• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.23 no.9
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• pp.1253-1309
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• 2002

1,3,5-Tricyano-2,4,6-tris[2-(thiophen-2-yl)vinyl]benzene derivatives have been synthesized as a new type of octupolar nonlinear optical molecules and their linear and nonlinear optical properties were determined. The λmax values increa sed with the conjugation length and as the conjugation bridge was changed from phenyl to thienyl group. For phenyl and thiophene derivatives, the b value increased with conjugation length. In contrast, the $\beta$ values of the thiophene derivatives were much smaller than the corresponding phenyl derivatives.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.411-417
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• 1990

To compare the dietary and urinary minerals with serum lipid and minerals this study was carried out on 30 rural housewives in Kyunggi area. Mean intake of energy was 1770.3Kcal and protein 55.5g per day. Mineral intakes per day were measured; sodium 4330mg phos-phorus 485.7mg calcium 388.0mg zinc 8.99mg and copper 2.23mg Urinary minerals were analy-sed ; sodium 4379mg phosphorum 371.3mg calcium 190.0mg zinc 328.0mg and copper 49.6mg. Serum contents of lipid and minerals were : cholesterol 169.0mg% triglyceride 70.6mg% $\beta$-lipoprotein 304.9mg% sodium 142.3mM phosphorus 3.94mg% calcium 9.06mg% zinc 1215.7 ppb and cooper 620.0ppb. Eietary sodium and zinc urinary copper were significantly related with serum lipids.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.77.1-77.1
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• 2019

We present the results of the merger fraction evolution for galaxies in NEP-Wide field depending on star formation mode and redshift. We select the galaxies which have AKARI 9 ㎛ detections as a sample for large number of galaxies. We use multi-wavelength data from GALEX to Herschel, and Subaru HSC i-band images for analysis. We classify the merger galaxies with using Gini and M20, which are non-parametric calculated by statmorph code. We obtain the total infrared luminosity from the SED modeling with using one band, AKARI 9 ㎛. We find that the merger fractions of galaxies in all different star formation mode increase as the redshift increases. However, with fixed mass range of 10.5 < log(M🞵) < 11.5, the merger fractions of starbursts significantly increase as the redshift increases compared to those of main sequence and quiescent galaxies. We discuss the implications of these results in this poster.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.202-209
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• 2016

This study is aimed to determine the correlation between the toxin gene types and antibiotic resistance from MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus). Fifty-two strains of MRSA, between January 2014, and December 2014, were isolated from clinical specimens obtained from 2,664 cases in the intensive care unit of a hospital in Suncheon, Jeonnam, Korea. Genes encoding mecA, enterotoxin (SE), toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1), exfoliative toxin (ET), and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) were detected by multiplex PCR-mediated amplification using specific primers. Toxin genes (seg and sei) were present in 40 strains (76.9%), followed by tst in 34 strains (65.4%). Other genes (eta, etb, sea, sed, see, seh, sej, and pvl) were not detected. Forty strains (76.9%) of MRSA had 2 or more toxin genes simultaneously; 5 coexistent toxin-genes (seb, sec, seg, sei, tst) were the most common in 28 strains (53.8%), and 6 strains (11.5%) had seg and sei genes. The coexistence of genes were 72.5~100%, showing a high correlation among genes (seb, sec, seg, sei and tst). As strains (seb, sec, tst) that had particular toxin genes (seb, sec, seg, sei, tst) in multiple showed 100% resistance to ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, erythromycin, we were able to find that seb, sec, and tst genes have a close relationship to the aforementioned antibiotics. It showed a higher resistance to ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, erythromycin, and tetracycline compared with strains that had toxin genes independent from multiple toxin genes.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.207-214
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• 2005

To characterize the genotypic traits of clinical methicillin-resistant Staphyiococus aureus (MRSA) isolates (n=49), major virulence-associated genes were detected by using PCR-based methods. All the MRSA isolates possessed coagulase gene and showed four polymorphism types [500bp ($6{\%}$),580bp ($27{\%}$), 660bp ($65{\%}$) and 740bp ($2{\%}$)] due to variable numbers of tandem repeats present within the gene. The four or five different loci of hemolysin gene family were dominant in the MRSA isolates,25 of which($51{\%}$) possessed a combination of hla / hlb / hld/ hlg / hlg-2 genes as the most prevalent type. The prevalence of enterotoxin genes was varied among the MRSA isolates. sea and seb genes were detected from all the MRSA isolates. But sei, tsst-1, seg, sec, and seh genes were detected from 31 ($63{\%}$), 16 ($33{\%}$), 14 ($29{\%}$), 8 ($16{\%}$), and 5 ($10{\%}$) isolates, respectively. sed and sej genes were detected from 1 ($2{\%}$) isolate, respectively. see, eta, and etb genes were not detected at all. sea / seb genes were co-detected from 11 ($23{\%}$) isolates, sea / seb / sei genes from 9 ($19{\%}$) isolates, and sea / seb / seg / sei / tsst-1 genes from 5 ($10{\%}$) isolates. Other genes were co-detected with below $10{\%}$ frequencies.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.569-581
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• 1990

It is generated in DMF by activated catalysts of superoxo cobalt(III) complex, such as [Co(III)(Schiff base)(L)]O$_2$ (Schiff base; SED, SOPD and o-BSDT, L; DMF and Py) which mole ratio of oxygen to metal is 1:1 that oxidation major product of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol by homogeneous oxidatve catalysts of oxygen adducted tetradentate Schiff base cobalt(III) is 2,6-ditert-butylbenzoquinone (BQ). And oxidation product of 3,3',5,5'-tetra-tert-butyldiphenoquinone (DPQ) is generated by activated catalysts such as $\mu$-peroxo cobalt(III) complex; $[Co(III)(SND)(L)]_2$$O_2$ (L; DMF and Py) which mole ratio of oxygen to metal is 1:2. It is difficult to identify these homogeneous activated catalysts such as superoxo and $\mu$-peroxo cobalt(III) complexes in DMF and DMSO solvents. But we can identify by P.V.T method of the oxygen absorption in pyridine solvent and by the reduction process occurred to four steps including prewave of O$_2$- in 1:1 oxygen adducted superoxo cobalt(III) complexes and three steps not including prewave of O$_2$- in 1:2 oxygen adducted $\mu$-peroxo cobalt(III) complexes by the cyclic voltammetry with glassy carbon electrode in 0.1 M TEAP as supporting electrolyte solutidn.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.107 no.4
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• pp.402-411
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• 2018

This study was conducted to develop ingrowth estimation equations on Pinus densiflora found in Gangwon Province and in the center of Korean Peninsula, based on the National Forest Inventory (NFI)'s permanent sampling plot data. For this study, identical sampling plots in $5^{th}$ and $6^{th}$ NFI data were collected in order to identify ingrowth amounts for the last 5 years. Following two-stage approaches in developing the ingrowth estimation equations, the logistic regression model was used in the first stage to estimate the ingrowth probability. In the second stage, regression analysis on sampling plots with ingrowth occurrence was used to estimate the ingrowth amount. A candidate model was finally selected as an optimal model after a verification based on three evaluation statistics which include mean difference (MD), standard deviation of difference (SDD) and standard error of difference (SED). In results, a logistic regression model based on the number of sampling plot which did not result in ingrowth (model VI), was selected for an ingrowth probability estimation equation and exponential function including the species composition (SC) variable was optimal for an ingrowth estimation equation (model VII). The ingrowth estimation equations developed in this study also evaluated the estimation ability in various forest stand conditions, and no particular issue in fitness or applicability was observed.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.134-141
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• 2005

To characterize genotypic and phenotypic traits of Staphylococcus aureus isolates (n = 86) from lettuces and raw milk, major virulence-associated genes and antibiotic susceptibility were detected using PCR-based methods and disk diffusion method, respectively. All isolates possessed coagulase gene and showed five polymorphism types [500 bp (2.4%), 580 bp (17.4%), 660 bp (61.6%), 740 bp (17.4%), and 820 bp (1.2%)] due to variable numbers of tandem repeats present within the gene. Two or three different loci of hemolysin gene family were dominant in isolates, 47 of which (55%) possessed combination of hla/hld/hlg-2 genes as the most prevalent types. Among enterotoxin-encoding genes, sea was detected from 32 isolates (37%), sed from 1 isolate (1%), and sea and sed genes were co-detected from 4 isolates (5%), whereas seb, sec, and tsst-1 genes were not detected. All isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, oxacillin, and vancomycin, 85 isolates (99%) to penicillin G, 54 isolates (63%) to chloramphenicol, 51 isolates (59%) to erythromycin, and 7 isolates (8%) to clindamycin. Among resistant isolates, seven displayed multiantibiotic-resistance against two different antibiotics.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.309-313
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• 1997

(Ba$_{x}$Sr$_{l-x}$)TiO$_3$(BST) thin fi1ms with various Ba/Sr ratios were deposited on Pt(80nm)/SiO$_2$(100nm)/Si by RF magnetron sputtering. BST thin films which have x=0.6, 0.5, 0.4 were studied dielectric properties with temperature variation. The frequency was used from 100Hz to 1MHz for measuring dielectric constant. The measurement conditions of dielectric constant with Temperature Variation were 1KHz and 2$0^{\circ}C$. As a result, the dielectric constant of BST thin film was about 425 and loss factor was 0.013. Also, with increasing Temperature, the dielectric constants of BST thin films were gradually decreased.sed.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.35.1-35.1
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• 2017

We present the characteristics and the performance of the new CCD camera system, SNUCAM-II (Seoul National University CAMera system II) that was installed on the Lee Sang Gak Telescope (LSGT) at the Siding Spring Observatory Australia in 2016. SNUCAM-II consists of a deep depletion chip covering a wide wavelength from $0.3{\mu}m$ to $1.1{\mu}m$ with high sensitivity (QE at 90%). It is equipped with SDSS ugriz filters and 13 medium band width (50nm) filters. On LSGT, SNUCAM-II covers $15.7{\times}15.7arcmin$ FOV at pixel scale of 0.92 arcsec and a limiting magnitude of g = 19.91 AB mag at $5{\sigma}$ with 180s exposure time. SNUCAM-II will enable us to study Spectral Energy Distributions (SEDs) of diverse objects from extragalactic sources to solar objects in the southern hemisphere for research and education activities.