content than 70%. A total content of unsaturated fatty acid ranged 89.6~94.8% with an average of 93.0%.

한국산과 일본산 더덕 ( Codonopsis lanceolata ) 의 종자 발아 특성에 관한 비교 연구 ( Germinability of Codonopsis lanceolata Benth. et Hook. fil. of Korea and Japan )

  • 김학현
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.1-10
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    • 1992
  • Germination characteristic between Korean species and Japanese one were identified. Seed waslow temperture germinability. Optimum temperature of germination:on was 16$^{\circ}C$ -19$^{\circ}C$. Germinationrate was effected more when treated with GA3 of 1000ppm at shade and light place. Germinationrate was no significant difference between Korean species and japanese one. e.

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Flora of Offshore Islands in Shandong Province, China

  • Li, Ming;Wang, Qing;Zong, Meijuan;Wang, Renqing
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.57-60
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    • 2004
  • There are 474 species of native vascular plant distributed in offshore islands in Shandong Province, which belong to 262 genera and 82 families. The distribution types of genera of seed plant were classified into 15 types. Temperate characteristic is dominant in the flora of offshore islands and tropical characteristic ranks secondary. Therefore, some islands play the role of stepping islands. Furthermore, 98.85% of the total genera are monotypic or bitypic which shows the offshore habitat heterogeneity in Shandong Province.

Quality Characteristics of Brown Rice Dasik added with Chia Seed according to Different Types of Sweetener (감미료의 종류를 달리한 치아씨 첨가 현미다식의 품질 특성)

  • Kim, Ja-Kyung;Yoo, Seung-Seok
    • Culinary science and hospitality research
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.95-103
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    • 2017
  • The present study was performed to develop healthier sweeteners for brown rice Dasik with chia seed powder. The quality features and sensory evaluation were tested for brown rice Dasik with chia seed powder added with five different sweeteners and the results are as follows. The Dasik (DS) with isomalto-oligosaccharide and starch syrup received the highest scores on moisture content tests. The results from hardness tests identified the DS with agave syrup as the hardest, and the results from the adhesiveness test verified that the DS with agave syrup as well as the DS with starch syrup produce the most adhesive DS. The results of the springiness test show that the DS with starch syrup has higher springiness than other sweetners. The highest score for the chewiness and cohesiveness tests was the DS with starch syrup, while the DS with isomalto-oligosaccharide received the highest score on the gumminess test. The results of the chromaticity measurement test found that the DS with starch syrup showed the highest score of 'L' and the lowest score with fructo-oligosaccharide. In addition, the highest score of 'a' was DS with isomalto-oligosaccharide and the lowest score of 'b' was the DS with starch syrup. The results of sugar content displayed that the DS with starch syrup was the highest and the DS with fructo-oligosaccharide was the lowest score. The results of sensory evaluation verified that color did not influence evaluators' preference investigation. The results of sweet flavor test found that the DS with honey and the DS with agave syrup had the most preferred by participants, but there was no statistically significant difference among all five different sweeteners from the sweet taste test. Furthermore, the DS with agave syrup received the highest score while the DS with agave syrup scored the lowest from the hardness preference test. General preference evaluation identified the highest score with the addition of fructo-oligosaccharide and the lowest score with the addition of isomalto-oligosaccharide. Thus, the findings of the present study provide the meaningful results to demonstrate the DS with fructo-oligosaccharide is the most suitable sweetener to manufacture brown rice DS added by chia seed powder, and this result will help marketers with creating meaningful strategies and with developing similar products using chia seed powder.

Determination of Seedling Sensitivity and Selection of Morphological Mutants by Treatments of Gamma-Ray and EMS in Rapeseed and Leaf Mustard (감마선 및 EMS처리에 의한 유채(Brassica napus L.)와 갓(Brassica juncea L.)의 유묘 감수성 평가 및 형태적 변이체 선발)

  • Kang, Eun-Seon;Kim, Jun-Su;Eun, Jong-Seon
    • Journal of Radiation Industry
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.111-121
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    • 2014
  • This study was aimed to select useful mutants of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and leaf mustard (Brassica juncea L.), the seeds of three lines S-14, S-27, and S-28 were treated with gamma-ray and EMS. The optimum ranges of gamma-ray dose and EMS concentration to enlarge the characteristic morphological variations were also separately investigated. The survival rates of S-28 only linearly decreased with increasing the gamma-ray dose. The overall growth parameters decreased of gamma-ray dose in all three lines of S-14, S-27, and S-28. The reduction dosage 50 of gamma-ray was identified as 1,200 Gy for S-14 leaf mustard, while those of S-27 and S-28 rapeseed lines were appeared as same 1,000 Gy. The emergence rates of S-14 and S-27 showed no significant differences by EMS treatment, while the growth of all three lines were significantly decreased. The reduction concentration 50 in S-14 could not be determined, demonstrating that this leaf mustard line is presumably insensitive to mutagenic EMS, while those in S-27 and S-28 were identified as 3.0 and 2.5%, respectively, showing that these rapeseed lines possess higher sensitivity to EMS than S-14. Various morphological characteristics of $M_1$ generation obtained from mutagen treatment were elaborately investigated for further maintenance of $M_2$ generation. In $M_2$ generation variants showing short stem, yellow color in seed coat, chlorophyll deficiencies in leaf or pod, abnormal flower color were selected as potentially useful mutants for breeding.

A Study on primitive polynomial in stream cipher (스트림암호에서 원시다항식에 대한 고찰)

  • Yang, Jeong-mo
    • Convergence Security Journal
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.27-33
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    • 2018
  • Stream cipher is an one-time-pad type encryption algorithm that encrypt plaintext using simple operation such as XOR with random stream of bits (or characters) as symmetric key and its security depends on the randomness of used stream. Therefore we can design more secure stream cipher algorithm by using mathematical analysis of the stream such as period, linear complexity, non-linearity, correlation-immunity, etc. The key stream in stream cipher is generated in linear feedback shift register(LFSR) having characteristic polynomial. The primitive polynomial is the characteristic polynomial which has the best security property. It is used widely not only in stream cipher but also in SEED, a block cipher using 8-degree primitive polynomial, and in Chor-Rivest(CR) cipher, a public-key cryptosystem using 24-degree primitive polynomial. In this paper we present the concept and various properties of primitive polynomials in Galois field and prove the theorem finding the number of irreducible polynomials and primitive polynomials over $F_p$ when p is larger than 2. This kind of research can be the foundation of finding primitive polynomials of higher security and developing new cipher algorithms using them.

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A Study on The Mutually Authentication Mechanism for The Safe Electronic Signature (안전한 전자서명을 위한 상호인증 메커니즘에 관한 연구)

  • Choi, Sang-Wook;Chae, Cheol-Joo;Lee, Jae-Kwang
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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    • 2008.10a
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    • pp.772-775
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    • 2008
  • As the wireless communication technology developed, the Electric Commerce using a mobile was activated. WPKI was developed in order to guarantee the stability of the Electric Commerce but it is difficult to be ensured for the safe PKI service which is the same at the wire communication in the technical because of restriction of the mobile terminal. In this paper, we propose the authentication system for the electronic financial service which is safe and is effective in consideration of the restrictive characteristic of the mobile terminal. Moreover, the encryption algorithm for the safe electronic signature is proposed. In WPKI, this makes the cross certification of each certificate authority possible. Moreover, a stability was enhanced through the signature authentication using KCDSA and SEED algorithm.

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Studies on the Biochemical Features of Soybean Seeds for Higher Protein Variety -With Emphasis on Accumulation during Maturation and Electrophoretic Patterns of Proteins- (고단백 대두 품종 육성을 위한 종실의 생화학적 특성에 관한 연구 -단백질의 축적과 전기영동 유형을 중심으로)

  • Jong-Suk Lee
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.135-166
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    • 1977
  • Some biochemical features of varietal variation in seed protein and their implications for soybean breeding for high protein were pursued employing 86 soybean varieties of Korea, Japan, and the U.S.A. origins. Also, studied comparatively was the temporal pattern of protein components accumulation during seed development characteristic to the high protein variety. Seed protein content of the 86 soybean varieties varied 34.4 to 50.6%. Non-existence of variety having high content of both protein and oil, or high protein content with average oil content as well as high negative correlation between the content of protein and oil (r=-0.73$^{**}$) indicate strongly a great difficulty to breed high protein variety while conserving oil content. The total content of essential amino acids varied 32.82 to 36.63% and the total content of sulfur-containing amino acids varied 2.09 to 2.73% as tested for 12 varieties differing protein content from 40.0 to 50.6%. The content of methionine was positively correlated with the content of glutamic acid, which was the major amino acid (18.5%) in seed protein of soybean. In particular, the varieties Bongeui and Saikai #20 had high protein content as well as high content of sulfur-containing amino acids. The content of lysine was negatively correlated with that of isoleucine, but positively correlated with protein content. The content of alanine, valine or leucine was correlated positively with oil content. The seed protein of soybean was built with 12 to 16 components depending on variety as revealed on disc acrylamide gel electrophoresis. The 86 varieties were classified into 11 groups of characteristic electrophoretic pattern. The protein component of Rm=0.14(b) showed the greatest varietal variation among the components in their relative contents, and negative correlation with the content of the other components, while the protein component of Rm=0.06(a) had a significant, positive correlation with protein content. There was sequential phases of rapid decrease, slow increase and stay in the protein content during seed development. Shorter period and lower rate of decrease followed by longer period and higher rate of increase in protein content during seed development was of characteristic to high protein variety together with earlier and continuous development at higher rate of the protein component a. Considering the extremely low methionine content of the protein component a, breeding for high protein content may result in lower quality of soybean protein.n.

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