Browse > Article

PCR Detection of Virulence Genes Encoding Coagulase and Other Toxins among Clinical Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates  

Jung Hye-Jin (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University)
Cho Joon-Il (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University)
Song Eun-Seop (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Inha University)
Kim Jin-Ju (Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Inha University)
Kim Keun-Sung (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University)
Publication Information
Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters / v.33, no.3, 2005 , pp. 207-214 More about this Journal
Abstract
To characterize the genotypic traits of clinical methicillin-resistant Staphyiococus aureus (MRSA) isolates (n=49), major virulence-associated genes were detected by using PCR-based methods. All the MRSA isolates possessed coagulase gene and showed four polymorphism types [500bp ($6{\%}$),580bp ($27{\%}$), 660bp ($65{\%}$) and 740bp ($2{\%}$)] due to variable numbers of tandem repeats present within the gene. The four or five different loci of hemolysin gene family were dominant in the MRSA isolates,25 of which($51{\%}$) possessed a combination of hla / hlb / hld/ hlg / hlg-2 genes as the most prevalent type. The prevalence of enterotoxin genes was varied among the MRSA isolates. sea and seb genes were detected from all the MRSA isolates. But sei, tsst-1, seg, sec, and seh genes were detected from 31 ($63{\%}$), 16 ($33{\%}$), 14 ($29{\%}$), 8 ($16{\%}$), and 5 ($10{\%}$) isolates, respectively. sed and sej genes were detected from 1 ($2{\%}$) isolate, respectively. see, eta, and etb genes were not detected at all. sea / seb genes were co-detected from 11 ($23{\%}$) isolates, sea / seb / sei genes from 9 ($19{\%}$) isolates, and sea / seb / seg / sei / tsst-1 genes from 5 ($10{\%}$) isolates. Other genes were co-detected with below $10{\%}$ frequencies.
Keywords
MRSA(methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus); coagulase; hemolysin; staphylococcal enterotoxin; exfoliative toxin;
Citations & Related Records

Times Cited By SCOPUS : 1
연도 인용수 순위
1 Barski, P., L. Piechowicz, J. Galinski, and J. Kur. 1996. Rapid assay for detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus using multiplex PCR. Mol. Cell. Probes. 10: 471-475   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Berger-Bachi, B., A. Strassle, J. E. Gustafson, and F. H. Kayser. 1992. Mapping and characterization of multiple chromosomal factors involved in methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 36: 1367-1373   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
3 Chamers, H. F. 1997. Methicillin resistance in staphylococci: molecular and biochemical basis and clinical implications. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 10: 781-791   PUBMED
4 Goh, S. H., S. K. Byrne, J. L. Zhang, and A. W. Chow. 1992. Molecular typing of Staphylococcus aureus on the basis of coagulase gene polymorph isms. J. Clin. Microbiol. 30: 1642-1645   PUBMED
5 Kaida, S., T. Miyata, Y. Yoshizawa, S. Kawabata, T. Morita, H. Igarashi, and S. Iwanaga. 1987. Nucleotide sequence of the staphylocoagulase gene: its unique COOH-terminal 8 tandem repeats. J. Biochem. 102: 1177- 1186   DOI   PUBMED
6 Katsuda, K., E. Hata, H. Kobayashi, M. Kohmoto, K. Kawashima, H. Tsunemitsu, and M. Eguchi M. 2005. Molecular typing of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitic milk on the basis of toxin genes and coagulase gene polymorphisms. Vet. Microbiol. 105: 301-305   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
7 Lange, C., M. Cardoso, D. Senczek, and S. Schwarz. 1999. Molecular subtyping of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from cases of bovine mastitis in Brazil. Vet. Microbiol. 67: 127-41   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Letertre, C, S. Perelle, F. Dilasser, and P. Fach. 2003. Identification of a new putative enterotoxin SEU encoded by the egc cluster of Staphylococcus aureus. J. Appl. Microbiol. 95: 38-43   DOI   ScienceOn
9 McLauchlin, J., G. L. Narayanan, V. Mithani, and G O'Neill. 2000. The detection of enterotoxins and toxic shock syndrome toxin genes in Staphylococcus aureus by polymerase chain reaction. J. Food Prot. 63: 479-488   DOI   PUBMED
10 Moon, J. Y, E. J. Lee, and Y. B. Kim. 2004. Rapid detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by multiplex PCR. J. Bact. Virol. 34: 91-10
11 Moore, P. C. L., and J. A, Lindsay. 2001. Genetic variation among hospital isolates of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus: evidence for horizontal transfer of virulence genes. J. Clin. Microbiol. 39: 2760-2767   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Orwin, P. M., D. Y. Leung, H. L. Donahue, R. P. Novick, and P. M Schlievert. 2001. Biochemical and biological properties of staphylococcal enterotoxin K. Infect. Immun. 69: 360-366   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Phonimdaeng, P., M. O'Reilly, P. Nowlan, A. J. Bramley, and T. J. Foster. 1990. The coagulase of Staphylococcus aureus 8325-4. Sequence analysis and virulence of site-specific coagulase-deficient mutants. Mol. Microbiol 4: 393-404   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Jung, H. J., J. I. Cho, S. H. Park, S. D. Ha, K. H. Lee, C. H. Kim, E. S. Song, D. H. Chung, M. G Kim, K. Y. Kim, and K. S. Kim. 2005. Genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from lettuces and raw milk. Kor. J Food Sci. Technol. 37: 134-141
15 Plano, L. R. 2004. Staphylococcus aureus exfoliative toxins: how they cause disease. J. Invest. Dermatol 122: 1070-1077   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Salasia, S. I., Z. Khusnan, C. Lammler, and M. Zschock. 2004. Comparative studies on pheno- and genotypic properties of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine subclinical mastitis in central Java in Indonesia and Hesse in Germany. J. Vet. Sci. 5: 103-109
17 Vannuffel, P., J. Gigi, H. Ezzedine, B. Vandercam, M. Delmee, G Wauters, and G. L. Gala. 1995. Specific detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus species by multiplex PCR. J. Clin. Microbiol 33: 2864-2867   PUBMED
18 Endo, Y., T. Yamada, K. Matsunaga, Y. Hayakawa, T. Kaidoh, and S. Takeuchi. 2003. Phage conversion of exfoliative toxin A in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from cows with mastitis. Vet. Microbiol. 96: 81-90   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Nilsson, I. M., O. Hartford, T. Foster, and A. Tarkowski. 1999. Alpha-toxin and gamma-toxin jointly promote Staphylococcus aureus virulence in murine septic arthritis. Infect. Immun. 67: 1045-1049   PUBMED
20 Omoe, K., M. Ishikawa, Y. Shimoda, D. L. Hu, S. Ueda, and K. Shinagawa. 2002. Detection of seg, seh, and sei genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolates and determination of the enterotoxin productivities of S. aureus isolates harboring seg, seh, or sei genes. J. Clin. Microbiol. 40: 857-862   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Scherrer, D., S. Corti, J. E. Muehlherr, C. Zweifel, and R. Stephan. 2004. Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus in bulk-tank milk damples of goats and sheep. Vet. Microbiol 101: 101-107   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Hookey, J. V., J. F. Richardson, and B. D. Cookson. 1998. Molecular typing of Staphylococcus aureus based on PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism and DNA sequence analysis of the coagulase gene. J. Clin. Microbiol. 36: 1083-1089   PUBMED
23 Brakstad, O. G, K. Aasbakk, and J. A. Maeland. 1992. Detection of Staphylococcus aureus by polymerase chain reaction amplification of the nucA gene. J. Clin. Microbiol. 30: 1654-1660   PUBMED
24 Becker, K., A. W. Friedrich, G. Lubritz, M. Weilert, G. Peters, and C. von Eiff. 2003. Prevalence of genes encoding pyrogenic toxin superantigens and exfoliative toxins among strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from blood and nasal specimens. J. Clin. Microbiol. 41: 1434-1439   DOI   ScienceOn
25 Ha, D. J., Y. C. Kim, and Y. J. Kim. 2003. Management of infection for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at an orthopaedic surgery department. J. Kor. Orthop. Assoc. 38: 34-38   DOI
26 Park, J. W. D. K. Hwang, and H. J. Yu. 2002. Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, review of 20 cases. Kor. J. Dermatol 40: 1051-1057
27 Rosec, J. P., and O. Giguad. 2002. Staphylococcal enterotoxin genes of classical and new types detected by PCR in France. Int. J. Food Microbiol 77: 61-70   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
28 Bertrand, X., M. Thouverez, and D. Talon. 2000. Antibiotic susceptibility and genotypic characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains in eastern France. J. Hosp. Infect. 46: 280-287   DOI   ScienceOn
29 Hussain, Z., L. Stoakes, S. Garrow, S. Longo, V. Fitzgerald, and R. Lannigan. 2000. Rapid detection of mecA-positive and mecA-negative coagulase-negative staphylococci by an anti-penicillin binding protein 2a slide latex agglutination test. J. Clin. Microbiol. 38: 2051-2054   PUBMED
30 Martineau, F., F. J. Picard, P. H. Roy, M. Ouellette, and M. G. Bergeron. 1998. Species-specific and ubiquitous-DNA-based assays for rapid identification of Staphylococcus aureus. J. Clin. Microbiol. 36: 618-623   PUBMED
31 Jones, T. F., M. E. Kellum, S. S. Porter, M. Bell, and W. Schaffuer. 2002. An outbreak of community-acquired foodborne illness caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 8: 82-84   DOI   ScienceOn
32 Sharma, N. K., C. E. Rees, and C. E. Dodd. 2000. Development of a single-reaction multiplex PCR toxin typing assay for Staphylococcus aureus strains. Appl. Environ. Microbiol 66: 1347-1353   DOI   ScienceOn
33 Akineden, O., C. Annemuller, A. A. Hassan, C. Lammler, W. Wolter, and M. Zschock. 2001. Toxin genes and other characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from milk of cows with mastitis. Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. 8: 959-964   PUBMED
34 Jarraud, S., Mougel C, Thioulouse J, Lina G, Meugnier H, Forey F, Nesme X, Etienne J, and Vandenesch F. 2002. Relationships between Staphylococcus aureus genetic backgroud, virulence factors, agr groups (alleles), and human disease. Infect. Immun. 70: 631-641   DOI   ScienceOn