• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.237-244
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• 2020

Currently, sexually transmitted diseases (STD) are referred to as "sexually transmitted infections" (STIs) in the sense of including asymptomatic infections. STIs have a range of interrelationships. This study used the STI defined by the Minister of Health and Welfare of the Republic of Korea, and targeted syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia infection, chancroid, genital herpes simplex, condyloma, human papillomavirus, and non-gonococcal urethritis. The factors were characterized by identifying multiple and simultaneous STIs. This study used the data from the laboratory information system of a consigned inspection institution located in Seoul from 2014 to 2019. In this study, multiple STIs were identified as overlapping STIs of a double infectious source (10 types) and multiple STIs of a third infectious source (6 types). Among the 16 types of multiple STIs, U. urealyticum (9 types), HSV-2 (8 types), C. trachomatis (7 types), HPV 6, 11 (7 types), N. gonorrhoeae (6 types), and T. pallidum (1 type) were included. Therefore, additional research on interrelationship studies, such as STIs, which has the highest proportion of multiple STIs, will be necessary.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.346-356
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was to identify the Health beliefs of the vulnerable group on the prevention of STI and to identify the factors that influence prevention behavior. Methods: The participants were 241 of persons vulnerable to STI. A total of 241 questionnaires were collected by mail or in person through relevant workplace, group members, and visitors to public health centers with structured questionnaires. The SPSS 21.0 program was used to perform descriptive statistics, t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and multiple regression. Results: As a result, the level of perceived susceptibility was 2.70, perceived severity was 3.63, perceived benefits of condom use was 3.82, Perceived barriers of condom use was 2.45, self-efficacy of condom use 3.93 and prevention behavior of STI was 3.51 based on 5-point Likert scale. Condom use self-efficacy(��=.23, p=.003), perceived barriers of condom use(��=-.15, p=.035), and level of education(��=.16, p=.018) were important factors influencing STI prevention behavior and the regression model explained 17% of STI prevention. In conclusion, it is necessary to develop a systematic education program in consideration of factors influencing and improving awareness to prevent STI.

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.125-139
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• 2006

The advent of the internet has caused a number of changes in production and dissemination of science and technology information(STI). STI was mainly produced in the form of publication before the advent of the internet. The popularization of the internet, however, has induced the mass production and distribution of STI through the internet. In consequence, the importance and usefulness of on-line STI have become on a level with those of published STI. The rapid growth of quantity and quality of on-line STI forces information service organizations try their best for improving the service satisfaction. In an effort to improve the satisfaction, researchers on information management examined the classification of information resources by exploring the counterparts of bibliography and/or web information service. We examined the national standard of the classification related to science and technology and proposed a practical scheme for the classification of on-line STI resources.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2012.10a
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• pp.351-352
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• 2012

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2001.07a
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• pp.33-36
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• 2001

Chemical mechanical polishing(CMP) process has been widely used to planarize dielectric layers, which can be applied to the integrated circuits for deep sub-micron technology. The rise throughput and the stability in the device fabrication can be obtained by applying of CMP process to STI structure in 0.18$\mu\textrm{m}$ m semiconductor device. The reverse moat process has been added to employ in of each thin films in STI-CMP was not equal, hence the devices must to be effected, that is, the damage was occurred in the device area for the case of excessive CMP process and the nitride film was remained on the device area for the case of insufficient CMP process, and than, these defects affect the device characteristics. Also, we studied the High Selectivity Slurry(HSS) to perform global planarization without reverse moat step.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.24-53
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• 2015

Foresight, a major methodological tool in the STI policy toolbox, has recently featured new directions in methodological development, becoming influenced by progress in information and communication technologies and online tools. However, no overview of these directions has been available so far. Based on a literature review, an interactive workshop, and an international expert survey as well as expert interviews, the research presented here attempts to shed light onto some of the relevant issues by providing a structured overview of recent changes in order to further the debate on the future directions of methodological development in foresight. The paper outlines four clusters of emerging approaches in foresight:Integrated qualitative and quantitative approaches, IT-based and automated foresight, experiential foresight including new forms of communication and interaction such as visualization and gaming, and open and crowd-sourced approaches. The benefits and challenges of the approaches known so far are categorized and summarized, and areas of potential use for each of the clusters in STI contexts are identified.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.339-341
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• 1997

From this first studies, We have investigated the latch-up characteristics of various CMOS well structures possible with high energy ion implantation processes. In this study, we also investigated those of STI(Shallow Trench Isolation} structures with varing n+/p+ spacing and the depth of trench. STI structure is formed by T-SUPREM4 process simulator, and then latch-up simulations for each case were performed by MEDICI device simulator for latch-up immunity improvement. STI is very effective to preventing the degradation of latch-up characteristics as the n+/p+ spacing is reduced. These studies will allow us to evaluate each technology and suggest guidelines for the optimization of latch-up susceptibility.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
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• v.52 no.10
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• pp.441-446
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• 2003

The chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process is now widely employed in the ultra large scale integrated (ULSI) semiconductor fabrication. Especially, shallow trench isolation (STI) has become a key isolation scheme for sub-0.13/0.10${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ CMOS technology. The most important issues of STI-CMP is to decrease the various defects such as nitride residue, dishing, and tom oxide. To solve these problems, in this paper, we studied the planarization characteristics using slurry additive with the high selectivity between $SiO_2$ and $Si_3$$N_4$ films for the purpose of process simplification and in-situ end point detection. As our experimental results, it was possible to achieve a global planarization and STI-CMP process could be dramatically simplified. Also, we estimated the reliability through the repeated tests with the optimized process conditions in order to identify the reproducibility of STI-CMP process.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.45-49
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• 2004

We examined large particles and filter size effects of Central Chemical Supplying (CCS) system for STI-CMP on Light Point Defects (LPDs) after polishing. As manufacturing process recently gets thinner below 0.1 um line width, it is very important to keep down post-CMP micro-scratch and LPDs in case of STI-CMP. Therefore, we must control the size distribution of large particles in a slurry. With optimization of final filter size, CCS system is one of the solutions for this issue. The oxide and nitride CMP tests were accomplished using nano-ceria slurries made by ourselves. The number of large particles in a slurry and the number of LPDs on the wafer surface after CMP were reduced with decrease of the final filter size. Oxide removal rates slightly changed according to the final filter size, showing the good performance of self-made nano ceria slurries.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.411-437
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• 2018

This paper articulates the STI strategy development principles and methodologies that have been elaborated through iterative processes of STI strategy development cases for the past ten years. The consultation cases include poverty traps in Nepal and Laos, African health challenges in Nigeria and Tanzania, and ASEAN global challenges in Indonesian Water, Vietnamese Green Energy, and Filipino Food, in partnership with some multilateral agencies.The iterative elaboration process has continued with consultation activities on Thailand and on Cambodia, Laos and Myanmar in planning partnership with Thailand. The principles were originally conceptualized from the benchmarking process of the Korean STI development experience. They were further incorporated as methodologies with which relevant planning bodies are guided to address individual and regional challenges through science, technology and innovation strategies. The methodologies are strong in providing plausible holistic perspective scenarios by which various stakeholders can be engaged in the planning and implementation process. But it is heuristic in nature and can be learned only through on-the-job training process. This is the structural limitation for scaling up.