• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2021

해양오염사고가 발생하면 삼면이 바다인 우리나라는 막대한 피해를 입게 된다. 국내 해양오염사고를 분석한 결과 오염원 대부분이 소형어선과 예인선이었으며 특히, 예인선의 좌초에 의한 해양오염사고 발생률이 높아 시급한 안전대책이 요구된다. 본 연구의 목적은 해양오염사고의 주요 오염원인 예인선에 의한 좌초사고 예방방안을 마련함으로써 2차적으로 발생 가능한 해양오염사고를 감소시키는데 있다. 이러한 방안을 마련하기 위하여 보령해역을 운항하는 예인선 61척의 GPS 플로터에 과거 좌초사고 발생위치 63개소를 표시하고 선장들에게 표시된 좌초위치를 주의하여 확인하면서 운항하도록 하는 실험을 하고 효과여부를 조사하였다. 실험결과 20개월의 실험기간 동안 피험선박에 의한 좌초사고 발생이 한 건도 없었고 선장대상 설문조사 결과 응답자 40명 중 36명(90%)이 안전항해에 상당한 도움이 되었다고 응답하여 실험 효과가 검증되었다. 실험결과를 적용하여 GPS 플로터에 좌초사고 위치표시 및 알려지지 않은 암초 위치정보를 홈페이지에 게시하는 등의 방법으로 제조사 및 사용자에게 정보제공 방안 제안 등 다양한 좌초사고 예방에 관한 정책제언을 하였다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2014

Causticizing calcium carbonate (CCC) is produced as a by-product in the causticization step of the kraft pulping process. It is often calcined in a rotary lime kiln after being dewatered and reused in the causticizing process. But for the China mill, the conventional recycled way is difficult because the CCC is mainly obtained from non-wood pulping materials, which higher silicon content led to serious silicon obstacle. So it is often discarded as solid waste or used in landfill after dewatering and secondary pollution is brought. In order to prevent its secondary pollution, recent years, the CCC is used as a filler in China papermaking industry. In mill trials, the CCC can be used to replace an amount of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC). Unfortunately, the application scope and dosage of CCC have been limited due to its lower sizing efficiency than PCC. In this study, the reason for the lower sizing efficiency of alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) when CCC was used as a filler was investigated. The results showed that the materials in green liquid, such as insoluble matter in green liquid, silicon and metal ions, were a little influence on the sizing efficiency of AKD. The higher BET and BJH pore volume of the CCC were the main reason for lower sizing efficiency of AKD when it was used as filler.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2008

오염된 퇴적물은 연안의 생태계 파괴에 근본적인 원인이 되고 있음에 따라, 선진 외국에서는 1960년대부터 이러한 문제 해결을 위한 새로울 기술개발을 진행하여 오고 있다. 본 연구에서는 유기퇴적물 수거를 위한 시스템 설계 및 개발에 있어서 오탁확산에 의한 2차 오염을 방지하거나 최소화 할 수 있는 Pilot 규모 형태의 흡입식 펌프 준설 시스템을 설계 제작하였으며, 시스템의 성능시험을 통한 적용 가능성을 제시하였다. 시스템 최적화를 위하여 수치해석기법을 통한 퇴적물 수거 시스템의 형상에 대한 성능평가를 수행하고, 제작 시스템의 성능시험에 있어서는 시스템의 정지 상태와 이동 상태에서의 퇴적물 수거 성능에 대한 실험을 수행하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 해저 유기퇴적물의 상부만을 준설할 수 있는 시스템의 개발 가능성을 확인하였다.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.36-42
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• 2022

Globally, as population growth and economic development continue, resource consumption is increasing rapidly. As an alternative to electric vehicles was suggested as the environmental pollution problem emerged, the number of registered electric vehicles in Korea increased by more than 137 times compared to 2013. Secondary batteries are expected to expand into various markets such as small IT devices and electric vehicles, and the most important part of electric vehicles is the battery (secondary battery). Therefore, in this study, to analyze the stability of the CSM (Classifier Separator Mill) grinding disc that crushes secondary battery raw materials, structural analysis and vibration analysis of the 1st to 4th grinding discs and the final model were performed. The change of bending by the weight of the Grinding Disc is at least 0.065㎛ and maximum 0.075㎛, and the change by the standard gravity is judged to be very low. The strain is at least 0.00031㎛/㎛ and maximum 0.00078㎛/㎛, and even if the number of Hamer increases, the change by the weight is judged to be insignificant. When the Grinding Disc rotates at a maximum of 6000rpm, the deformation and deformation rate of the first to third models are similar, but the fourth model (Hamer 10EA) is more than three times and the final model (Hamer 12EA) is about four times. However, the maximum deformation is 28.21㎛, which is considered to be insignificant when the change is 6000rpm. Six modes of natural Frequency analysis of the 1st~4th order and final model of the grinding disc appeared to be bent or twisted.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.607-620
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• 1998

The influence of transportation on air quality has been elevating in urban area. Air pollutants from automobiles cause primary and secondary air pollution, and need to be tightly controlled. In this study, the effect of automobile air pollutants on highway vicinity area was evaluated by the comparison of field measurement. and target was for modeling using CALINE3, NO2 was the target for this work. It was found that the concentration predicted by CALINE3 is overestimated at low wind speed and input data of wind speed requires correction. Based on the measured data, the wind speed was modified by effective wind speed equation [Ue=U+0.24·EXP(-pxU)], and there after the accuracy of CALINE3 calculation was improved neighborhood area of highway. It was also observed that weather conditions and traffic volume affect the concentration of air pollution. Finally, the NO2 effect of automobile air pollutants on the vicinity area of highway proved to be up to 400∼600m from the highway.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.185-190
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• 1995

Recently, because of the worse of the air pollution, the excessive airtught of building and the inferiority of air conditioning system, the development of high efficiency air purification technology was enlarged to the environmental improvement of an indoor or a harmful working condition. The air purification technology has used chemical filters or charcoal filters or charcoal to remove hazardouse gaseous pollutants (SO$_{x}$, NO$_{x}$, NH$_{3}$, etc.) by air pollutant control technology, but they have many problems of high pressure loss, short life, wide space possession, and treatment of secondary wastes. For these reason, the object of reasearch shall be hazardous gaseous pollutants removal by the surface discharge induced plasma chemical process that is A.C. discharge of multistreams applied A.C. voltage and frequency between plane induced eletrode and line discharge eletrode of tungsten, platinum or titanium with a high purified alumina sheet having a film-like plane. As a result, the control performance for hazardous gaseous pollutants showed very high efficiency in the normal temperature and pressure. Also, after comtact oxidation decomposition of harmful gaseous pollutants, the remainded ozone concentration was found much lower than that of ACGIH or air pollution criteria in Korea.rea.

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국막학회 1998년도 춘계 총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.83-86
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• 1998

1. Introduction : Low molecular harmful organics such as 1-naphthol and phenol are widely used in industries, and pose serious environmental problems. Wastewater containing low molecular harmful organics may be ejected from various sources including metal-plating industries, circuit-board manufacturing process, photographic and photo-processing industries, refineries and metal-tailing leachate. The pollution of nation harbors, waterways and ground water resources with these organics has reached critical portions, and might also give hazardous influence on human health. Micellar enhanced ultrafiltration(MEUF) is a recently developed process to remove dissolved organics and/or heavy metals present in small or trace quantities from aqueous solution. In this system, the fatal defect is leakage of surfactants especially at low concentration below CMC(critical micelle concentration), which becomes a secondary pollution. Our group proposed to use biosurfactant and polymeric micelle to solve problems mentioned above. In this study we investigated a modified MEUF using PEO-PPO-PEO (polyethyleneoxide-polypropyleneoxide-polyethyleneoxide) block copolymers for the removal of organic solutes such as 1-naphthol and phenol from aqueous wastewater. We proposed PEO-PPO-PEO block copolymers as new surfactants for forming micelles in MEUF, and investigated the solubilization characteristics and efficiency for the removal of 1-naphthol and phenol. PEO-PPO-PEO block copolymers are, environmentally mild and safe as biosurfactants.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.319-336
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• 2022

Evaluating the temporal and spatial changes in the ecosystem service value (ESV) of the Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve is important for understanding the impact of human activities on natural ecosystem and guiding ecosystem restoration and environmental pollution control. In this study, remotely sensed land-cover data and the equivalent factor method were used to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of the ESV in Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve from 1992 to 2015, and regression analysis was employed to determine the factors driving changes in the ESV. The results show that grassland was the main type of ecosystem in the study area, and the transformation of grassland into bare areas was the primary change in land cover. Additionally, the ESV in the study area first decreased and then increased, with an annual growth rate of 0.69%. The ESV mainly increased in the north of the Yellow River's source area, and mainly decreased in the northwest of the Yangtze River's source area. Finally, the gross output value of agriculture, urbanization rate and proportion of secondary industry were found to be the main factors driving the ESV in the study area.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.177-190
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• 2013

Air pollution trends in Japan between 1970 and 2012 were analyzed, and the impact of air pollution countermeasures was evaluated. Concentrations of CO decreased from 1970 to 2012, and in 2012, the Japanese environmental quality standard (EQS) for CO was satisfied. Concentrations of $SO_2$ dropped markedly in the 1970s, owing to use of desulfurization technologies and low-sulfur heavy oil. Major reductions in the sulfur content of diesel fuel in the 1990s resulted in further decreases of $SO_2$ levels. In 2012, the EQS for $SO_2$ was satisfied at most air quality monitoring stations. Concentrations of $NO_2$ decreased from 1970 to 1985, but increased from 1985 to 1995. After 1995, $NO_2$ concentrations decreased, especially after 2006. In 2012, the EQS for $NO_2$ was satisfied at most air quality monitoring stations, except those alongside roads. The annual mean for the daily maximum concentrations of photochemical oxidants (OX) increased from 1980 to 2010, but after 2006, the $98^{th}$ percentile values of the OX concentrations decreased. In 2012, the EQS for OX was not satisfied at most air quality monitoring stations. Non-methane hydrocarbon (NMHC) concentrations generally decreased from 1976 to 2012. In 2011, NMHC concentrations near roads and in the general environment were nearly the same. The concentration of suspended particulate matter (SPM) generally decreased. In 2011, the EQS for SPM was satisfied at 69.2% of ambient air monitoring stations, and 72.9% of roadside air-monitoring stations. Impacts from mineral dust from continental Asia were especially pronounced in the western part of Japan in spring, and year-round variation was large. The concentration of $PM_{2.5}$ generally decreased, but the EQS for $PM_{2.5}$ is still not satisfied. The air pollution trends were closely synchronized with promulgation of regulations designed to limit pollutant emissions. Trans-boundary OX and $PM_{2.5}$ has become a big issue which contains global warming chemical species such as ozone and black carbon (so called SLCP: Short Lived Climate Pollutants). Cobeneficial reduction approach for these pollutants will be important to improve both in regional and global atmospheric environmental conditions.

• 공업화학
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.474-484
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• 2005

생물학적 방법에 의한 대기오염물질 처리는 기존의 처리방법을 대체할 수 있는 방법으로 각광을 받고 있다. 생물학적 처리방법은 유기화합물 또는 악취가 포함된 저농도 고유량의 공기를 처리하는데 효과적이다. 생물학적 처리 방법은 기존의 소각 또는 흡착 방법에 비해 여러 장점을 가지고 있다. 주요 장점으로 처리비용이 저렴하고, 2차 오염물질이 발생되지 않으며, 화학물질이 사용되지 않고, 에너지 사용이 적으며, 상온에서의 운전 등이다. 대기오염물질을 생물학적 방법으로 처리하는데는 생물여과법이 많이 이용되고 있으나 여러 제약이 있어 이를 해결할 수 있는 방법으로 생물살수여과법에 대한 개발연구가 수년 전부터 수행되어 왔다. 생물살수여과법은 생물여과법에 비해 다소 복잡하나 난분해성 물질이나 분해과정에서 산이 생성되는 경우 효과적으로 이용될 수 있다. 그러나 생물살수여과법을 이용한 대기중 VOC 처리에 대한 연구는 초기단계로서 효율적인 처리를 위해 많은 연구가 진행중이다. 본 연구에서는 대기오염제어를 위한 생물살수여과법의 기본 원리와 이론 및 실용적 내용에 대하여 소개하고자 한다. 특히 생물살수여과법의 운전인자와 성능에 미치는 영향인자에 대하여 중점적으로 다루었다.