• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.9 no.spc
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• pp.89-105
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• 2003

The purpose of this paper is to explore Korean adolescents' understanding of safety using the indigenous psychologies approach. This paper examines Korean adolescents' experience of the type of accidents they were involved in, what they perceived to be the cause of the accident, the type of social support received after the accident, and the prevention needed to avoid future accidents. The indigenous understanding of accidents is examined according to the grade level of the students, gender, and safety efficacy beliefs. Second, to examine the changes in the safety efficacy beliefs, the differences across primary, junior high, and senior high school students are examined. Third, the relationship between safety efficacy belief and attitudes toward preventing future accidents is explored. Third, the parental influence on adolescents' safety efficacy belief is examined by analyzing the influence of their socio-economic status and their safety efficacy belief on their children's safety efficacy belief and behavior. The review of the results can be summarized into the following five main points: (1) decrease in safety efficacy belief with increasing age, (2) positive relationship between safety efficacy belief and behavior, (3) the utility of the indigenous psychologies approach, (4) the parental influence on their children's safety efficacy beliefs and behavior, and (5) the need to further explore, promote, and educate the importance of human life and quality of life by preventing accidents and promoting safety consciousness and behavior in Korea.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.115-132
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• 2024

The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of music therapy on enhancing self-awareness and intrinsic motivation among patients with schizophrenia, particularly those experiencing motivational deficits. This study, primarily based on quantitative analyses supplemented by qualitative insights, included six adults (three males and three females) across 8 weekly sessions proactive music activities based on the exploration of musical emotion, each lasting 60 minutes, from October 5 to November 16, 2023. Data collection and analysis focused on the last five sessions, from the fourth to the eighth. Although no statistically significant changes were detected, likely due to the study's short duration, qualitative data from in-depth interviews indicate that music therapy contributed to enhanced motivation and improved self-perception in participants. They demonstrated better emotional articulation, self-awareness, and communication skills, which not only increased their intrinsic motivation but also led to an improved perception of their life quality. Individual variability was noted, however, indicating that these outcomes could differ among participants. These results highlight music therapy's potential as a valuable intervention for enhancing self-awareness and reigniting motivation in individuals with schizophrenia, suggesting a further research to corroborate these findings over longer periods.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to identify the role of each party in relation to the contract farming of cabbage which is taking place under the contract between the local trader of agricultural produce that supplies raw cabbage to company "D," a manufacturer of kimchi, and the cabbage farm where the cabbage is grown, and to describe the changes brought by the contract farming to the agriculture of the contract area. As a result of the study, it was discovered that, while the farming of cabbage in the contract area used to be led by farmers, it is now increasingly being controlled by the local traders of agricultural produce. First, as the key player in the decision-making related to the cabbage farming in the main cabbage producing areas, local traders of agricultural produce are replacing the role of farmers by supervising the entire production process and controlling the overall cabbage farming in the contract area. Second, in the main cabbage producing areas, local traders of agricultural produce are becoming a key farming entity by carrying out functions that are comparable to those of farmers and playing a major role in the second half of the agricultural work at the farms in the contract area. This can be considered as the result of the balance between the demands of the local traders of agricultural produce who need to secure contract volume and manage the quality of their produce and the demands of the farmers in key cabbage producing areas who are facing difficulties due to the increase in the number of elderly farmers and a shortage of manpower.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.251-262
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• 2023

In this study, we examine other factors that may contribute to the decline in students' academic performance and educational attainment. Many media reports, as well as previous studies, have suggested that virtual learning is the main reason for the decline in students' academic performance. However, the 2020 National Student Achievement Survey, which was conducted in conjunction with the COVID-19 Distance Learning Environment Student Survey, showed that students were highly satisfied with distance learning (70-80%), and the analysis of the National Assessment of Educational Achievement showed that students' academic performance had already been declining year by year since 2017, with a general downward curve. For further confirmation, we analyzed the performance of high school students on mock exams and found that their performance was not normally distributed, but rather a right-skewed U-shaped distribution with a shrinking number of medians and severe polarization. We found that this phenomenon is not simply because of the mode or quality of the virtual classroom, but to a variety of factors, including environmental influences such as care and management at home, changes in investment in private education, increased time spent on online devices while taking virtual classes at the bottom, and increased time spent watching online content, games, and videos that are not related to learning.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.83 no.6
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• pp.1259-1272
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• 2022

Purpose As part of ongoing efforts to improve the current e-learning center, a survey was conducted regarding user experience and satisfaction to identify areas of improvement. Materials and Methods Radiologists (n = 454/617) and radiology residents (n = 163/617) of the Korean Society of Radiology were asked to answer a survey via email. The questionnaire asked for basic user information as well as user experiences relating to the e-learning center, such as workplace, frequency of use, overall satisfaction levels, reasons for satisfaction or dissatisfaction, and other suggestions for improvement. Results Annual members and all members of the e-learning center reported above average satisfaction levels of 67% and 42%, respectively. Approximately 30% of respondents viewed e-learning center lectures more than 5 times a month, with residents having a particularly high usage frequency. There was a high demand for additional lectures covering more diverse specialties (e-learning for annual members only: n = 28/97, e-learning for all members: n = 72/166), a smoother and more convenient searching platform/interface (n = 37/97 and n = 58/166, respectively), and regular content updates. In addition, many of the members suggested the addition of user-friendly functions such as playback speed control, a way to save viewing history, as well as requests for improved system stability. Conclusion Based on survey results, the educational committee plans to continue its efforts to improve the e-learning center by increasing the quality and quantity of available lectures, and increasing technical support to improve the stability and convenience of the e-learning digital system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.33-50
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• 2023

This study is to propose the ecosystem service valuation method as a complementary or alternative tool to overcome the limitations of the contingent valuation method(CVM), typically used to assess social benefits in preliminary feasibility studies. With an increasing interest in natural and environmental restoration projects, we assessed social benefits with theses CVM and ecosystem service valuation method from a case of Janghang wetland restoration project and compared the extent of the two social benefits. For quantitative evaluation of ecosystem services, the biophysical quantity for each ecosystem service indicator was calculated and then converted into currency (KRW) units to estimate the economic value of ecosystem services. The four ecosystem regulating service indicators were selected including greenhouse gas capture/storage, air pollution, water quantity and quality regulation. The amounts of CO₂ sequestration and storage as a ecosystem's greenhouse gas regulating service in the study area were 73.04 tCO₂/yr and 5,867.53 tCO₂/yr respectively. The reduction of SO₂, one of air pollutant gases by ecosystems was calculated to be 180.27 kg/yr, the reduction of NO₂ to be 378.90 kg/yr, and the reduction of fine dust (PM10) to be 9,713.92 kg/yr. The amount of freshwater regulating service by the ecosystem was estimated to be 459,394,319ℓ/yr, and the amount of nitrogen in freshwater removed by the ecosystem was 78.00kg/yr. Study results show that the benefits derived from the CVM were KRW 227.8 billion over the 30-year analysis period and those from the ecosystem service valuation method were KRW 41.4 billion for regulatory services and KRW 148.8 billion for cultural services, totaling KRW 189.5 billion. With KRW 184.8 billion of the total costs, the benefit/cost ratio using the CVM was 1.23 and that with the ecosystem service valuation method was 1.03. This study implications include that the CVM and ecosystem service valuation method can be applied together to assess and compare social benefits for natural and environmental restoration projects.

• Journal of Ginseng Culture
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• v.6
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• pp.116-134
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• 2024

This study aimed to identify the issues in Korean ginseng exports through analyzing the ginseng market. Therefore, the study examined the current ginseng production status in South Korea and China, the major ginseng-producing countries in Northeast Asia, including cultivated areas, harvested areas, and production volumes. For South Korea, specific data on ginseng, such as average prices, operating costs, and production costs, were compiled to demonstrate the production competitiveness of Korean ginseng from a production perspective. Furthermore, as major ginseng-exporting countries, South Korea, China, and Hong Kong's export trends, including export quantities, export values, and export prices, as well as crucial export items and tariff rates, were summarized to showcase the export competitiveness of Korean ginseng. Additionally, this study aimed to understand the consumption patterns of ginseng in China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan by presenting various cases and events in these countries. Based on information related to production, export, and consumption, this study identified obstacles in the ginseng export process, including market downturns, weakened price competitiveness of Korean ginseng, increased market share of competing products like Chinese and Western ginseng, a lack of promotion and marketing, and insufficient development and export of various ginseng products. In response, strategies for overcoming these obstacles were proposed, including diversifying exports, establishing effective production systems, enhancing quality and branding, strengthening promotion and marketing efforts, and developing various ginseng products.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.43-57
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• 2024

As coastal areas have a distinct nature with the interaction of the lands and waters, they attract people to enjoy and experience the natural environments physically and intellectually; this generates cultural ecosystem services. Coastal beaches are one of the most common coastal areas for cultural ecosystem services. The purpose of this study was to 1) estimate the economic values of cultural ecosystem services derived from coastal beaches, and 2) expand the estimated values into other beaches across the country using a benefit transfer method. We divided the values of cultural ecosystem services into five different categories based on an extensive literature review: recreation and tourism, landscape and aesthetic, educational, heritage, and inspirational values. The values of tourism and recreation, landscape and aesthetic, and educational services were estimated using the choice experiments. The attributes of the choice experiments consisted of conservation funds, litter, water quality, seascape, landscape, and biodiversity, and the data were collected through online surveys with visitors of 11 representative beaches in Korea. Heritage and inspiration services were estimated using a market goods method based on their expenditures. These values were transferred to 257 beaches across the country. Study results can be used for policy decisions on various restoration and conservation projects caused by coastal erosion and development and on the need and extent of public investments.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.146-156
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• 2024

Background: Children who use playground facilities are exposed to potential risks due to the high concentration of heavy metals contained in the finishing materials of facilities in children's playgrounds. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the concentration of heavy metals in the finishing materials of outdoor children's playgrounds where harmful heavy metals exist in Gwangju and to conduct human risk assessment for children and adults by age to find the risks and limitations. Methods: The bottom and top layers of double-painted paint were peeled off and collected together from the finishing materials of children's play facilities such as slides, swings, and seesaws in 147 children's parks in Gwangju. Heavy metals were analyzed using ICP-OES, etc., and human risk assessment was performed using the concentrations of heavy metals. Results: Based on 1.0E-04, which requires legal regulation, CTE was found to pose a carcinogenic risk for preschool children and no carcinogenic risk for the rest of the age groups. However, RME showed that both men and women of all ages had a carcinogenic risk. For reference, when the carcinogenic risk was based on 1.0E-06, CTE was found to pose a carcinogenic risk from infants to elementary school students, and RME was found to have a carcinogenic risk in all age groups. It was judged that there is a non-carcinogenic risk if the non-carcinogenic risk exceeds 1 based on the hazard index (HI) 1. In CTE, there was no non-carcinogenic risk, and RME for preschooler males (1.49E+00) and females (1.56E+00) were found to have non-carcinogenic risk. Conclusions: This study was meaningful in that it examines the differences in the current management of heavy metals concentration standards and potential carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks to the human body and discusses the relationship between heavy metals and human health effects.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.51-71
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• 2016

Tourism products are intangible goods. Given this nature, tourist experience should be recorded and visualized through media, such as pictures, videos, and souvenir. Online platforms played the role of media given the growth of information and communication technology. Tourists post their travels for real-time documentation of their experiences, but they also tend to reminisce about past experiences that they posted on social media. Social media is not only a channel of self-presentation or a means of communication with other people, but it also serves as an archive of electronic records to bring back memories. Given this finding, we investigated the impact of social media on the autobiographical memory (recollection and vividness) of tourists and their intention to revisit a certain destination. The results showed social media interface and the impact of display quality on the recollection and vivid memory. The predictor of memory recollection of tourists is intention to revisit a destination. Social media is considered an archive of travel memory that indulges people to reminisce. Theoretical and practical implications were provided based on these results.