• Title/Summary/Keyword: Screen space

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N-gram based Language Model for the QWERTY Keyboard Input Errors in a Touch Screen Environment (터치스크린 환경에서 쿼티 자판 오타 교정을 위한 n-gram 언어 모델)

  • Ong, Yoon Gee;Kang, Seung Shik
    • Smart Media Journal
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.54-59
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    • 2018
  • With the increasing use of touch-enabled mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet PCs, the works are done on desktop computers and smartphones, and tablet PCs perform laptops. However, due to the nature of smart devices that require portability, QWERTY keyboard is densely arranged in a small screen. This is the cause of different typographical errors when using the mechanical QWERTY keyboard. Unlike the mechanical QWERTY keyboard, which has enough space for each button, QWERTY keyboard on the touch screen often has a small area assigned to each button, so that it is often the case that the surrounding buttons are input rather than the button the user intends to press. In this paper, we propose a method to automatically correct the input errors of the QWERTY keyboard in the touch screen environment by using the n-gram language model using the word unigram and the bigram probability.

A Study on Design and Interpretation of Pattern Laser Coordinate Tracking Method for Curved Screen Using Multiple Cameras (다중카메라를 이용한 곡면 스크린의 패턴 레이저 좌표 추적 방법 설계와 해석 연구)

  • Jo, Jinpyo;Kim, Jeongho;Jeong, Yongbae
    • Journal of Platform Technology
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.60-70
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    • 2021
  • This paper proposes a method capable of stably tracking the coordinates of a patterned laser image in a curved screen shooting system using two or more channels of multiple cameras. This method can track and acquire target points very effectively when applied to a multi-screen shooting method that can replace the HMD shooting method. Images of curved screens with severe deformation obtained from individual cameras are corrected through image normalization, image binarization, and noise removal. This corrected image is created and applied as an Euclidean space map that is easy to track the firing point based on the matching point. As a result of the experiment, the image coordinates of the pattern laser were stably extracted in the curved screen shooting system, and the error of the target point position of the real-world coordinate position and the broadband Euclidean map was minimized. The reliability of the proposed method was confirmed through the experiment.

A Color Navigation System for Effective Perceived Structure: Focused on Hierarchical Menu Structure in Small Display (지각된 정보구조의 효과적 형성을 위한 색공간 네비게이션 시스템 연구 - 작은 디스플레이 화면상의 위계적 정보구조를 중심으로 -)

  • 경소영;박경욱;박준아;김진우
    • Archives of design research
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.167-180
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    • 2002
  • This study investigates effective ways to help users form a correct mental model of the hierarchical information space (HIS) in small display. The focus is the effect of color cue on understanding the structure and navigating the information space. The concept of color space (CS) corresponds well to the HIS - one color has a unique position in the CS as a piece of information does in HIS. In this study, we empirically examined two types of color cue, namely, categorical and depth cue. Hue was used as a categorical cue and tone was used as a depth cue. In our experiment, we evaluate the effectiveness of the color cues in the mobile internet system. Subjects were asked to perform four searching tasks and four comparison tasks. The results of experiment reveal that the categorical cues significantly improve the user's mental model whereas decrease navigation performances. The depth cues cannot aid in understanding the HIS as well as improve navigation performances. This study concludes with limitations of the study and descriptions of future studies.

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Effect of droplet protection screen height on the prevention ability of infectious droplet airborne transmission in closed space (밀폐공간에서 비말 가림막 높이에 따른 감염성 비말 공기전파 차단능력 평가)

  • Heo, Jieun;Cho, Hee-joo;Park, Hyun-Seol;Shin, Dongho;Shim, Joonmok;Joe, Yun-Haeng
    • Particle and aerosol research
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.37-42
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    • 2021
  • Although the installation of droplet protection screen (DPS) is known to prevent droplet transmission, there is still a lack of knowledge in effectiveness of DPS installation to block the airborne transmission. In this study, the prevention ability of DPS against airborne transmission was evaluated according to the DPS height. When the DPS was not installed, the maximum concentration of PM1.0 at the location opposite to infected person was 35% of that at the infected person location. When the DPS was installed, the DPS effectively prevented the airborne transmission, consequently approximately 7% of generated particles were measured at the opposite location from particle generation position (infected person location). The prevention ability of DPS increased with DPS height, the maximum prevention efficiency of 95.1% was obtained when the DPS height was 900mm. Moreover, the speed of airborne transmission was delayed by installation of DPS, and the delay time increased with DPS height.

A Study on the Effective Smoke Control Method of Large Volume Space Comparted by Smoke Reservoir Screen (제연경계벽으로 구획된 대형공간의 효과적인 제연방안에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Tae-Hoon;Kwon, In-Kyu
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.34-41
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    • 2011
  • This research examines problem that can happen in partial smoke control method among contiguity area smoke control system through engineering examination and CFD. And the ultimate purpose of this is to secure safety of a person inhabiting at fire department by presenting improvement plan. Now a days, in large space-area such as department store or mega-mall in which mainly applies "Partial Smoke Control Method", air is suppled from adjacent area and smoke is exhausted in fire room. For various reason, however, it is confirmed through simulation that if air is suppled in one direction, this can cause a fatal result to people of fire area because of the difficulty in securing the evacuation time. As an improvement plan, air is supplied at the same time in surroundings to fire department.

A Study on the Daily life Furniture in Three Kingdoms and Unified Silla Period - Based on the Sang(상) and Tap(탑) - (사료로 본 삼국 및 통일신라시대의 기거용 가구 - 床榻(상탑)을 중심으로-)

  • Lee Jeong-Mee
    • Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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    • v.14 no.5 s.52
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    • pp.80-88
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    • 2005
  • The ondol is a uniquely Korean system of providing warmth to room. The ondol rooms never use daily life furniture because the ondol warms the floor surface where people sit. Finally, the ondol floor changed the traditional housings inner space. Before use ondol where daily life furnitures[sang(상) and Tap(탑)] are installed in the room. The origin of daily life furnitures are the ancient tomb mural of Koguryo Period. The daily life furniture can be classified as three large groups in the ancient tomb mural of Koguryo. First, a single seat[Jowa-sang(좌상)] of set up a screen[병풍]. The second, It make possible Many peoples take a seat with no decoration seat[Tap(탑)]. The third, uptodately table and chairs. A radical difference between sang(상) and Tap(탑) whether set up a screen[병풍]. The meaning of sang(상) and Tap(탑) in Koguryo ancient tomb provided Oksa-jo[옥사조] in Samkuk-sagi[삼국사기] with several valuable leads to help solve the sang(상)'s meaning. Furthermore, It will be start ponit of study on constructive shape of inner space in those days.

Real-time Simulation Technique for Visual-Haptic Interaction between SPH-based Fluid Media and Soluble Solids (SPH 기반의 유체 및 용해성 강체에 대한 시각-촉각 융합 상호작용 시뮬레이션)

  • Kim, Seokyeol;Park, Jinah
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.32-40
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    • 2017
  • Interaction between fluid and a rigid object is frequently observed in everyday life. However, it is difficult to simulate their interaction as the medium and the object have different representations. One of the challenging issues arises especially in handling deformation of the object visually as well as rendering haptic feedback. In this paper, we propose a real-time simulation technique for multimodal interaction between particle-based fluids and soluble solids. We have developed the dissolution behavior model of solids, which is discretized based on the idea of smoothed particle hydrodynamics, and the changes in physical properties accompanying dissolution is immediately reflected to the object. The user is allowed to intervene in the simulation environment anytime by manipulating the solid object, where both visual and haptic feedback are delivered to the user on the fly. For immersive visualization, we also adopt the screen space fluid rendering technique which can balance realism and performance.

Mipmap-Based Deferred Soft Shadow Mapping (밉맵 기반의 지연된 부드러운 그림자 매핑)

  • Kim, Sunggoo;Lee, Sungkil
    • Journal of KIISE
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    • v.43 no.4
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    • pp.399-403
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    • 2016
  • Deferred Shading is a shading technique that postprocesses pixels in the screen space, following geometry-only rendering passes with depth buffering. Unlike typical shadow mapping techniques, this technique allows us to render shadows from multiple light sources without changing the structure of the rendering pipelines. This paper presents a deferred shadow mapping technique and its extension to soft shadows using mipmapping. Our technique first generates visibility maps from light sources, and blurs the visibility maps for deferred shading. This strategy leads to efficient soft-edged shadows, but does not incorporate depth variation, producing light bleeding to some extent. In order to suppress the light-bleeding artifacts, we also propose a depth-adaptive mipmap sampling technique in the screen space.

Global and Local Views of the Hilbert Space Associated to Gaussian Kernel

  • Huh, Myung-Hoe
    • Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.317-325
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    • 2014
  • Consider a nonlinear transform ${\Phi}(x)$ of x in $\mathbb{R}^p$ to Hilbert space H and assume that the dot product between ${\Phi}(x)$ and ${\Phi}(x^{\prime})$ in H is given by < ${\Phi}(x)$, ${\Phi}(x^{\prime})$ >= K(x, x'). The aim of this paper is to propose a mathematical technique to take screen shots of the multivariate dataset mapped to Hilbert space H, particularly suited to Gaussian kernel $K({\cdot},{\cdot})$, which is defined by $K(x,x^{\prime})={\exp}(-{\sigma}{\parallel}x-x^{\prime}{\parallel}^2)$, ${\sigma}$ > 0. Several numerical examples are given.

Vertical Space Analysis for Gradient Radiating Steel-tube Radiographic Image (경사조사(傾斜照射) 강판튜브 방사선 관측영상의 수직 방향 공간분석)

  • Hwang, Jung-Won;Hwang, Jae-Ho
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2007.04a
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    • pp.29-31
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    • 2007
  • In this paper we propose an directional analytic approach in image data space for X-ray image which is detected from the X-ray projection system. Such a radiographic nondestructive testing has long been used for steel-tube inspection and weld monitoring. The welded area and thickness of steel-tube are detected from gradient radiating mechanism based on the evaluation of biased X-ray source position. The welded area is an ellipse type on low contrast X-ray image including noise. Noise originates from most of elements of the system. such as shielding CCD camera, imaging screen, X-ray source, inspected object, electronic circuits and etc.. Projection incorrectness and noise influence on imaging quality is to be represented by vertical pixels' distribution. Space analysis due to vertical direction also shows the segmental possibility between regions by visual edge evaluation.

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