• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.467-481
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• 1998

The purpose of this survey, in which 2754 students from 35 middle schools from Taegu city participated, was to identify the degree and the relationship of sexual knowledge, sexual attitude and need for sex education. This information will provide useful data, and promote a more systematic, desirable and practical sex education. The data was collected from September 1 to November 8, 1997. Data was analyzed using the statistical computer package, SPSS to manipulate the data along with percentage, mean, $X^2$-test. t-test, F-test and Pearson correlation coefficient. The results from this study were summarized as follows: 1. The mean score of sex related knowledge showed significant differences between boys and girls in general knowledge(boys: 10.85 girls: 11.71, p=0.000), in the area of physical development(boys : 5.29 girls: 5.72, p=0.000), pregnancy & physiology (boys: 3.23 girls: 3.57, p=0.000) and venereal disease (boys: 2.33 girls: 2.42, p=0.000). 2. The mean score of sex related attitudes showed a significant differences between boys and girls on the whole(boys : 57.68 girls: 58.92, p=0.000), in the area of psychological differences of the other sex (boy: 26.13, girls: 28.08, p=0.000), and sexual delinquency and its prevention(boy: 14.28, girls: 13.68, p=0.000). However, in the area of other sex friendships (boy: 17.28, girls: 17.16, p=0.274). There were no significant differences between boys and girls. 3. Those who had a higher sex related knowledge score showed more positive attitudes towards sex, but was of no statistical significance(r= 0.312, p=0.000). 4. The majority of subjects wanted to learn about friendship with the other sex(40.1%), about physical and psychological differences in adolescence(24.0%), about prevention of sexual violence(15.0%), about pregnancy and delivery (7.5%), about venereal disease and medical cures(7.3%), about contraception methods (4.3%), as well as other aspects of sexual knowledge (1.8%), 5. The mean score of sex related knowledge generally was higher when one paid a lot of attention to health (F= 3. 148, p=0.014), when one's father was alive(t=3.930, p=0.000), and when one's mother was alive(t=2.807, p=0.005), Hobby activities also showed a significant difference(F=9.092, p=0.000). The mean score of sex related knowledge generally according higher when one had sex education(F=9.470, p=0.000), when one obtained sexual knowledges from a teacher (F = 5. 742, p=0.000), and when one had middle grade problems with sex(F=13.58 4, p=0.000). 6. The mean score of sex related attitudes generally showed significant differences when re ligion(F=2.691, p=0.03), hobbies (F= 3.499, p= 0.002) were considered. Those who had a father also had higher scores(t=2.538, p= 0.011). The mean score of sex related attitudes generally with respect to a subject's sex was higher when one had sex education(t=5.338, p= 0.000), when one had high grade problems with sex(F=6.023, p=0.002), and when one had the experience of friendship with the other sex(t= 8.106, p=0.000), The following suggestions are based on the above results, 1. Systematic sex education must be performed in middle schools in order to establish responsible attitudes toward sex, 2. Sexual knowledge, attitude, and general sex education classes must be performed seperately for early, middle, and late adolescents, In other words sex education programs are needed for each adolescent development stage.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2012

이 연구는 2007년 개정 교육과정에 따라 출판된 실과 및 기술 가정 교과서(총 16종)의 '인간발달과 가족'영역의 학습 내용요소를 분석하여, 2007개정 교육과정에서 표방한 초등과 중등의 연계성이 잘 이루어졌는가를 평가하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 학습 내용의 수직적 연계성은 발전, 반복, 격차, 축소의 기준을 적용하여 분석하였다. 또 내용 기준은 '인간발달과 가족'영역을 "인간발달, 인간관계, 결혼과 가족생활, 가족 돌보기와 가족 복지"의 4개 기준으로 분류하고 이 기준에 속하는 14개 내용요소가 각 학년의 교과서에 어떻게 반영되어 있는가를 분석하였다. 분석의 결과, 먼저 <발전>을 보인 내용요소는 인간발달 과정, 인간발달 특성, 가족관계, 의사소통, 이성교제와 배우자 선택, 결혼과 가정의 의의, 가족의 기초개념 이해, 가족의 변화와 가족 문제 해결에 관한 내용 요소이었다. <반복>을 보인 내용요소는 없었으나, <축소>를 보인 내용요소는 친구 관계, <격차>를 보인 내용요소는 5학년과 7학년의 '인간 발달 특성', '성에 대한 이해 및 임신 출산'에 대한 내용요소였다. 교육과정을 연계성 측면에서 평가할 때, 발전으로 분석된 내용요소는 교육과정에 위계성을 가지고 적절하게 구성된 내용요소들로 평가할 수 있다. 그러나 반복이나 격차, 축소로 분석된 내용요소는 차기 교육과정 개정에서 이들 내용요소에 대한 재검토를 필요로 한다. 특히 축소로 분석된 '친구관계'와 격차로 분석된 '성에 대한 이해와 임신 출산'의 내용요소는 아동후기와 청소년기의 발달에서 또래관계의 중요성이나 사춘기가 조기화되는 발달의 측면을 고려할 때, 초등단계의 교육내용에 반영할 것을 제언한다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.137-155
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of sex education on knowledge and attitude related to sex. The subjects were taken from by 199 students in 3 classes from 1st grade in H girl's junior high school as the study group, and 2 classes from 1st grade in S girl's junior high school as control group. During the survey period(September 21, 1998 to September 30, 1998), 6 times in terms of one-hour class for sex education were taught to the study group. A pre-test was executed on September 19, 1998 and the post-test on September 30. The findings were as follows. 1. According to the research, 20.1％ of the subjects have experienced sex education from parents and 89.9％ from teacher. They have mostly obtained the sex-related information from teachers(59.8％), following movie, radio, TV, or video tape(40.7％), friends(35.2％), reading materials such as books, cartoons, news papers and magazines(31.7％), parents(15.6％), siblings(7.0％), PC(1.5％) and telephone service(1.5％). 2. 27.1％ of the subjects reported that they had sex-related worry concerning from friendship with the opposite sex, following physiological phenomenon(31.5％), sex violence(11.1％), physical characteristics(7.4％), VD and contraception(5.6％), sexual impulse(5.6％), pregnancy and delivery(5.5％), and sexual behaviour(3.7％). The research showed that the adolescents usually solved their problems through the consultation with theifriends(44.4％). However, 16.7％ of the subjects were turned out not to request any solution. The other minor routes to settle their problems were written materials such as books, magazines(13.0％), parents(13.0％), movie, radio, TV, or video tape(5.5％), acquainted female elders(3.7％) and teachers(3.7％). 3. The most interesting part regarding sex was the friendship with the opposite sex(61.8％), following adolescent's emotion(55.8％), physiological differences between two genders(52.8％), AIDS(48.7％), VD(46.7％), pregnancy(45.2％), contraception(45.2％), abortion(41.7％), intercourse(41.7％), masturbation(41.2％), sex violence(41.2％) and genital structure and secondary sexual characteristics(28.6％). 4. In regard to characteristics of the subjects influencing sex-related knowledge, the higher educational career of mother, living with at least either parent and the experience of sex education by teachers were statistically significant factors(p〈0.05). 5. In regard to characteristics of the subjects influencing attitudes toward sex, the experience of sex education by parents or teachers was a statistically significant factor(p〈0.05). 6. The analysis of knowledge score comparing results before and after sex education showed that control group's score decreased from 12.5 to 12.44 while the study group's score increased from 12.33 to 21.31, which was statistically significant(p〈0.001). 7. The analysis of the attitude scores before and after sex education showed that the control group's score slightly increased from 55.57 to 56.36, while the study group's score increased from 54.79 to 61.95, which was statistically significant(p〈0.001). 8. The level of sex-related concerns of the study group after sex education marked both the increase in some items and the decrease in others. 9. Most instructive session among the sex education was the third “to be a good friend to the opposite sex”(27.0％).

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.15-33
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• 2007

본 연구의 목적은 전통적인 평가의 대안으로 제안된 수행평가의 한 방법인 포트폴리오를 가정교과 수업에 적용하였을 때 학생들의 학습태도 향상에 효과가 있는지 알아보는 데 있다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, '반바지 만들기' 단원에 총 13차시의 교수 학습지도안과 수업 활동지, 수업 자료, 평가 자료 등의 포트폴리오 자료를 개발하였다. 둘째, '반바지 만들기' 단원에 포트폴리오 자료를 적응한 수업이 학생들의 학습태도를 긍정적으로 변화시키고, 우월감, 자신감, 흥미, 목적의식, 성취동기, 주의집중, 자율학습, 교우관계 등의 향상에도 매우 효과적이었다. 셋째, 포트폴리오 적용 수업에 대한 학생들의 인식을 분석한 결과, 포트폴리오 적용 수업을 계속 진행하는 것에 대해 90% 이상의 학생이 긍정적인 반응을 보였다. 그 이유로는 '공부에 도움이 된다, 수업시간에 집중이 잘 된다, 만족감과 자신감이 생긴다, 스스로 공부하는 능력이 길러진다'라는 의견이 있었고, 반면에 포트폴리오 적용 수업의 단점으로 '포트폴리오를 작성하는데 시간이 많이 소요된다, 과제가 있어 부담스러웠다'라는 의견이 있었다. 이상의 결과로 중학교 기술 가정 의생활 단원에서 학생들의 흥미를 높이고 학습태도를 향상시킬 수 있는 교수학습 방법의 개발이 많이 이루어지기를 기대한다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.123-139
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• 2002

This study was conducted to identify the level of sexual awareness and the demand for sex education, to investigate the attitude toward and acceptance of heterosexual friendship, and to identify the experience and direction of sex education of parents. The data were collected from 119 parents with high school students by the structured questionnaire from June 1, 2001 to August 31, 2001. Parents and teachers showed a similar attitude on sexual awareness, but teenagers showed a different attitude. In terms of the level of feeling of and interest in 'sex', teenagers, parents and teachers were comfortably accepting it. As for sexual curiosity in puberty, 84.8% of the parents and 95.5% of the teachers responded that it was natural, whereas only 14.7% of teenagers responded that it was natural. But As for the item that 'sex is natural as one of human needs', 3.6% of the teenagers, 16.8% of the parents and only 1.2% of the teachers responded that it was not. As for the item that 'Man have a stronger sexual impulse than woman", 6.1% of the teenagers, 16.8% of the parents and 17.3% of the teachers responded that it was not. This indicates that teenagers have a far stronger sexist awareness, which also reflect that the sex culture of Korean society that regards sex as man's sexual monopoly. 64.2% of the teenagers and 90.2% of the teachers responded that it was impossible to overcome the sexual impulse, whereas only 8.4% of the parents responded that it was possible. As for the item of masturbation, 64.5% of the teenagers responded that it was possible for male students and not possible for female students. 67.2 of the parents and 91.1% of the teachers responded that it was possible regardless of sex. In case of pregnancy in adolescence, most of the responding teenagers, parents and teachers chose abortion. This indicates that respondents have a poor basic understanding of the life-despising climate, responsible sexual intercourse and motherhood protection. As for the item of 'female refusal on male sexual approach', respondents accepted female refusal as it was in orders of teachers, parents and adolescents. As for item of 'An assaulter is entirely to blame for sexual assault', all of three groups responded in the affirmative.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권17호
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• pp.7389-7394
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• 2014

Background: Chemotherapy is one of the major means for control of malignancies, with cisplatin (CDDP) as one of the main agents, widely used for the treatment of various malignant solid tumors. However, prevention of hepatotoxicity from cisplatin is one of the urgent issues in cancer chemotherapy. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of pu-erh tea on hepatotoxicity through body weight and tissue antioxidant parameters like, liver coefficient, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), malondialdehyde(MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels, and light microscopic evaluation by histological findings. Materials and Methods: The rats were randomly divided into five groups: Control (n=10), cisplatin (3 mg/kg p.i., n=10), cisplatin+pu-erh (0.32 g/kg/day i.g., n=10), cisplatin+pu-erh (0.8 g/kg/day i.g., n=10) and cisplatin+pu-erh (1.6 g/kg/day i.g., n=10). Pu-erh tea powder was administrated for 31 consecutive days. The rats were sacrificed at the end on the second day after a single dose of cisplatin treatment for measuring indices. Results: Pu-erh tea powder exhibited a protective effect by decreasing MDA and GSH and increasing the SOD and GSH-PX levels and GSH-PX/MDA ratio in camparison with the control group. Besides, pu-erh tea was also able to alleviate the pathological damage to some extent. Conclusion: Pu-erh tea powder is protective against cisplatin-induced liver oxidative damages, especially at the medium dosage (0.8 g/kg/d).

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.35-50
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• 2019

본 연구는 중학생을 대상으로 '가족의 이해'단원에 행복교육을 적용하여 교수·학습 과정안을 개발한 후 가정교과 수업에 실행함으로서 학생들의 주관적 행복감을 높이고 긍정적인 인간관계를 형성하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 개발은 ADDIE에 따라 2009개정 교육과정과 서울대학교 행복연구센터에서 개발한 행복교과서의 내용을 분석한 후 교육목표와 수업목표를 설정하고 학습주제와 학습내용을 선정하였다. 이를 토대로 행복교과서의 9가지 행복 구성요소를 적용하여 15차시의 교수·학습 과정안과 학습자료(학습 활동지13개, 읽기자료 6개, 파워포인트 자료 13개, 동영상 8개)를 개발하고 수업 효과성을 검증하기 위한 설문지를 개발하여 2017년 3월 13일부터 7월 7일까지 충청북도 소재의 M중학교 3학년 4개 학급의 남녀 71명을 대상으로 연구자가 직접수업에 적용하고, 70명의 학생 설문 결과를 분석하였다. 본 교수·학습 과정안의 수업 후 학생들의 주관적 행복감과 교우관계가 통계적으로 유의미하게 향상되었고 가족관계에 대한 인식이 긍정적으로 변화된 것으로 나타났다. 또한 본 교수·학습 과정안의 수업운영 방식에 대한 학생평가는 행복연습의 학생활동과 모둠활동의 수업방식을 만족하였고, 이런 학생 참여 수업 방식이 본 수업에 가장 적합한 수업방식인 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통해 행복교육을 적용한 '가족의 이해'단원 교수·학습 과정안의 개발과 실행이 학생들의 행복 역량을 기를 수 있는 태도를 함양하여 주관적 행복감을 향상시키고, 학생들에게 가족에 대한 이해와 긍정적 가치관 및 관점을 갖게 하였으며, 교우관계 증진에도 효과가 있었음을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 가정교과에서 행복교육이 적극적으로 이루어지도록 하기 위한 것이며, 학교교육현장에서 더욱 다양하게 개발되고 활용되어지길 기대한다.

• 초등상담연구
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.485-504
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• 2012

이 연구의 목적은 학교폭력의 예방과 대책에 관한 인식에 있어서 교대생과 초등교사의 차이를 비교하는 것이었다. 이를 위해서 이 연구에서는 교대생 600명과 초등교사 400명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 이중 교대생 451명과 초등교사 289명의 응답 결과를 기초로 학교폭력에 노출된 경험과 심각성 인식, 학교폭력의 원인, 예방 및 대책에 대한 인식, 그리고 '학교폭력의 예방과 대책' 관련 교과의 개설 및 교육적 요구를 조사하여 반응 백분율과 평균 및 표준편차를 산출하고 두 집단 간 반응 차이의 유의도를 비교하였다. 이 연구에서 밝혀진 주요결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교대생과 초등교사의 절반 이상이 학창 시절 학교폭력을 경험한 적이 있고, 학교폭력이 상당히 심각하다고 인식하고 있으며 그 비율은 초등교사가 교대생보다 유의하게 높다. 둘째, 그들은 '가정의 붕괴와 자녀에 대한 부모의 관심 부족'과 '왜곡된 친구관계와 학교폭력서클의 만연'을 학교폭력의 주요원인으로 인식하고 있으며, '감정조절 능력의 부족'과 '사회적 대처 기술의 부족'을 각각 가해 원인과 피해 원인으로 인식한다. 셋째, 그들은 학생들의 학교폭력을 목격할 때 관련 학생의 학부모와 면담하여 협조를 구하거나 책임교사(또는 상담교사)와 학교 당국에 알려 적극적으로 대처할 필요가 있다고 인식하면서도 그와 관련된 어려움을 함께 호소하고 있다. 넷째, 그들은 정부의 '학교폭력근절 종합대책'에 대해 중요성은 비교적 높게 인식한 반면 정책의 실효성에 대해서는 상대적으로 낮게 인식하고 있다. 끝으로, 그들은 교사양성기관에 '학교폭력의 예방과 대책' 교과목을 개설하는 것에 대체로 찬성하며, 그 비율은 교대생이 초등교사보다 유의하게 높다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.57-71
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• 1983

Sex education is necessary for the youth that they should have an adequate sexual knowledge, attitudes and behaviors in their adolescent period. Four major objectives of this study are as follows; 1. To know the level of sexual knowledge of commercial girl's high school students in Seoul. 2. To know their actual state for the attitudes and behaviors toward sex. 3. To compare the sexual knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of day time school students with those of night time school students. 4. To compare the factors associated with their sexual knowledge, attitudes and behaviors with the individual level. Data were collected on 986 students in Seoul from April 1 to April 10, 1983. As the result of this survey, the following conclusions were obtained. 1. The level of sexual knowledge. (1) The level of knowledge of day time high school students about the physiology of female and pregnancy is shown higher than those of night time students. 64.2% of the respondents are aware of the organ producing ovum. 56.4% the ovulation period. 95.6% the cause of pregnancy. 74.5% the pregnantable period and 12.7% the place of fetilization. (2) Out of 986 respondents. 71.8% knew about contraceptive method correctly, and day time school students knew litter better than night time school students, by showing 73.9% and 69.7% respectively. They knew about contraceptive method with 'oral pills'. 'menstrual cycles', 'condoms'. and 'loops' in the same order. 3) Kinds of veneral disease was correctly known by 37.9%. Day time students knew much better than night time school students. by showing 67.8% and 7.9%. respectively. Transmission method of veneral disease was correctly known by 28.3%. Day time students knew much better than night time students, by showing 51.2% and 5.3%, respectively. (4) The major information source of sexual knowledge was 'book and magazine' (39.9%) and 'friends' (27.4%). 2. Actual state of attitudes and behaviors toward sex. (1) Out of 986 respondents, 84.0% answered that premarital purity should be kept. (2) Out of 986 respondents, 60.8% had an acquaintance of the opposite sex. 45.2% of students with opposite sex reported introduction of their friends as the main channel of making an acquaintance of the opposite sex. (3) Of those who responded to this study 13.8% reported having masturbation, 21.5% kissing, 6.2% petting and 3.7% sex intercourse. (4) 64.8% had sexual problems, which was mensturance (27.2%), aquaintance of the opposite sex (25.4%). The main method to solve the problems were consultation with 'friends' and 'books and magazine' percentage being 39.1% and 30.8%, respectively, whereas very small students discussed with 'teachers' and 'parents' percentages being 0.3% and 5.9%, respectively. (5) Out of 986 respondents, 62.2% had experience in educating about sex, the percentage of day time school was higher than that of night time school. (6) 88.2% of students wanted sex education in school, which were 'general information about sex' (35.4%), 'sexual morality and solution of sexual desire' (18.5%), 'aquaintance of the opposite sex' (13.3%) and 'marriage and role of man and woman' (12.4%) in the same order. They wanted to be instructed about sexes in the lecture of physical education, home economics, biology, military training (59.9%), regular curriculum (17.5%), special lecture (16.9%) and by the counselor or school nurse (5.7%). 3. Analyse concerning the factors about the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors. (1) The better school record was, the higher the level of sexual knowledge. (2) Those who have the religion considered the permarital purity more important than those who have not, the percentage showing 86.7% and 80.7%, respectively. (3) The result of dyad analysis of making acquaintance of the opposite sex in the friendship network showed that a high index of the acquaintance of the opposite sex tends to be a high adoption of making one at the individual level in the group, while the low index tends to be a low adoption of making one in the group.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.357-369
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• 2018

본 연구는 성조숙증 여아와 정상 발달 여아의 심리사회적 행동특성에 대한 조사를 실시하여 성조숙증과의 관련성을 파악하고 비교분석하여 성조숙증 예방 및 기초 자료를 제공하고자 함이다. 연구대상 조사기간은 2016년 6월 1일부터 2017년 2월 25일까지였으며, 연구의 대상자는 서울시 소재 어린이전문 H한의원과 S한의원에 성조숙증으로 내원한 환자군 여아 104명과 대조군 A그룹 104명, 지방 군단위 소재 초등학교 여아의 대조군 B그룹 104명으로, 성별과 연령을 짝지은 총 312명과의 비교를 통해 성조숙증 여아와 정상 발달 여아의 심리사회적 행동특성을 파악하고자 집단 간 특성을 t-test, ${\chi}^2test$, ANOVA분석을 통해 비교하고, 성조숙증의 영향요인은 이항로지스틱(Multinomial logistic)회귀분석으로 분석하였다. 연구결과 성조숙증에 미치는 주요 영향요인은 첫째, 행동특성의 식습관에서 고기류 섭취횟수(p<.05)와 외식빈도(p<.05)인 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 행동특성의 일상생활에서 TV시청(p<.001)과 스마트폰 사용시간(p<.01), 수강학원 수(p<.05)인 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 심리적 특성에서 정서상 및 신체상의 지수가 대조군에 비해 낮게 나타남으로써 병리를 더 지닌 것으로 도출되었다. 넷째, 사회적 특성에서 가족 및 친구관계의 지수가 대조군에 비해 낮게 나타남으로써 병리를 더 지닌 것으로 도출되었다. 따라서 증가하는 여아의 성조숙증에 대해 부모와 학교 나아가 사회적 관심이 중요하며 성조숙증에 대한 발생원인과 발생빈도를 밝히는 광범위한 연구수행이 필요하다.