• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2010.09a
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• pp.687-697
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• 2010

This study was designed to carry out studies on critical seepage velocity and critical hydraulic gradient using a piping test targeting SM and ML which are widely distributed ahead of and behind the depth of E.L(-)10m in Saemangeum area in order to examine stability of embankment built on the ground vulnerable to piping. The effects of relative densities on critical hydraulic gradient and critical velocity were also compared and analyzed using empirical formula and theoretical formula, and relative densities were set up as respectively 9%, 25%, 50%, and 75% for this experiment. As a result, for critical hydraulic gradient, most of specimens detected piping at lower values than the empirical formula of Terzaghi(1922). It is, therefore, considered that the empirical formula devised by Kalin(1977) or Hayashi(1978) is more reasonable to be conservative. It was also found that critical velocity decreased as relative density increased, and critical velocity predicted was mostly lower than the theoretical formula.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2010.09a
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• pp.60-68
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• 2010

In this study, the seepage flow monitoring method by hydaulic head loss rate graph was developed for the purpose of monitoring the seepage flow from the see side or from the lake on sea dike in which seepage force was varied periodically. The hydraulic head loss rate was defined in this method. The value of the rate is in the range from 0 to 1. the value of 0 means perfectly free flow of seepage. the value of 1 means perfect waterproofing. The value of coefficient of determination in the hydraulic head loss rate graph closer to 1 means that the seepage flow way is stable. The value of coefficient of determination in the hydraulic head loss rate graph closer to 0 means that the hole may exist or the piping may be in the progress. The pore water pressure data measured in Saemangeum sea dike was analyzed with the developed method The result showed that the variation of seepage flow state was detected sensitively by this method and the interception effect of sea dike could be estimated quantitatively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.258-271
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• 2010

In order to figure out hydrodynamic and water quality changes after completion of dike construction of the Saemangeum, which behaves as a semi-enclosed estuarine lake, numerical simulations based on fine grid structure by using EFDC were intensively carried out. In this study some limitations of precedent study has been improved and gate operation were considered. Also 3 phases such as air-water-sediment interaction modeling was considered. It is clear that inner mixing of the Saemangeum is dominated by Mankyeong and Dongjin riverine discharges rather than the gate opening influence through the Lagrangian particle tracking simulations. Vertical DO structure after the dike completion shows steep gradient especially at Dongjin river estuary due to lessen of outer sea water exchange. Increasing SOD at stagnantly changed man-made reservoir might cause oxygen deficiency and accelerating degradation of water quality. According to TSI evaluation test representing eutrophication status, it shows high possibility of eutrophication along Mankyeong waterway in spite of dike completion, while the index is getting high after final closing along Dongjin waterway. Numerical tests with gate operations show significant differences in water quality. Thus it should be noted that proper gate operation plays a major role in preserving target water quality and management for inner development plan.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.1581-1585
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 새만금 담수호로 유입되는 유사량과 담수호의 장래퇴적분포를 추정하였다. GIS(Geographic Information System)와 범용토양유실량식(Universal Soil Loss Equation; USLE)을 적용하여 새만금 담수호 상류유역에서 발생하는 토양유실량을 산정하고, 총유실량-유사운송비(sediment delivery ratio) 법을 이용하여 담수호로 유입되는 유사량을 추정하였다. USLE에 의한 총 유실량은 2,804 천ton/yr, 새만금 소유역별 평균 유사운송비는 12%, 담수호 유입유사량은 328 천ton/yr으로 추정되었다. 새만금 담수호의 유효저수량과 유입량에 의한 포착효율(trap efficiency)을 고려하여 담수호에 실제 퇴적되는 양을 추정하고 새만금 담수호의 표고별 장래퇴적분포는 Lara method (USBR method)을 이용하였다. 새만금 담수호의 유사퇴적량은 302 천ton/yr으로 산정되었으며, Lara method에 의한 추정결과 5년, 10년 후 각각 새만금 담수호의 내용적이 0.4%, 0.7% 감소하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.373-374
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• 2017

새만금간척사업은 1991년부터 공사가 시작되었으며 현재도 진행 중에 있다. 그 중 수질은 새만금사업의 성패를 좌우하는 매우 중요한 요소 중의 하나이다. 따라서 매월 수질조사가 진행되어 왔고, 축적된 수질자료를 이용하여 개발계획 수립에 반영해 왔다. 그러나 방대한 양의 수질자료는 연평균, 월평균 단위로만 이용되어 왔고, 2006년 새만금 방조제 끝물막이, 2011년 새만금호 수위 낮춤과 같은 특별한 이벤트에 따라 수질변화의 경계를 구분짓는 수준에 그쳐왔다. 이에 따라 새만금호 수질이 연중 변화를 일으키는 양상과 연중 변화를 일으키는 원인에 대한 분석은 미흡하였기에 상류 유역에서 발생되는 오염물질을 감소시키는 대책들 위주로 수질대책들이 시행되어 왔다. 본 연구는 어떻게 하면 효과적으로 수질자료를 이용할 수 있고, 수질데이터가 우리에게 어떤 자료들을 생산해 줄 수 있는 가에 대해 검토하였다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.285-291
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• 2014

The statistical information of the coastal water temperature monitoring data can be biased because of outliers and missing intervals. Though a number of outlier detection methods have been developed, their applications are very limited to the in-situ monitoring data because of the assumptions of the a prior information of the outliers and no-missing condition, and the excessive computational time for some methods. In this study, the practical robust method is developed that can be efficiently and effectively detect the outliers in case of the big-data. This model is composed of these two parts, one part is the construction part of the approximate components of the monitoring data using the robust smoothing and data re-sampling method, and the other part is the main iterative outlier detection part using the detailed components of the data estimated by the approximate components. This model is tested using the two-years 5-minute interval water temperature data in Lake Saemangeum. It can be estimated that the outlier proportion of the data is about 1.6-3.7%. It shows that most of the outliers in the data are detected and removed with satisfaction by the model. In order to effectively detect and remove the outliers, the outlier detection using the long-span smoothing should be applied earlier than that using the short-span smoothing.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.339-357
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• 2009

The Saemangeum Reclamation Project was launched as a national project in 1991 to reclaim a large coastal area of 401 km$^2$ by constructing a 33-km long dyke. The final dyke enclosure in April 2006 has transformed the tidal flat into lake and land. The dyke construction has abruptly changed not only the estuarine tidal system inside the dyke, but also the coastal marine environment outside the dyke. In this study, we investigated the spatial change of SST distribution using the Landsat-5/7 and NOAA data before and after the dyke completion in the Saemangeum area. Satellite-induced SST was verified by compared with the various in situ measurements such as tower, buoy, and water sample. The correlation coefficient resulted in above 0.96 and RMSE was about 1$^{\circ}C$ in all data. 38 Landsat satellite images from 1985 to 2007 were analyzed to estimate the temporal and spatial change of SST distribution from the beginning to the completion of the Samangeum dyke's construction. The seasonal change in detailed spatial distribution of SST was measured, however, the estimation of change during the Saemangeum dyke's construction was hard to figure out owing to the various environmental conditions. Monthly averaged SST induced from NOAA data from 1998 to 2007 has been analyzed for a complement of Landsat's temporal resolution. At the inside of the dyke, the change of SST from summer to winter was large due to the relatively high temperature in summer. In this study, multi-sensor thermal remote sensing is an efficient tool for monitoring the temporal and spatial distribution of SST in coastal area.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.743-754
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• 2000

Model parameters of the WASP5 applied to Saemanguem lake were estimated. The methodology is based on grouping water quality constituents and relevant parameters and successively estimating each group of parameters by a trial-and-error procedure. Chlorophyll-a, nitrogen cycles, phosphorus cycles, BOD and DO were simulated at the complexity level 4. The Saemangeum basin divided into a number of unit sub-watershed. And a water budget model analysis with 22 years from 1975 to 1996 year was examined. In this paper, input data at upstream boundaries of model was made to determine seasonally-averaged flow rate through water budget analysis. Calibration and verification of the model were used seasonal average of water quality measurements in 1997 and 1998 years. Grouping water quality constituents and associated parameters proved to be efficient in estimating a number of model parameters. From the results of model calibration and verification, it was found that quantitative evaluations of nonpoint source for organic matters are essential.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.435-444
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• 2023

Suitable environmental conditions in Saemangeum frequently favor phytoplankton growth. There have been occurrences of sudden phytoplankton blooms, surpassing the algae management standards. A model was designed to prevent such blooms using scientific predictive techniques to forecast and regulate the possibility of phytoplankton blooms. We propose effective and efficient algae control measures concerning every phytoplankton species optimized through the policy control of nutrients (DIN, PO4-P) from rivers and controlling lake salinity using gate operations. The probability of phytoplankton blooms was initially forecast using an artificial neural network algorithm based on observations. The model's Kappa number fluctuated from 0.7889 to 1.0000, indicating good to excellent predictive power. The Garson algorithm was then utilized to assess the significance of explanatory variables for every species. Meanwhile, the probability of phytoplankton blooms was anticipated depending on the DIN and salinity value changes. Therefore, the model predicted the precise DIN and salinity concentrations to inhibit phytoplankton blooms for each species. Hence, the green algae model can create effective proactive measures to avoid future phytoplankton blooms in enormous artificial lakes.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.316-326
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• 2022

This study aimed to investigate the causes of the increasing Total Phosphate(TP) in the mainstream of Mangyeong river over the past 10 years, and suggested a reduction plan of about 3 points. First, the high TP concentration was continuously released in the discharge outlet of the Haepo bridge stormwater pipeline. The average TP concentration was 5.066 mg/L and values as high as 29.470 mg/L were measured. The highest pollution contribution rate to the Mangyeong river was more than 70 %. The cause of the pollution was expected to take place somewhere in Wanju Industrial Complex. Second, the average TP concentration of wastewater-treated effluent in the H factory was 0.405 mg/L. If a TP reduction facility is additionally installed in the H factory, it will help reduce TP uptake by Lake Saemangeum. Third, the TP concentration of untreated non-point source point flowing into the Samrae stream was very high with an average of 2.828 mg/L. Also, the pollution contribution rate of Samraecheon 2 to Mangyeong river was 21.8 % on average and up to 58 %. The pollution contribution rate was also high during the agricultural season and the winter, during which the flow rate is decreased. Investigation of these three points may be continuously needed, and analysis results and policy proposals presented to Jeollabukdo and Wanjugun to manage pollution sources.