• 제목/요약/키워드: Scattering Center

검색결과 540건 처리시간 0.029초

Tip Enhanced Nano Raman Scattering in Graphene

  • Mun, Seok Jeong
    • 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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    • pp.87.2-87.2
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    • 2016
  • As an era of nano science approaches, the understanding on the shape and optical properties of various materials in a nanoscale range is getting important more seriously than ever. Accordingly the development of high spatial-temporal-spectral resolution measurement tools for characterization of nanomaterials/structures is highly required. Generally, the various properties of sample can be measured independently, e.g. to observe the structural property of sample, we use the scanning electron microscopy or atomic force microscopy, and to observe optical property, we have to use another independent measurement tool such as photoluminescence spectroscopy or Raman spectroscopy. In the case of nano-materials, however, it is very difficult to find out the same position of sample at every different measurement processes, and the condition of sample can be changed by the influence of first measurement. The tip enhanced Raman scattering(TERS), which can simultaneously measure the two or more information of sample with nanoscale spatial resolution, is one of solutions of this problem. In this talk, I will present our recent nano Raman scattering data of graphene that measured by TERS and optimized tip fabrication method for efficient experiment.

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A New Method for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Vitro-cultured Bacteria by Means of Resonance Light Scattering Technique

  • Shi, Yu-Jun;Chen, Jun;Xu, Ming
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제18권1호
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    • pp.118-123
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    • 2008
  • A new method for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of vitro-cultured bacteria on an ordinary fluorescence spectrometer was developed. The viable bacteria reduced 3-(4,5 dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) to produce insoluble particles that displayed intense resonance scattering light. The assay showed a linear relationship between the number of viable bacteria and the intensity of resonance scattering light. Dead bacteria were unable to reduce MTT. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus exposed to flavonoids from Marchantia convoluta showed a flavonoids concentration-dependent inhibition of the ability to reduce MTT. In the assay, less than 12 h was required to attain susceptibility results and fewer bacteria were utilized than in traditional methods. The RLS technique could, in combination with the MTT assay, be a rapid and sensitive measuring method to determine the in vitro activity of new antimicrobials.

TEM 관련 이론해설 (4): 방사선의 종류와 물질에 의한 산란 (Radiations and Their Scattering by Matter)

  • 이확주
    • Applied Microscopy
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    • 제33권4호
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    • pp.251-259
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    • 2003
  • 물질의 구조 특성파악에 많이 사용되는 X-선과 전자선에 대한 소스 원을 살펴보고 물질과의 반응을 atomic scattering factor의 항으로 설명하였다. 물질과의 회절을 역 격자 공간에서의 Ewald sphere로 설명하고 유한 크기의 소스 파장과 검출기의 효과도 함께 고려하였다.

An Assessment of the Secondary Neutron Dose in the Passive Scattering Proton Beam Facility of the National Cancer Center

  • Han, Sang-Eun;Cho, Gyuseong;Lee, Se Byeong
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제49권4호
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    • pp.801-809
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    • 2017
  • The purpose of this study is to assess the additional neutron effective dose during passive scattering proton therapy. Monte Carlo code (Monte Carlo N-Particle 6) simulation was conducted based on a precise modeling of the National Cancer Center's proton therapy facility. A three-dimensional neutron effective dose profile of the interior of the treatment room was acquired via a computer simulation of the 217.8-MeV proton beam. Measurements were taken with a $^3He$ neutron detector to support the simulation results, which were lower than the simulation results by 16% on average. The secondary photon dose was about 0.8% of the neutron dose. The dominant neutron source was deduced based on flux calculation. The secondary neutron effective dose per proton absorbed dose ranged from $4.942{\pm}0.031mSv/Gy$ at the end of the field to $0.324{\pm}0.006mSv/Gy$ at 150 cm in axial distance.

Development of a Wide Dose-Rate Range Electron Beam Irradiation System for Pre-Clinical Studies and Multi-Purpose Applications Using a Research Linear Accelerator

  • Jang, Kyoung Won;Lee, Manwoo;Lim, Heuijin;Kang, Sang Koo;Lee, Sang Jin;Kim, Jung Kee;Moon, Young Min;Kim, Jin Young;Jeong, Dong Hyeok
    • 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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    • 제31권2호
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    • pp.9-19
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    • 2020
  • Purpose: This study aims to develop a multi-purpose electron beam irradiation device for preclinical research and material testing using the research electron linear accelerator installed at the Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences. Methods: The fabricated irradiation device comprises a dual scattering foil and collimator. The correct scattering foil thickness, in terms of the energy loss and beam profile uniformity, was determined using Monte Carlo calculations. The ion-chamber and radiochromic films were used to determine the reference dose-rate (Gy/s) and beam profiles as functions of the source to surface distance (SSD) and pulse frequency. Results: The dose-rates for the electron beams were evaluated for the range from 59.16 Gy/s to 5.22 cGy/s at SSDs of 40-120 cm, by controlling the pulse frequency. Furthermore, uniform dose distributions in the electron fields were achieved up to approximately 10 cm in diameter. An empirical formula for the systematic dose-rate calculation for the irradiation system was established using the measured data. Conclusions: A wide dose-rate range electron beam irradiation device was successfully developed in this study. The pre-clinical studies relating to FLASH radiotherapy to the conventional level were made available. Additionally, material studies were made available using a quantified irradiation system. Future studies are required to improve the energy, dose-rate, and field uniformity of the irradiation system.

한국원자력연구소 중성자교정실에 대한 중성자산란보정인자 결정연구 (Comparison Study of Experimental Neutron Room Scattering Corrections with Theoretical Corrections in RCL's Calibration Facility at KAERI)

  • 윤석철;장시영;김종수;김장렬;김봉환
    • Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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    • 제22권1호
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    • pp.29-33
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    • 1997
  • 중성자교정실내에서 $D_2O$ 감속 $^{252}Cf$중성자선원을 사용하여 계측기를 교정할 때는 그 계측기에 대한 교정실산란보정 인자를 미리 결정하여야 한다. 이러한 교정실산란보정인자는 계측기의 종류, 교정거리, 교정실형태에 따라 다르게 결정된다. 본 연구에서는 한국원자력연구소에서 운영하는 2차 표준중성자교정실에서 한가지의 열형광선량계와 2가지의 구형검출기에 대한 교정실산란보정인자를 실험적으로 결정하였고 본소의 2차 표준중성자교정실조건에 의하여 이론적으로 예측한 값과 비교하였다. 비교한 결과 실험하여 얻어진 상기의 3가지 계측기에 대한 교정실산란보정인자가 이론적으로 예측한 결과와 최대 약 10% 이내에서 일치하였다.

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피부 투명감 측정 기기의 소형화 및 피부의 확산 반사광과 투명감 사이의 연구 (Correlation between Skin Translucency and Scattering Reflection using Miniaturized New Optical Device)

  • 이명렬;정춘복;정유철;김한곤;남개원
    • 대한화장품학회지
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    • 제37권2호
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    • pp.121-127
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    • 2011
  • 미백과 더불어 피부 칙칙함은 많은 여성들의 고민거리다. 칙칙함이란 피부의 붉은 기와 광택이 감소하고, 노란기는 증가하며 피부의 명도가 저하되어 보이는 상태를 말하며, 최근까지 피부 칙칙함의 경우, 일반적으로 피부색 측정을 통해 명도, 색 불균일성 등으로 많이 평가하였다. 명도는 $L^{*} \;a^{*}\; b^{*}$ 표색계(CIELAB color space system)의 $L^{*}$로 나타낸다. 하지만 $L^{*}$값은 칙칙함 중 하나의 현상, 명도를 측정한 지표일 뿐만 아니라 칙칙함(투명감)같은 인지효능과의 연계점을 찾기 힘든 단점이 있다. 이에 투명감이 높은 피부(칙칙하지 않은 피부)는 동일한 광세기가 피부로 입사하였을 때 피부 내부로부터 빛이 많이 돌아오는 피부이고 이는 확산 반사광(내부 반사광)이 큰 피부라는 피부 투명감 측정 방법에 따라 편광기술을 이용한 자사 제작의 이전 투명감 측정 기기와 측정의 용이성과 휴대성을 개선한 $Lumiscan^{TM}$이라 명명한 신규기기를 개발, 기존 투명감 측정기기와 신규기기로 20 ~ 30대 남성과 여성의 얼굴 피부 투명도를 측정하여 육안을 통한 투명감과 확산반사광 값의 관계를 통해 신규기기의 성능을 확인하고자 하였다. 이번 연구에서 육안 평가와 신규기기의 확산 반사광 값 사이에 단순 비교가 아닌 강한 상관성(R = 0.732, p < 0.01)이 있음을 확인할 수 있었으며 이전 자사개발 기기가 지닌 낮은 휴대성과 측정의 불편함을 개선한 $Lumiscan^{TM}$의 성능평가를 확인할 수 있었다.

POLARIZATION OF LYMAN α EMERGENT FROM A THICK SLAB OF NEUTRAL HYDROGEN

  • AHN, SANG-HTEON;LEE, HEE-WON
    • 천문학회지
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    • 제48권3호
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    • pp.195-202
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    • 2015
  • Star forming galaxies found in the early universe exhibit asymmetric Lyα emission line that results from multiple scattering in a neutral thick medium surrounding the Lyα emission source. It is expected that emergent Lyα will be significantly polarized through a large number of resonance scattering events followed by a number of successive wing scatterings. In this study we adopt a Monte Carlo method to calculate the polarization of Lyα transferred in a very thick static slab of HI. Resonantly scattered radiation associated with transitions between is only weakly polarized and therefore linear polarization of the emergent Lyα is mainly dependent on the number of off-resonant wing scattering events. The number of wing scattering events just before escape from the slab is determined by the product of the Doppler parameter a and the line center optical depth τ0, which, in turn, determines the behavior of the linear polarization of Lyα. This result is analogous to the study of polarized radiative transfer of Thomson scattered photons in an electron slab, where the emergent photons are polarized in the direction perpendicular to the slab when the scattering optical depth is small and polarized in the parallel direction when the slab is optically thick. Our simulated spectropolarimetry of Lyα shows that the line center is negligibly polarized, the near wing parts polarized in the direction parallel to the slab and the far wing parts are polarized in the direction perpendicular to the slab. We emphasize that the flip of polarization direction in the wing parts of Lyα naturally reflects the diffusive nature of the Lyα transfer process in thick neutral media.

높은 결정성을 갖는 이산화티탄 나노입자의 합성 (Synthesis of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles with a High Crystalline Characteristics)

  • 김기출
    • 융합정보논문지
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    • 제7권5호
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    • pp.53-58
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    • 2017
  • 석유 고갈의 시대에 저가이면서 반투명한 특징을 갖고 있는 염료감응형 태양전지(DSC)는 1991년 $Gr{\ddot{a}}tzel$의 연구결과 보고 이후 많은 주목을 받아왔다. 염료감응형 태양전지의 광전극의 빛 수확 성능을 증진시키고, 궁극적으로 광전변환효율을 향상시키기 위하여 다양한 구조를 갖는 산란층이 광전극 소재로 제안되었다. DSC 광전극의 산란층에서 산란의 중심으로는 지름이 250 - 300 nm 정도의 크기를 갖는 비교적 큰 이산화티탄 나노입자가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 변형된 졸겔 공정을 이용하여 약 300 nm 크기의 이산화티탄 나노결정을 합성하였다. XRD와 TEM 분석결과에 의하면, 합성된 이산화티탄 나노입자는 아나타제 상의 단결정 특성을 나타내었다. 합성된 이산화티탄 나노입자를 이용하여 스핀 코팅 공정으로 제조된 이산화티탄 박막의 광학적 투과율은 550 nm 파장에서 약 50%로 측정되었다. 이처럼 적당한 투과율은 DSC 산란층의 산란 중심으로 사용하기에 적합하며, DSC의 광전변환효율 향상에 적절하게 기여할 것으로 기대된다.