• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권17호
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• pp.7187-7193
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• 2014

Background: The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare sensitivities and specificities of fine needle aspiration (FNA) and core needle biopsy (CNB) in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer. Materials and Methods: Articles were screened in Medline, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE and Google Scholar, and subsequently included and excluded based on the patient/problem-intervention-comparison-outcome (PICO) principle. Primary outcome was defined in terms of diagnostic values (sensitivity and specificity) of FNA and CNB for thyroid cancer. Secondary outcome was defined as the accuracy of diagnosis. Compiled FNA and CNB results from the final studies selected as appropriate for meta-analysis were compared with cases for which final pathology diagnoses were available. Statistical analyses were performed for FNA and CNB for all of the selected studies together, and for individual studies using the leave-one-out approach. Results: Article selection and screening yielded five studies for meta-analysis, two of which were prospective and the other three retrospective, for a total of 1,264 patients. Pooled diagnostic sensitivities of FNA and CNB methods were 0.68 and 0.83, respectively, with specificities of 0.93 and 0.94. The areas under the summary ROC curves were 0.905 (${\pm}0.030$) for FNA and 0.745 (${\pm}0.095$) for CNB, with no significant difference between the two. No one study had greater influence than any other on the pooled estimates for diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. Conclusions: FNA and CNB do not differ significantly in sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of thyroid cancer.

• 대한구순구개열학회지
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• 제14권1_2호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2011

The frequency of fetal malformations accounts for around 3-5% and evaluation of the health of the fetus and screening for fetal malformations has become an important part of prenatal care. Improvements in prenatal diagnosis have allowed identification of malformation in fetuses during first and second trimesters of pregnancy. Prenatal ultrasonography has become routine part of antenatal examination. For development of imaging, the accuracy of diagnosis is getting higher and earlier diagnosis of congenital malformation, such as cleft lip and palate, can provide to parent counseling, and opportunity to prepare the further treatment. For the better understanding of congenital cleft lip diagnosis to the oral and maxillofacial surgeons, as healthcare providers, we reviewed around 19 english-written articles and summarized some knowledges of ultrasound findings in the prenatal cleft lip fetus.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.124-132
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• 2021

Purpose: Neonatal near miss (NNM) allows for the detection of risk factors associated with serious newborn complications and death, the prevention of which could reduce neonatal mortality. This study was conducted with the objective of identifying predictors for NNM in a tertiary hospital in Bangalore city. Methods: This was an unmatched case-control study involving 120 NNM cases and 120 controls. NNM was determined using Pileggi-Castro's pragmatic and management criteria. Data was collected from in-patient hospital records and interviews of postpartum mothers. Multiple logistic regression of exposure variables was performed to calculate adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Significant predictors were maternal age ≥30 years (AOR, 5.32; 95% CI, 1.12 to 9.29; P=0.041), inadequate antenatal care (ANC) (AOR, 8.35; 95% CI, 1.98 to 51.12; P=0.032), <3 ultrasound scans during pregnancy (AOR, 12.5; 95% CI, 1.60 to 97.27; P=0.016), maternal anaemia (AOR, 18.96; 95% CI, 3.10 to 116.02; P=0.001), and any one obstetric complication (hypertensive disorder in pregnancy, diabetes in pregnancy, preterm premature rupture of membranes, prolonged labour, obstructed labour, malpresentation) (AOR, 4.34; 95% CI, 1.26 to 14.95; P=0.02). Conclusion: The predictors of NNM identified has important implications for public health policy and practice whose modifications can improve NNM. These include expanding essential ANC package to include ultrasound scans, ensuring World Health Organization recommendations of eight ANC visits, capacity building at all levels of health care to strengthen routine ANC and obstetric care for effective screening, referral and management of obstetric complications.

• 대한신경집중치료학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.102-109
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• 2018

Background: A sians were known to have a relatively lower incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE), and there is insufficient evidence to suggest a specific D-dimer threshold level for screening VTE in patients with acute stroke. Methods: We prospectively enrolled patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to Jeju National University Hospital. The inclusion criteria were: 1) aged ${\geq}18$ years, 2) admission within seven days of symptom onset, and 3) an initial National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score >1 for the affected lower limb. Ultrasound scans of the lower limbs and plasma D-dimer assays were performed on days 7-14 and 15-28 after stroke onset. Results: Of 285 patients admitted during the study period, 52 patients met inclusion criteria (mean age 74.5, male 40.4%, median initial NIHSS score 12, and unable to walk unassisted at discharge 76.9%). During 7-14 days, 23 of 52 patients (44.2%) had a D-dimer level above 1.57 mg/L, and 9.6% had a level above 5.50 mg/L. Proximal deep vein thrombosis (DVT) was detected in 3 patients (5.8%, 95% confidence Interval 1.2-16.0%) on ultrasound examination. All DVTs were found in elderly female patients with severe leg weakness. No patient was diagnosed with pulmonary embolism during the study period. Conclusion: The incidence of VTE seems to be very low among Korean patients with acute ischemic stroke. Advanced age, female sex, and severe leg weakness were important risk factors for developing DVT in this study.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.15-23
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• 1997

During a 6-year period, from January 1990 to December 1995, 101 neonates with congenital anomalies were admitted to the division of Pediatric Surgery of Youngdong Severance Hospital. All of them had prenatal screening more than once with ultrasound. Fifty eight of them had prenatally detectable anomalies by ultrasonography. However abnormalities were prenatally detected in 24 neonates(41%). The detection rate was 70% in patientws who had the prenatal screening at our hospital, whereas, the rate was 24% when it was performed at other medical facilities. Duodenal and jejuno-ileal atresia showed the highest detection rate(86%) followed by abdominal mass. Esophageal atresia was suggested by maternal polyhydramnios in 3 patients (25%). Only one patient with diaphragmatic hernia(1.75%) was prenatally detected and none with gastroschisis. The mean interval from birth to operation was 32 hours in the prenatally detected patients and 50 hours in the non detected. The complication rate and the mortality after emergency operation were 20% and 7% in the detected group, and 58% and 23% in the nondetected, respectively. The average period of the hospitalization was 20 days in the detected group and 39 days in the nondetected. We conclude that the prenatal detection of anomalies is necessary to ensure adequate care for the mothers and the babies with congenital anomalies. This includes early transfer, timing of optimal delivery and operation.

• 대한정형외과 초음파학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2011

목적: 자기 공명 영상 시행 전에 내측 반월상 연골의 파열 진단에서의 초음파 검사의 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2009년 4월부터 2010년 9월까지 본원 정형외과 외래를 방문하여 내측 반월상 연골 파열 의심 하에 초음파 검사를 시행한 341예 중 자기 공명 영상 검사를 시행한 147예를 대상으로 하였다. 초음파 검사상 이상 소견을 보이지 않는 16예, 비균질성(inhomogeneity)만을 보인 12예, 무리(cluster)를 보인 4예, 실질 내에 틈(cleavage)을 보인 60예, 5 mm 이상의 내측 탈출(extrusion)을 보인 55예를 자기 공명 영상 검사 결과와 비교 하였다. 통계학적으로 민감도와 특이도, 양성 예측률과 음성 예측률을 구하였다. 결과: 자기 공명 영상에서 파열을 보인 경우는 104예였다. 초음파 검사는 자기 공명 영상에 대하여 민감도가 94.2%, 특이도는 23.3%로 측정 되었다. 양성 예측률은 74.8%, 음성 예측률은 62.5%로 측정되었다. 초음파 영상에 따른 양성 예측률은 비균질성이 보이는 경우 58.3%, 무리를 보이는 경우에는 100%, 실질 내에 틈을 보이는 경우 75%, 내측 탈출을 보이는 경우 80%로 나타났다. 결론: 내측 반월상 연골 파열의 진단에 있어 고가의 자기 공명 영상을 시행하기 전 초음파 검사는 파열 가능성 여부를 사전에 아는데 유용하였다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.59-64
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• 2010

일련의 불소화된 티아디아졸 3, 트리아졸 4, 그리고 옥사디아졸 5이 (2-(6-Methyl-2-P-tolyl-lH-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)핵종을 가지고 있는 티오세미카르바지드로 부터 합성되어진다. 초음파조사 방법 뿐만 아니라 일반적인 방법에 의해 반응이 진행되었다. 모든 생성물들은 IR, 1H NMR, MS로 구조가 결정되었고, 이들 화합물의 항균활성을 스크닝하였다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1997년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집; 한국전력공사 서울연수원; 17-18 Oct. 1997
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• pp.568-571
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• 1997

Recently, the number of techniques for analyzing medical images has been increasing in computer vision, employing X-ray CT images, ultrasound images, MR images, moire topographic images, etc. Spinal deformity is a serious problem especially for teenagers and medical doctors inspect moire topographic images of their backs visually for the primary screening. If a subject is normal, the moire image is almost symmetric with respect to the middle line of the subject's back, otherwise it shows asymmetric shape. In this paper, an image analysis technique is described for discriminating suspicious cases from normal in human spinal deformity by recognizing asymmetric moire images of human backs. The principal axes which are sensitive to asymmetry of the moire image are extracted at two parts on a subject's back and their angles are evaluated with respect to the detected middle line of the back. The two angles compose a 2-D feature space and inspected cases are divided into two clusters in the space by a linear discriminant function based on the Mahalanobis distance. Given 120 cases, 60 normal and 60 abnormal, the leave-out method was applied for the recognition and 75% recognition rate was achieved.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권13호
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• pp.5365-5370
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• 2015

Background: Combining risk factors for prostate cancer into a predictive tool may improve the detection of prostate cancer while decreasing the number of benign biopsies. We compare one such tool, age multiplied by prostate volume divided by total serum PSA (PSA-AV) with PSA density and detection of primary malignant circulating prostate cells (CPCs) in a Chilean prostate cancer screening program. The objectives were not only to determine the predictive values of each, but to determine the number of clinically significant cancers that would have been detected or missed. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted of all men undergoing 12 core ultrasound guided prostate biopsy for suspicion of cancer attending the Hospital DIPRECA and Hospital de Carabineros de Chile. Total serum PSA was registered, prostate volumecalculated at the moment of biopsy, and an 8ml blood simple taken immediately before the biopsy procedure. Mononuclear cells were obtained from the blood simple using differential gel centrifugation and CPCs identified using immunocytchemistry with anti-PSA and anti-P504S. Biopsy results were classed as positive or negative for cancer and if positive the Gleason score, number of positive cores and percent infiltration recorded. Results: A total of 664 men participated, of whom 234 (35.2%) had cancer detected. They were older, had higher mean PSA, PSA density and lower PSA-AV. Detection of CPCs had high predictive score, sensitivity, sensibility and positive and negative predictive values, PSA-AV was not significantly different from PSA density in this population. The use of CPC detection avoided more biopsies and missed fewer significant cancers.Conclusions: In this screening population the use of CPC detection predicted the presence of clinically significant prostate cancer better than the other parameters. The high negative predictive value would allow men CPC negative to avoid biopsy but remain in follow up. The formula PSA-AV did not add to the predictive performance using PSA density.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.205-211
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• 2017

비알콜성 지방간에서 지방 간염으로 진행되는 확률이 높은 중등증 이상에서 적극적인 진단과 치료가 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 비알콜성 지방간을 경도, 중등증, 중증으로 나누어 GLCM 알고리즘의 컴퓨터 분석기법을 이용하여 정량적인 방법으로 분류하였다. 또한 지방간 중에서 국소지방회피영역의 초음파영상의 특징을 알아보고자 하였다. 정상, 경도, 중등도, 중증지방간, 국소적 저지방영역, 각각 80증례를 대상으로 GLCM 알고리즘의 파라미터 중에 간초음파영상의 인식률이 높은 자기상관성, 편차의 제곱, 평균의 합, 분산의 합에 대한 값을 산출하였다. GLCM알고리즘의 파라미터 인식률의 결과는 평균 97.5%로 나타났다. 국소적 저지방 영상분석의 결과는 정상실질과 가장 유사한 값을 나타내었다. 초음파검사는 일차적인 선별검사법으로 쉽게 접근할 수 있지만 숙련도에 따라 검사방법의 정확도나 결과의 일치성 부분에서 차이가 있을 수 있다. GLCM알고리즘을 적용하여 지방간 정도를 정량적으로 분류할 수 있었으며, 국소적 저지방영역은 지방침착이 되지 않은 균질한 간실질임을 예측 가능하였다. 이러한 GLCM 컴퓨터영상분석이 지방간뿐만 아니라 다른 병변의 감별에도 중요한 정보를 제공할 것으로 판단한다.