• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.770-785
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• 1998

This study describes the relation of physician's income and price of medical service and social welfare through microeconomic view, reviews the literature of influencing factor on physician's income, and it describes general distribution of physician's income, and analyzes influencing factor of physician's income. A total of 844 persons responded to the mail survey, through stratified sampling by 23 branches of medical society in Korean RBRVS study. The design of the study is cross sectional study, and the unit of analysis is a physician. To examine the change of average income per month, multiple regression was used to test the change according to physician's characteristics, demographic characteristics, scale of clinic, average intensity of ordinary work, and specialty. The major findings of this study are as follows; 1. As for self-employed physicians, the difference of average income per month among specialties was mcreased \4,850,000, but the difference was \6,020,000 under the control of control variables. 2. The number of average out-patients per month and number of nurses and nursing aides significantly positively associated, and average income per month was significantly higher for physicians who had sick-beds than physicians who had no sick-beds. In conclusion, the number of out-patient and number of nurses and nursing aides is the major influencing factor, and the difference of average income per month among specialties existed in self-employed physicians. So this study suggests basic hypothesis that the price of medical service and supply of physician by specialties are not pertinent. Being a cross-sectional study, this study can not suggest causal explanations. In the future, further study is needed for causal explanations.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.142-150
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• 2024

Objective: Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) is a disorder characterized by impaired ovarian function. Sleep disorders are disruptions of the circadian rhythm, which appears to be closely linked to reproductive systems. This study aimed to investigate the impact of poor sleep quality on the ovarian reserve of childbearing-age women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in China from June 2021 to March 2023. In total, 102 participants diagnosed with chronic insomnia disorder were included in the study. Questionnaires were administered to assess participants' menstrual patterns, insomnia severity, anxiety, and depression. The anti-Müllerian hormone level and the basal antral follicle count were measured for ovarian reserve evaluation. Correlation analysis and ordinal logistic regression analysis were conducted. Results: The women with insomnia presented high percentages of hypomenorrhea, premenstrual syndrome, and dysmenorrhea (78.4%, 74.5%, and 46.1%, respectively). Severe sleep disorder in the past month was identified as an independent risk factor for hypomenorrhea and premenstrual syndrome (odds ratio [OR], 2.64 and OR, 2.688; p<0.05). The prevalence of DOR among women with insomnia (33.3%) was significantly higher than the average reported in previous studies for young women. Insomnia duration exceeding 1 year was determined to be an independent risk factor for DOR in women aged 36 to 40 years (OR, 4.5; p=0.033). Conclusion: This study highlights the association between sleep disorders and menstrual problems. Prolonged poor sleep quality in women aged 36 to 40 years was identified as a significant risk factor for DOR. We should pay more attention to improving sleep quality in order to maintain normal ovarian function.

• 물과 미래
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.155-168
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• 1995

본고는 개수로 마찰계수를 산정하거나 단면평균유속을 구하는 전통적인 방법의 경험식을 논의하였으며, 새로운 형태의 산정식을 제시하였다. 기존 경험식중 형태가 가능한 것은 차원의 일치를 기하기 위하여 수정하였으며, 등가조고를 도입하여 새로운 형태의 경험식을 제안하였다. 개수로에서의 마찰계수 분포도 원형판에서의 완난류 마찰계수 분포와 유사함을 고려하여 대부분의 관측자료는 완난류 구간에 드는 것으로 판단하였으며, 원형관 완난류 마찰계수 산정식을 수정하여 사각형 개수로 완난류 마찰계수 산정식을 개발하였다. 또한 차원의 일치를 이룬 새로운 형태의 경험식들을 포함하여 이들 산정식을 Bazin의 실험자료에 적용하여 비교 검토하였다.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.554-563
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors associated with drug misuse behaviors among polypharmacy elderly. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey. Participants consisted of 116 polypharmacy elderly who were taking 5 or more medications each day. Data were collected via face to face interviews. Data were analyzed using the PASW 18.0 program. Data concerning predisposing factor (knowledge, benefit), enabling factor (communication with health care provider), and need factor (perceived health status, number of disease) were collected. Results: The total mean score of drug misuse behaviors among polypharmacy elderly was 3.04 out of 10 points. Communication with health care provider, perceived health status, and knowledge were found to be significantly correlated with drug misuse behaviors. In stepwise multiple regression analysis, a total of 42% of the variance in drug misuse behaviors was accounted for communication with health care provider, perceived health status, and knowledge. Conclusion: Therefore, education program for improving communication with health care provider, and knowledge should be designed and provided for polypharmacy elderly.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.325-334
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• 2020

This paper aims to evaluate the interfacial stress concentrations on connection between vertical through-plate and H-beam in CFT column. Full-scale experiments were performed on three specimens with varying thickness of the vertical through-plate to investigate the interfacial stress concentration factor in the connections. The specimens underwent brittle failure at the location where the steel beam is connected to the vertical through-plate before the steel beam reached its plastic moment. The strain data of the part were analyzed, and the sectional analyses were conducted to determine appropriate residual stress models. In addition, the stress concentration factor was quantified by comparing the analytical local behavior in which the stress concentration is not reflected and the experimental data reflecting the stress concentration. The results showed that the maximum reduction of the stress concentration factor due to an increase in the thickness of the vertical through-plate is 50.3%.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.442-447
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• 1999

서론: 성장기에서 기관의 성장양상에 관한 이해는 수많은 기관질병의 관리나 선천성 기관협착증에서 기관 성형술 등에서 매우 중요한 지표가 된다. 그러나 이에 관한 국내의 연구례가 거의없는 실정이다. 본 연구는 한국인 소아에서 기관의 내경과 단면적을 후향적으로 분석하여 기관질환의 치료에 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 1996년 5월부터 1998년 8월까지 흉부전산화 단층촬영을 시행한 0세부터 20세까지 106명의 환자를 대상으로 하였는데 기관의 내경이나 단면적에 영향을 줄 수 있는 기관질환, 과거에 개흉술을 받은 경우, 종격동 종양, 폐쇄성 폐질환이 있는 경우는 본 연구에서 제외시켰다. 남자가 69명, 여자가 37명이었으며 기관의 종단내경과 횡단내경은 흉부유입부와 대동맥궁 부위에서 각각 측정하였다. 기관의 형태는 각 부위의 단면에서 원형, 타원형, 말발굽형으로 구분하였으며 단면적은 A = 1/4$\pi$ab (A: 단면적, $\pi$: 3.14, a: 종단내경, b: 횡단내경)의 공식으로 계산하여 각 부위의 내경과 연령 및 성별에 따른 단면적을 비교 분석하였다. 통계처리에서 p값이 0.05이하일 때 통계적 의미가 있는 것으로 간주하였다. 결과: 5세이하에서는 level I과 II 모두에서 기관의 형태가 원형을 이루고 있었으며 두 부위간의 단면적의 차이는 없었다. 성장함에 따라 level I의 형태는 타원형으로 변해가는 반면 level II에서는 그대로 원형을 유지하고 있었으며 level I의 단면적이 level II 보다 크다(p=0.020). 기관의 내경과 단면적은 성장함에 따라 직선관계로 증가한다는 것이 확인되었고(r>0.9), 5세이하의 소아에서는 여자가 남자보다 기관의 단면적이 크고 (p=0.020) 15세가 넘으면 반대로 남자가 더 크다 (p=0.002). 결론: 이상의 결과에서 흉부전산화 단층촬영은 기관의 내경과 단면적을 측정하는데 있어 안전하고 확실한 방법이며 성장기의 한국인에서 기관의 내경과 단면적에 대한 지표가 되고자 한다.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.111-128
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• 2005

This paper examines the validity of the newly developed IT consulting SERVQUAL measurement tool. In an attempt to measure Ire IS customers' expectations and perceived quality of the services they received, the researchers developed a diagnostic tool of SERVQUAL based on the solid theoretical background, which can specifically be applied to the IT consulting service sector. This on-going research so far, has been applied to six (6) different organizations that have received IT consulting services over the past years. From the preliminary data collected, the correlation and the factor analyses were conducted to understand the underlying concept and refinement of the measurement tool. Although the correlation analysis showed a little tendency of collinearity among some of the variables, all showed sound relationship of the proposed hypotheses. The exploratory factor analytic approach was chosen because it does not set any priori constraints on the estimation of components or the number of components to be extracted. The number of different factor solutions was extracted and tested to see which solution represents better grouping of the variables. The Crombach's Alpha was computed on different combinations of the factor solutions to ensure validity. The results show 8-dimensional IT consulting SERVQUAL measures which they are, assurance, knowledge & skill, customer relationship, support, empathy, process management, expertise, and education, seem more appropriate than the originally proposed 6 dimensions. The study approach was non-experimental cross-sectional research design. The longitudinal design of follow-up studies to periodically revise and refine current measure is strongly recommended for fine tuning of the tool.

• 산학경영연구
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• 제17권
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• pp.1-26
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• 2004

본 연구는 금융시장의 환경변화에 따라 어려움을 겪고 있는 지역농협이, 농협 금융서비스에 대한 고객의 욕구를 파악하고 추후 고객지향의 다양한 전략구사나 서비스를 개선하는데 도움이 될 목적으로 이루어지게 되었다. 연구는 이론고찰과 실증분석을 통해 이루어졌다. 먼저 "서비스"와 "서비스 품질"에 대한 이론적 고찰을 통해 본 연구의 모형을 도출하였다. 연구모형에서 제시한 연구내용을 분석하기 위해 농협 금융서비스를 이용하는 고객을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문결과를 분석하기 위해 SPSS Win 10을 이용하여 빈도분석, 요인분석, t-test, 회귀분석, 교차분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 지역농협의 금융 서비스 품질결정요인으로 신뢰성, 공감성, 유형성, 편의성이라는 요인이 추출되었고, 이들 요인에 대한 기대서비스와 지각서비스에 차이가 있는 가에 대한 분석 결과 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 모든 요인에 대한 변수의 (지각수준 - 기대수준) 값이 마이너스로 나타나 기대수준 보다 지각수준이 낮음을 알 수 있다. 또한 서비스 품질 결정요인들이 고객만족에 영향을 미치는가에 대한 분석 결과, 편의성을 제외한 신뢰성, 공감성, 유형성 요인들이 고객만족에 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 고객만족에 영향을 미치는 요인 중 특히 공감성, 유형성, 신뢰성 순으로 회귀계수의 크기가 나타나 공감성이 고객만족에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 서비스 품질 결정요인들이 재구매에 영향을 미치는가를 알아본 결과 신뢰성, 공감성, 유형성, 편의성 요인 모두 재 구매에 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 4개 요인 중 공감성의 회귀계수가 가장 크게 나타났고 이어 신뢰성, 편의성, 유형성의 순으로 나타나 재구매에도 공감성 요인이 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 마지막으로 지역농협 금융 서비스에 대한 고객의 만족/불만족과 재구매와의 관계를 분석했는데 두 변수사이에 유의한 관계가 있는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2001년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.173-180
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• 2001

In this study steel box girders used as main members of a two span continuous steel bridge, are optimally designed by a Load and Resistance Factor Design method(LRFD) using an numerical optimization method. The width, height, web thickness and flange thickness of the main girder are set as design variables, and light weight design is attempted by choosing the cross-sectional area as an object function. We studied the results of steel box girders and compared with those of 1-type girders. The main program is coded with C++ and connected with optimization modul ADS. which is coded with FORTRAN.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.151-167
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• 2005

In this study, certain factors influencing cherry tomato were estimated using system equations. In addition, the amount of influence to income from each factor was estimated from both direct and indirect effects. Based on OLS(Ordinary Least Squares) estimation, path analysis and factor analysis were employed to overcome multicollinearity problems. Data used in this study is interviewed cross sectional data of 65 cherry tomato producing farm in Chungnam-do area. Average age of the producers is 46.5. Average year of the production is 8 years. Average farm size, productivity, and income are 1,123 pyong, 7,439kg/10a, 8,112,000won/10a, respectively. The business performance of the sample farms were above average, in terms of the diagnosis by "Standard Business Diagnosis for Cherry tomato". To identify the factors influencing productivity, 15, 19, and 25 independent variables were selected for the dependent variables of yield, price(quality), and business cost, respectively. Finally, yield, quality, and business cost variables were set as independent variables to explain income as dependent variable. As a result of main factor analysis, 10, 12, 15, and 16 factors were identified as main factors for yield, quality, business cost, and income, respectively.