• 미생물과산업
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.12-14
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• 1988

빛에 의한 생물체의 분화는 작용파장별로 분류 할 때 고등식물에서 흔히 나타나는 붉은 빛에 의한 분화와 곰팡이류에서 볼 수 있는 푸른빛에 의한 것 두 종류가 있다. 곰팡이는 Chlorophyll이나 Phytochrome이 없어 붉은ㅅ개 파장을 흡수하는 phytochrome에 의한 분화는 없으나 푸른색은 곰팡이의 생활사에 중요한 요인이 된다. 예를 들면 Phycomyces와 Trichoderma의 photophorogenesis, Cyathus와 Coprinus의 fruiting body형성, Poycomyces와 Neurospora의 photocarotenogenesis, Phycomyces와 Pilobolus의 phototropism등 곰팡이의 metabolism과 development가 푸른 빛에 의하여 영향을 받는다. 한편 곰팡이의 포자및 포자생성기관은 녹색, 갈색, 흑색 등 phenoloxidase의 산물인 melanin 색소를 가지는 경우가 많으며 그 예로는 Podospora, Schizophyllum, Aspergillus 등과 같이 reproduction 할 때 phenoloxidase가 직접적 혹은 간접적으로 연관되어 있다. 버섯형성균류의 하나인 Coprinus congregatus는 버섯형성과정에서 빛을 필요로 하며 이때 phenoloxidase가 어떠한 역할을 하는지 실험하였다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제43권9호
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• pp.1334-1341
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• 2014

치마버섯 균사체 배양물로부터 분리된 다당류의 생리활성을 알아보기 위해 항보체 활성, NO 생성능, 지질 과산화 억제능, OH radical 제거 효과, 미백효과, 항균효과 및 피부투과도를 측정하였다. 치마버섯 배양균사체 유래 다당류의 항보체 활성은 열수 추출 알코올침전분획(SC-EP)이 $8.9{\pm}0.3%$, 세포내성 다당류(SC-IP)는 $14.7{\pm}1.7%$, 열수 추출 한외여과분획(SC-UP)은 $10.2{\pm}0.8%$, 균사체외성 무처리 분획(SC-NEP)은 $5.2{\pm}0.7%$로 나타났다. 치마버섯 균사체 배양물의 열수 추출 한외여과 처리한 다당류(SC-UP)는 $12.8{\pm}0.7{\mu}M$의 NO를 생성하는 것으로 조사되었다. 양성 대조물질로 사용한 IFN-${\gamma}$와 LPS에서는 각각 $33.4{\pm}1.7{\mu}M$과 $35.1{\pm}1.5{\mu}M$로 나타났다. AsA-$Fe^{2+}$로 유도된 지질 과산화에 대한 영향은 열수 추출 에탄올 처리 분획(SC-EP) 및 UF 처리 분획(SC-UP)의 경우 각각 $28.9{\pm}0.7nM$ 및 $26.5{\pm}0.3nM$의 MDA를 생성시켰다. ADP-NADPH-$Fe^{3+}$로 유도된 지질 과산화에 대한 영향은 배양 균사체 배양물의 열수 추출 에탄올 처리 분획(SC-EP) 및 UF 처리 분획(SC-UP)이 각각 19.8%와 20.8%의 지질 과산화 생성 억제율을 나타내었다. OH radical의 제거 효과로 균사체 배양물의 열수 추출 UF 처리 분획(SC-UP)의 OH radical 제거 효과에 대한 $IC_{50}$은 3.32 mg/mL로 조사되었다. 균사체 배양물의 열수 추출 UF 처리 분획(SC-UP)의 tyrosinase 저해 효과는 1.0 mg/mL의 농도 처리 시에 19.9%로 나타났다. 또한 여드름 균에 대한 항균효과를 위한 MIC 치는 균사체 배양물의 열수 추출 UF 처리 분획(SC-UP)이 10 mg/mL, 균사체외성 다당류(SC-NEP)의 경우는 20 mg/mL 이상인 것으로 조사되었다. 균사체 배양물의 열수 추출 UF 처리 분획(SC-UP)의 피부투과도는 3시간, 6시간 및 9시간 경과 후 각각 0.47%, 0.73% 및 1.20%를 나타내었다. 상기의 결과들로부터 치마버섯 균사체 배양물로부터 분리된 다당류의 면역 활성, 항산화 활성 등의 생물학적 특성을 이용하여 기능성 소재의 개발이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제40권7호
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• pp.949-955
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• 2011

치마버섯에서 추출한 베타글루칸을 Raw 264.7 세포에 처치한 후 MTT assay로 측정한 결과 베타글루칸 400 ${\mu}g$/mL까지에 의한 세포독성은 없었다. 대식세포의 활성능을 측정하기 위해서 Raw 264.7 세포에서 NO와 TNF-${\alpha}$의 생성을 측정하였다. 베타글루칸을 대식세포에 24시간 처리한 결과 대조군과 비교 시 NO와 TNF-${\alpha}$가 유의적으로 상승하였다. 이 결과 베타글루칸이 대식세포인 Raw 264.7 세포를 활성화 시키는 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 본 실험에 사용된 베타글루칸은 면역강화용 사료첨가제로서의 의미가 충분하다고 사료된다. MDA-MB-231 유방암 세포의 성장을 저해하는지 확인하기 위하여 MTT assay를 시행하였다. 400 ${\mu}g$/mL 베타글루칸을 48시간 처리한 결과 대조군과 비교 시 유방암 세포의 성장이 유의적으로 억제하였다. 그리고 베타글루칸이 유방암 세포에서 성장 억제 효과를 알아보기 위해 누드마우스에 MDA-MB-231 유방암 세포를 접종하였다. 베타글루칸의 용량은 대조군(0 ${\mu}g$/mouse), 저용량(200 ${\mu}g$/mouse), 고용량(400 ${\mu}g$/mouse)으로 설정하여 누드마우스에 경구투여 하였다. 이 결과 저용량군(200 ${\mu}g$/mouse)이 고용량군(400 ${\mu}g$/mouse)보다 항암효능이 더 많이 일어나는 것을 확인하였다. MDA-MB-231 유방암 세포주에서 베타글루칸이 종양 성장이 감소하였지만, 그 결과가 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않아 본 연구에서 사용한 용량에서는 베타글루칸이 MDA-MB-231 유방암 세포주에서 종양 성장을 유의적으로 억제하지 않는 것으로 사료된다. 조직병리학적 검사에서 독성이 무해한 것으로 판단되어 면역강화용 사료첨가제로 사용하여도 무방할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.1147-1151
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• 2007

Biodegradation of endocrine-disrupting bisphenol A was investigated with several white rot fungi (Irpex lacteus, Trametes versicolor, Ganoderma lucidum, Polyporellus brumalis, Pleurotus eryngii, Schizophyllum commune) isolated in Korea and two transformants of T. versicolor (strains MrP 1 and MrP 13). I. lacteus degraded 99.4% of 50 mg/l bisphenol A in 3 h incubation and 100% in 12 h incubation. which was the highest degradation rate among the fungal strains tested. T. versicolor degraded 98.2% of 50 mg/l bisphenol A in 12 h incubation. Unexpectedly, the transformant of the Mn-repressed peroxidase gene of T. versicolor, strain MrP 1, degraded 76.5% of 50 mg/l bisphenol A in 12 h incubation, which was a lower degradation rate than wild-type T. versicolor. The removal of bisphenol A by I. lacteus occurred mainly by biodegradation rather than adsorption. Optimum carbon sources for biodegradation of bisphenol A by I. lacteus were glucose and starch, and optimum nitrogen sources were yeast extract and tryptone in a minimal salts medium; however, bisphenol A degradation was higher in nutrient-rich YMG medium than that in a minimal salts medium. The initial degradation of endocrine disruptors was accompanied by the activities of manganese peroxidase and laccase in the culture of I. lacteus.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권30호
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• pp.31-46
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• 2009

In the study, we confirmed morphological traits and calculated the Risk Class of 25 mould species, including Tyromyces palustris, through decomposition rate of substrate for characteristic confirmation of injured microorganisms. We received the injured microorganisms in wood and it was pure cultivated. We observed growth traits and decomposition rate of substrate. Also, it allows the calculation of Risk Class to be worried in the case of growth in wooden cultural properties. As a result, Tyromyces palustris, representative of brown-rot, has the characteristics about decomposition rate of substrate - Cellulose ; more active(+++), Lignin ; more active(+++), Xylan ; more active(+++), Starch ; active(++). We classified Tyromcyes palustris as a first Risk Class and as a second Risk Class about Schizophyllum commune et al(9 species, See table 1. We look forward to offering standard data base for evaluating Risk Class as a matter of applying preventive conservation in wooden cultural properties through our study.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.14-16
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• 1965

(1) The sterilizing effects of NaF, $CuSO_4$, $CuCO_3$, $HgCl_2$, $ZnSO_4$, and coaltar creosote on the mycelial growth of Irpex consors Berk. Polystictus versicolor L. Fr, Polystictus versicalor L. var. nigricans, and Schizophyllum commune Fr. Were studied. (2) The range of minimum density of the fungicides to check the growth of four fungi mentioned above was as follows; NaF 0.15~0.25(%) $CuSO_4$ 0.20~0.35(%) $CuCO_3$ 0.40~0.50(%) $HgCl_2$ 0.05(%) $ZnSO_4$ 0.40~0.45(%) Creosote 0.10~0.15(%) Of the fungicides tested, $HgCl_2$ was most effective in fungicidal effects, and Creosote, NaF, $CuSO_4$, $ZnSO_4$, $CuCO_3$, followed. The order of resistance of the fungi to the fungicides was as follows: S. Commune Fr. P. Versicalor L. var.nigricans I. Consors Berk P. Versicalor L. Fr. (3) The fungicides were added to the pepton-agor culture medium at the concentration between 0.01 and 0.5%, and the medium was filled into 9cm petridshes. Two square millimeter agar blocks prepared separately from the fungi Contained agar were placed in the middle of the Petri-dishes, in cubated six days at $26^{\circ}C$. Diameter of biggest Colonies were measured.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2005

Optimal criterion for the scale-up production of schizophyllan, a fungal polysaccharide secreted by Schizophyllum commune, was investigated. For the production of the polysaccharide in a 150-l bioreactor, the culture conditions optimized in a 15-l bioreactor were applied to a 150-l bioreactor with scale-up process, by changing impeller speed and airflow rate. The optimized impeller speed in the 15-l bioreactor was 50 rpm in a technical medium based on barley. For establishment of the scale-up process, 3 kinds of criteria were used while the gas throughput number was kept constant, as follows; constant volume-related power input, constant tip speed of stirrer, and constant Reynolds number. In the 150-l bioreactor, the highest values for the maximum specific growth rate (1.17/day) and productivity (0.63 g/L${\cdot}$day) were achieved in the culture condition from constant volumerelated power input criterion.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제62권2호
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• pp.211-217
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• 2019

Dietary pattern has paramount importance in shaping the gut microbiota and its associated host health. Herein this study, long term (12 weeks) impact of mushroom derived dietary fiber, ${\beta}-glucan$, is investigated for its effect on low fiber diet consumption. Inclusion of dietary fiber into the low fiber diet (LFD) increased the abundance of genera Lactobacillus and Anaerostipes, the microbes responsible for butyrate (major 'fuel source' of colonocytes) production. Mice fed LFD with ${\beta}-glucan$ showed significant increase in the length of small intestine compared to that of the LFD group without ${\beta}-glucan$. Further, dietary fiber consumption enhanced goblet cell density along with mucosal layer thickness. These results indicate promising effects of ${\beta}-glucan$ towards maintenance of healthy gut and gut microbiota.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.602-615
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• 2021

Red jabon wood is a potential fast-growing species for veneer, furniture, and many other wood products, but its durability is very low. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of castor bean oil and heating on boron leaching, dimensional stability, and resistance to decay fungi in treated jabon wood. Red jabon wood was preserved with boron solutions containing 5% boron (boric acid, borax, or borax-boric acid). Following that, castor bean oil impregnation and heating were used as posttreatments. Furthermore, all the wood samples were tested in terms of leaching, dimensional stability, and resistance against Schizophyllum commune and Fomitopsis palustris fungi. This study discovered that boron compounds, castor bean oil, and heating treatments influenced the leaching, dimensional stability, and resistance of red jabon wood to decay fungi. The double impregnation of boric acid or borax and castor bean oil, followed by heating at 160℃, significantly reduced water absorption and leaching while increasing the dimensional stability and resistance of red jabon wood against the two tested decay fungi.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.393-397
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• 2020

Mycelium composites and leathers have versatile material properties based on their composition and manufacturing process. To prepare mycelium mat for the production of mushroom leather, several strains were mutated by gamma rays. Some mutant strains, including Lentinula edodes, Ganoderma lucidium, and Schizophyllum commune showed good hyphae growth rate and density on saw-dust media. Irradiation power (Gy), time, and height from the radiation source to the sample were examined. Based on the preliminary data obtained in this study, comprehensive research should be conducted to explore the optimal strains and culture conditions for mycelium-based leather production.