• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.127-132
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• 2019

Exercising and stretching are essential for the growth of children, but recently, children's outdoor activities are limited due to social risks such as fine dust and child crime. It has increased the need for children's programs that can be safely and easily followed indoors. In this paper, we developed a system to induce and manage children's voluntary stretching to support growth. The system developed in this paper recognizes the child's stretching motions in real-time using Kinect to evaluate the match rate with the standard motions. The system gives users the results with a calendar and check stamp to provide voluntary motivation for the child and to provide parents with systematic management of the child's progress.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.811-819
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• 2017

A behavior pattern analysis algorithm based on descriptors consists of information of a moving object and temporal histogram is proposed. Background learning is performed first for detecting, tracking and analyzing moving objects. Each object is identified using an association of the center of gravity of objects and tracked individually. A temporal histogram represents a motion pattern using positions of the center of gravity and time stamp of objects. The characteristic and behavior of objects are figured out by comparing each coordinates of a position history in the histogram. Behavior information which is comprised with numbers of a start and end frame, and coordinates of positions of objects is stored and managed in the linked list. Descriptors are made with the stored information and the video retrieval algorithm is designed. We confirmed the higher retrieval accuracy compare with conventional methods.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.930-940
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• 2008

This paper proposes a prototype realization of multi-view HD video transport system with synchronized multiplexing over IP networks. The proposed synchronized multiplexing considers the synchronization during video acquisition and the multiplexing for the interactive view-selection during transport. For the synchronized acquisition from multiple HDV camcorders through IEEE 1394 interface, we estimate the timeline differences among MPEG-2 compressed video streams by using global time of network between the cameras and a server and correct timelines of video streams by changing the time stamp of the MPEG-2 system stream. Also, we multiplex a selected number of acquired HD views at the MPEG-2 TS (transport stream) level for the interactive view-selection during transport. Thus, with the proposed synchronized multiplexing scheme, we can display synchronized HD view.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.279-284
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• 2015

Obatoclax, a pan-Bcl2 inhibitor, shows antitumor activities in various solid malignancies. Bcl2-deficient mice have shown the importance of Bcl2 in osteoclasts, as the bone mass of the mice was increased by the induced apoptosis of osteoclasts. Despite the importance of Bcl2, the effects of obatoclax on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoclast precursors have not been studied extensively. Here, we describe the anti-proliferative effects of obatoclax on osteoclast precursors and its negative role on fusion of the cells. Stimulation with low doses of obatoclax significantly suppressed the proliferation of osteoclast precursors in a dose-dependent manner while the apoptosis was markedly increased. Its stimulation was sufficient to block the activation of ERK MAP kinase by RANKL. The same was true when PD98059, an ERK inhibitor, was administered to osteoclast precursors. The activation of JNK1/2 and p38 MAP kinase, necessary for osteoclast differentiation, by RANKL was not affected by obatoclax. Interestingly, whereas the number of TRAP-positive mononuclear cells was increased by both obatoclax and PD98059, fused, multinucleated cells larger than $100{\pm}m$ in diameter containing more than 20 nuclei were completely reduced. Consistently, obatoclax failed to regulate the expression of osteoclast marker genes, including c-Fos, TRAP, RANK and CtsK. Instead, the expression of DC-STAMP and Atp6v0d2, genes that regulate osteoclast fusion, by RANKL was significantly abrogated by both obatoclax and PD98059. Taken together, these results suggest that obatoclax down-regulates the proliferation and fusion of osteoclast precursors through the inhibition of the ERK1/2 MAP kinase pathway.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.6971-6978
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• 2013

Background: Smoking among adolescents has been linked to a variety of adverse and long term health consequences. "Susceptibility to smoking" or the lack of cognitive commitment to abstain from smoking is an important predictor of adolescent smoking. In 2008, we conducted a study to determine the psycho-sociological factors associated with susceptibility to smoking among secondary school students in the district of Kota Tinggi, Johor. Materials and Methods: Two thousand seven hundred students were randomly selected by proportional stratified sampling. Analyses on 1,736 non-smoking students revealed that prevalence of adolescents susceptible to smoking was 16.3%. Results: Male gender (aOR=2.05, 95%CI= 1.23-3.39), poor academic achievement (aOR 1.60, 95%CI 1.05-2.44), ever-smoker (aOR 2.17, 95%CI 1.37-3.44) and having a smoking friend (aOR 1.76, 95%CI 1.10-2.83) were associated with susceptibility to smoking, while having the perception that smoking prohibition in school was strictly enforced (aOR 0.55, 95%CI 0.32-0.94), and had never seen friends smoking in a school compound (aOR 0.59, 95%CI 0.37-0.96) were considered protective factors Conclusions: These results indicate that follow-up programmes need to capitalise on the modifiable factors related to susceptibility to smoking by getting all stakeholders to be actively involved to stamp out smoking initiation among adolescents.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.99-103
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• 2006

A tunable wavelength filter was proposed and demonstrated by using the UV nanoimprint technique. It consists of a Bragg grating in polymer waveguides and a heating electrode. The manufacturing of the grating was substantially simplified with the introduction of a smart imprint stamp containing a waveguide pattern integrated with the grating pattern. The center wavelength of the filter was successfully tuned by taking advantage of the thermooptic effect in polymers, which was induced by supplying electrical power to the electrode. For the fabricated device, a transmission dip of ${\~}$15 dB and a 3-dB bandwidth of 0.8 nm were obtained at the Bragg wavelength of ${\~}$l560 nm. The achieved thermooptic tuning efficiency was ${\~}$0.28 nm/mW, while the center wavelength was shifted from 1560 nm to 1558 nm with the electrical power consumption of 7 mW.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.109-114
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• 2011

Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba is commonly used herbal medicine and it has been known that has immuno-regualtory effects and anti-cancer effects. The inhibition of osteoclastogenesis is essential for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba on osteoclast differentiation in vitro and on resorbing activity of osteoclast. Osteoclast formation was evaluated in bone marrow cells (BMC) in the presence or absence of Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba. The expression of c-fos, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), OSCAR, DC-STAMP, cathepsin K, MafB and NFATc1 mRNA in osteoclast precursor were assessed by RT-PCR. The levels of TNF receptor-associated factor-6 (TRAF-6), c-fos and NFATc1 protein were assessed by Western blot analysis. Also the correlation with MAPKs and NF-${\kappa}B$ pathways were measured by using Western blot analysis. With bone resorption study, I tried to evaluate the inhibitory effects of Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba on mature osteoclast function. Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba inhibited the RANKL induced osteoclastic differentiation from bone marrow macrophage in a dose dependant manner without cellular toxicity. Gene expression of c-fos and NFATc1 was significantly down regulated with Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba treatment. Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba markedly inhibited the RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis through suppression of nuclear factor kappa b (NF-${\kappa}B$) pathway, down stream pathway of p38, ERK and JNK pathway. Taken together, I concluded that Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba have beneficial effect on osteoporosis by inhibition of osteoclast differentiation and by inhibition of functioning osteoclast. Thus I expect that Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba could be a treatment option for osteoporosis.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.72-79
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• 2011

The importance of parallel programming seriously emerges ever since the modern microprocessor architecture has been shifted to the multi-core system. Transactional Memory has been proposed to address synchronization which is usually implemented by using locks. However, the lock based synchronization method reduces the parallelism and has the possibility of causing deadlock. In this paper, we propose an efficient method to utilize transactional memory for the situation which has high contention. The proposed idea is based on the theoretical analysis and it is verified with simulation results. The simulation environment has been implemented using HTM(Hardware Transactional Memory) systems. We also propose a model of the dining philosopher problem to discuss the efficient resource management using the transactional memory technique.

• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.51-67
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• 2002

Over a period of several years there have been a number of queries raised with the ICC Banking Commission as to the determination, by banks, of what is an "original"document under a letter of credit and the necessity, if my, for such a document to be so marked. So, the ICC Banking Commission Decision on original documents was sent to members in July. This Decision emphasizes the need to correctly interpret and apply sub-Article 20(b) of UCP 500. Consequently, about Hand signed documents, Facsimile signed documents, Photocopies and Telefaxed presentation of documents, Banks examine documents presented under a letter of credit to determine, among other things, whether on their face they appear to be original. Banks treat as original any document bearing an apparently original signature, mark, stamp, or label of the issuer of the document, unless the document itself indicates that it is not original. Accordingly, unless a document indicates otherwise, it is treated as original if it : appears to be written, typed, perforated, or stamped by the document issuer's hand; or appears to be on the document issuers original stationery; or states that it is original, unless the statement appears not to apply to the document presented (e.g. because it appears to be a photocopy of another document and the statement of originality appears to apply to that other document).document).

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.65-78
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• 1995

This is a quasi-experimental research to test the effect of using a nursing care scale. This study identified the effects of using a nursing care scale influencing on the nursing performance and job satisfaction. The subjects consisted of 63 staff nurses in 8 medical and surgical units of one hospital affiliated to university hospital in Seoul, and assigned to experimental and control group conveniently. The data were collected in September and December, 1992. The evaluation of the nursing performance were measured by the instrument from a nursing care scale of one univerrsity hospital and job satisfaction was measured by Stamp's Scale (1978). The data were analyzed by percentage distribution, 2-test, Mann-Whitney U Wilcoxon Rank Sum W test, ANCOVA and T-test. The summarized results were as follows : 1. The nursing performance of the experimental group showed markedly increase about 13 areas of nursing care. However no significant difference in the nursing performance between the two groups was found. 2. There was a significant difference in the nursing performance between the experimental and the control group about 7 areas of nursing records(W=22.0, P<.05). 3. After using a nursing scale, there was a significant difference in the nursing performance about nursing care and nursing records between the experimental and the control group(W=25.0, P<.05). Comparing before using a nursing scale with after, there was no significant difference in the nursing performance between two groups. 4. There was no significant difference in job satisfaction between the experimental and the control group. The main reasons for there being no defference in two groups could be the small size sample and the procedure of intervention. Further comparative study is needed using more strictly controlled procedure of intervention.