• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.57-70
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• 2008

The focus of this study was finding out the relations among resilience of children separated from parents, child rearing factors and socio-emotional adjustment in Korean and Yanbian Korean-Chinese regions. Subjects were elementary school $5{\sim}6$ graders separated from their parents(184 in Korea and 81 in Yanbian). Data analysis was by Pearson's r, F-test and t-test. Resilience of Korean-Chinese children was higher than that of Korean children. Caregivers' child rearing behavioral factor than other child rearing factors was significant for children's resilience, and especially for Korean children, caregivers' child rearing psychological factor -efficacy and stress variables- were meaningful. Socio-emotional adjustment was significantly different between resilience high and low groups in both regions. Implications are that regional differences, caregivers' psychological and behavioral child rearing factors should be considered in supporting the development of children's resilience and socio-emotional adjustment.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.580-591
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to review articles and theses on adjustment of college freshmen from domestic researches conducted during the past 11 years, to identify overall research trends, and to suggest direction and strategies for college freshman's adjustment. The final 24 articles were selected from three databases, RISS, KISS, and NAL (National assembly library) using specific inclusion criteria. Twenty were correlation studies and four were experimental studies. In 2009, the first study on adjustment of college freshmen was published. Since then several more studies have been conducted to date. This means that people have recognized the importance of adjustment of college freshmen. Twenty three studies that are reviewed used Baker and Siryk's college adjustment tool. From reviewed correlation studies, mean score of college students' adjustment was 3.25. The related variables with adjustment of college freshmen revealed 20 items, especially self-esteem, self-efficacy, and stress showed important related concepts. The general characteristics related to adjustment of freshmen were outgoing character, living with family, aged students, satisfied with the area of study, and satisfied with school life. The findings of this study indicated that colleges when planning for the freshmen orientation program should focus on improving self-efficacy of students, stress management, mentor program, and freshmen adjustment program for each department of the school and college.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.1-17
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• 2008

This study aimed at promoting interests and concerns about adolescents' behavior problems and inducing efforts for various preventive and therapeutic solutions by examining the relations of adolescents' family system types, school adjustment, and behavior problems. The subjects of this study were 1,444 middle school students who reside in Seoul and 1,382(male adolescents 747, female adolescents 635) self reported questionnaires were used for final analysis. The result of this study are as follows. First, female adolescents were experiencing more internalizing behavior problems than male adolescents. The gender difference must be considered in the prevention and solution of the behavior problems. Second, the level of adolescents' school adjustment in the maladjusted family type was the lowest, and the level of adolescents' school adjustment in the adjusted family type was the highest. Improving the level of the family functioning can effectively increase the level of the school life the most behavior problems, and those of the adjusted family type were adaptability. Third, adolescents of the maladjusted family type were experiencing the most behavior problems, and those of the adjusted family type were experiencing the least behavior problems. Fourth, if adolescents' school adjustment was in the high level, adolescents were experiencing the lower behavior problems. Therefore, developing educational and counseling programs that can constantly observe adolescents' school adjustment and improve maladjustment problems is adolescents' school adjustment and behavior problems in all family system types. Specially, the negative correlation between male adolescents' school adjustment and externalizing behavior problems and the negative correlation between female adolescents' school adjustment and internalizing behavior problems were higher in the maladjusted family type and middle-adjusted family than in the adjusted family.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.59-69
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• 1999

The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between self-esteem and adjustment in early adolescence. The survey data was collected from 497 middle school students who were living at Pusan Korea. The participants completed the multidimensional Self-Esteem Inventory, constructed by the present researchers, the depression scale, and the life-satisfaction scale. The major findings of this study were as follows. The depression of adolescents was affected by the self-esteem related to home, peer, physical-appearance, and personality subdimenions. The importance of and the level of self-esteem about physical-appearance have an interactive effect on adolescents' depression. The life satisfaction of adolescents was affected by the self-esteem related to home, peer, physical-appearance, and academic-general areas.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.241-248
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• 2024

The purpose of this study sought to examine the mediating effect of social support in the relationship between adolescents' family strength and school life adjustment. For this purpose, a survey was conducted from May 2023 to June 2023 on youth attending middle and high schools in Daegu and Gyeongbuk, and statistical analysis was performed on the data of 768 people without missing data using SPSS 21.0 program. The results of this study were as follows. First, the family strength perceived by adolescents was found to have a significant positive effect on school life adaptation. Second, the family strength perceived by adolescents was found to have a significant positive effect on social support. Third, social support was found to have a positive and significant effect on school life adaptation. Fourth, social support showed a partial mediating effect in the relationship between adolescents' perceived family strength and school life adjustment. These research results have implications in that they provide empirical evidence to help adolescents adapt well to school life based on healthy family relationships. In addition, we hope that this will serve as a practical basis for the use of parent education programs and family counseling programs that help adolescents adapt well to school life by eliciting social support through positive family functions at home.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.225-235
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• 2011

Purpose: To describe psychosocial adjustment of low-income Koreans who have cancer. Methods: Data were collected during 2008 using individual in-depth interviews with 18 Korean people with cancer. The income status of the participants was low, 11 were recipients of the National Basic Livelihood Protection program. Mean age was 58.3 yr and 11 were female. Five participants had stomach cancer, five, colorectal cancer, and four, breast cancer. Data were analyzed using grounded theory methodology. Results: The core category emerged as 'bearing up alone with double suffering'. 'Poverty and cancer: A double suffering' emerged as a causal condition. The adjustment process consisted of three stages: 'forming a treatment will to live', 'practicing for the cure', and 'restructuring self and repaying favors'. Each stage indicated action-interaction strategies which were employed to bear up alone with double suffering during the illness process. Self-reflection, parental responsibility, and support from the public sector played important roles in overcoming the double suffering. Two types of consequences were identified: Transcended life and strained life suppressed by poverty and cancer. Conclusion: The results provide insights into the psychosocial adjustment process for low income Korean with cancer and can be used in developing and implementing efficient home-care services for these people.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.57-74
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• 1999

The present investigation of the relations among economic hardship, parental child-rearing attitudes and adjustment in adolescence was carried out with 528 middle school children and their mothers in Kyung-gi province. Questionnaires for mothers were on economic stress, and children's questionnaires were on perceived parental attitudes as well as their own adjustment behaviors, such as aggression, depression, and negative self-concept. Adolescent boys perceived paternal child-rearing attitudes more rejecting and inconsistent when the family experienced income loss. Paternal nurturing behaviors perceived by children were also reduced under poor paternal working conditions. Change in family life style due to economic hardship resulted in higher adolescent depression.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.23 no.4 s.76
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• pp.55-65
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• 2005

Although increasing number of children are being raised by grandparents these days, little research exists on the development of the children in this arrangement. This study aimed at examining school adjustment of the children raised by grandparents, by comparing academic achievement and general classroom and school behaviors of the children in grandparent families with those of their peers from other types of families such as two-parents, single parent, kinship and institution care, and single parent with grandparent(s). Three hundred and twenty four 2nd graders md two hundred ninety eight 5th graders were surveyed for this study. It was found that children raised solely by grandparents did quite well, relative to children in traditional families where two parents were present. Children from single-parent families were significantly worse in school achievement and study habits than children in traditional nuclear families. Girls obtained higher scores on school achievement and study habits whereas they showed lower scores on problem behaviors than boys. There was also an interaction effect between family structure and gender of child in school achievement.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.513-521
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• 2024

This study aims to investigate how the social capital of middle school students is influenced by their grades, attitudes, and school interests, which are defined as school adjustment flexibility, and how they affect the social capital of middle school students. This study aims to provide a basis for policy discussions on how to shape the social capital of adolescents. The results of the analysis show that school adjustment flexibility has an impact on each factor of social capital. Trust is positively related to school attitudes, and norms are positively related to school compliance and school interest. Network has a positive effect on school attitude and a negative effect on school enjoyment. These results suggest that the higher the ability to follow the rules, the higher the norms of social capital, which suggests that social norms internalized at the individual level also affect group norms, which are the standards of behavior or rituals that members of a group follow when they want to behave as expected of them. We were able to find out that the normative domain of social capital is expanded by increasing the interest in school life of elementary and middle school students, and we confirmed that school class attitude is a major influencing factor in developing the network of social capital. Therefore, in order to increase the social capital capacity of elementary and middle school students, it is necessary to devise a plan to form various networks through multifaceted efforts to increase interest in school life and changes in school class attitude.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.35-51
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• 1986

The purpose of this study is to establish family life cycle of farm and to analyze changes of economic conditions-income, consumption expenditures, savings, assets, and debts-in farm household according to the family life cycle. Income, consumption expenditures, savings, assets, and debts functions are also estimated by age of household head. The data of Farm Household Economy Survey which was conducted in 1983 by Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries is used in this study. Among total data of 2000, 1603 are analyzed for mean, percentage, and regression using CRISP Program at Office of Rural Development. The results of study can be summarized as follows; 1) Eight stages of family life cycle of farm are established according to the growth of the first child. They are: Establishment stage, Child bearing and preschool stage, Elementary school stage, Middle and high school stage, College and vocational adjustment stage, Period of children's marriage, Re-adjustment stage, and isorganizing stage. 2) The economic conditions of farm household are significantly fluctuated by family life cycle. Among the eight stages, stage Ⅱ is considered relatively comfortable living period and stage Ⅲ, Ⅳ are the most difficult periods of farm household economy. 3) The estimated functions of income, consumption expenditures, savings, assets, and debts by age of household head are as follows; Y(income) = 2, 354, 832+98,456T-1,036T2(F=11.746) C(consumption expenditures) = 81,876+154,976T-1,552T2 (F=37.272) S(savings) = 2,272,956+56,511T+516T2(F=4.262) D(debts) = 903,929+28,300T-438T2(F=3.339) A(assets) = 200,816+1,213,336T-12,930T2(F=21.069) To carry on a reasonable farm household management, a suitable measure to cope with the desire of family and the economic conditions of farm household should be prepared.