• ETRI Journal
• /
• 제36권5호
• /
• pp.721-729
• /
• 2014

We propose a novel phase-based method for single-channel speech enhancement to extract and enhance the desired signals in noisy environments by utilizing the phase information. In the method, a phase-dependent a priori signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is estimated in the log-mel spectral domain to utilize both the magnitude and phase information of input speech signals. The phase-dependent estimator is incorporated into the conventional magnitude-based decision-directed approach that recursively computes the a priori SNR from noisy speech. Additionally, we reduce the performance degradation owing to the one-frame delay of the estimated phase-dependent a priori SNR by using a minimum mean square error (MMSE)-based and maximum a posteriori (MAP)-based estimator. In our speech enhancement experiments, the proposed phase-dependent a priori SNR estimator is shown to improve the output SNR by 2.6 dB for both the MMSE-based and MAP-based estimator cases as compared to a conventional magnitude-based estimator.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
• /
• 제20권12호
• /
• pp.1287-1296
• /
• 2009

채널의 상태가 시간에 따라 수시로 변하는 전송 환경에서 수신된 신호에 대한 잡음 비를 추정하는 것이 중요하다. 대부분의 SNR 추정기는 MF(Matched Filter) 후 수신된 샘플로 추정이 이루어진다. 하지만 이런 기법들은 무선 통신에서 채널의 상태에 민감한 특성을 갖는다. 하지만 수신기의 front-end에서 모아진 데이터들을 이용하는 선형 예측(LP: Linear Prediction) 기법을 기반으로 하는 신호 대 잡음 비 추정 알고리즘은 이에 비해 안정된 성능을 보인다. 본 논문에서는 LP 기반의 SNR 추정기를 소개하고, 기존의 LP 기법 기반으로 하는 SNR 추정 알고리즘의 계산 복잡도를 줄이기 위한 새로운 기법을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 알고리즘은 Linear Prediction 오차를 구하는 과정에서 순방향 오차와 그 conjugate 값을 이용하여 SNR 추정 과정을 보다 간단하게 한다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.87-94
• /
• 2011

The decision directed (DD) approach is widely used to determine a priori SNR from noisy speech signals. In conventional speech enhancement systems with a DD approach, a priori SNR is estimated by using only the magnitude components and consequently follows a posteriori SNR with one frame delay. We propose a phase-dependent two-step a priori SNR estimator based on the minimum mean square error (MMSE) in the log-mel spectral domain so that we can consider both magnitude and phase information, and it can overcome the performance degradation caused by one frame delay. From the experimental results, the proposed estimator is shown to improve the output SNR of enhanced speech signals by 2.3 dB compared to the conventional DD approach-based system.

• 방송공학회논문지
• /
• 제18권6호
• /
• pp.927-934
• /
• 2013

본 논문에서는 ISDB-T (Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial) 시스템을 기반으로 한 동기 방식의 OFDM 시스템에서 방송 시스템에서 중요한 지표가 되는 SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) 추정기를 구현하고자 한다. 다양한 SNR 추정 방법 중 복잡도가 적어 ASIC 설계에 적합한 MSE (Mean Square Error) 알고리즘을 사용하여 ISDB-T 시스템의 OFDM 세그먼트를 구성하고 있는 요소 중 방송 정보 데이터를 사용하여 SNR을 추정하는 방법과 분산 파일럿 신호를 사용하여 SNR을 추정하는 방법을 각각 RTL(Register Transfer Level)로 구현하였다. 두 방법을 이상적인 채널인 AWGN (Additive White Gaussian Noise) 채널뿐만 아니라 SFN(Single Frequency Network) 채널 및 주파수 선택적 페이딩 채널과 같이 왜곡된 채널에서 모의실험을 통해 성능을 비교하고 RTL 구현을 통해 복잡도를 비교하여 분산 파일럿 신호를 사용하여 SNR을 추정하는 방법의 성능과 구현의 용이함을 보였다.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• 제29권5호
• /
• pp.607-613
• /
• 2007

Most signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) estimation techniques in digital communication channels derive the SNR estimates solely from samples of the received signal after the matched filter. They are based on symbol SNR and assume perfect synchronization and intersymbol interference (ISI)-free symbols. In severe channel distortion where ISI is significant, the performance of these estimators badly deteriorates. We propose an SNR estimator which can operate on data samples collected at the front-end of a receiver or at the input to the decision device. This will relax the restrictions over channel distortions and help extend the application of SNR estimators beyond system monitoring. The proposed estimator uses the characteristics of the second order moments of the additive white Gaussian noise digital communication channel and a linear predictor based on the modified-covariance algorithm in estimating the SNR value. The performance of the proposed technique is investigated and compared with other in-service SNR estimators in digital communication channels. The simulated performance is also compared to the Cram$\acute{e}$r-Rao bound as derived at the input of the decision circuit.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
• /
• 제46권2호
• /
• pp.46-52
• /
• 2009

본 논문에서는 직교 주파수 분할 다중 접속 방식(Orhogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access) 상향 링크 시스템에서 best linear unbiased estimator (BLUE)의 원리에 기반한 시간 동기 추정 알고리즘을 소개하며, 이 알고리즘을 기반으로 하여, 추정범위 제한 문제를 해결하기 위한 개선된 시간추정 기법을 추가적으로 제안한다. 새로운 추정 알고리즘은 인접한 부반송파 간의 차등 상관관계를 이용하여 주파수 축에서 시간 오차를 추정한다. 차등 상관관계는 시간 오차를 포함한 위상 정보를 나타내고, 채널의 주파수 선택적 특성에 의한 신호 왜곡을 완화시킨다. 기존의 추정 방법과 비교하여 제안된 추정 알고리즘은 비교적 정확한 추정 성능을 보인다. 실험 결과는 제안된 추정기가 상대적으로 작은 오차의 평균과 분산을 가지는 것을 확인하여 준다. 또한 실험은 신호 대 잡음비의 크기가 0에서 20 dB 사이일 때, 시간 추정 오차에 의한 제안된 추정기의 신호 대 잡음비 열화 정도가 0.4 dB 이하인 것을 보여준다. 따라서 제안된 동기 알고리즘은 OFDMA 상향 링크 시스템에서 다중 사용자의 시간동기추정에 적합하다.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제64권12호
• /
• pp.1756-1760
• /
• 2015

This paper focuses on a priori signal to noise ratio (SNR) estimation method for the speech enhancement. There are many researches for speech enhancement with several ambient noise cancellation methods. The method based on spectral subtraction (SS) which is widely used in noise reduction has a trade-off between the performance and the distortion of the signals. So the need of adaptive method like an estimated a priori SNR being able to making a high performance and low distortion is increasing. The decision directed (DD) approach is used to determine a priori SNR in noisy speech signals. A priori SNR is estimated by using only the magnitude components and consequently follows a posteriori SNR with one frame delay. We propose a modified a priori SNR estimator and the weighted rational transfer function for speech enhancement with wind noises. The experimental result shows the performance of our proposed estimator is better Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality scores (PESQ, ITU-T P.862) compare to the conventional DD approach-based systems and different noise reduction methods.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제66권5호
• /
• pp.843-850
• /
• 2017

The EMG amplitude estimator, which has been investigated as an indicator of muscle force, is utilized as the control input to artificial prosthetic limbs. This paper describes an application of the optimal EMG amplitude estimator to the surface EMG signals recorded during constant isometric %MVC (maximum voluntary contraction) for 30 seconds and reports on assessing performance of the amplitude estimator from the application. Surface EMG signals, a total of 198 signals, were recorded from biceps brachii muscle over the range of 20-80%MVC isometric contraction. To examine the estimator performance, a SNR(signal-to-noise ratio) was computed from each amplitude estimate. The results of the study indicate that ARV(average rectified value) and RMS(root mean square) amplitude estimation with forth order whitening filter and 250[ms] moving average window length are optimal and showed the mean SNR improvement of about 50%, 40% and 20% for each 20%MVC, 50%MVC and 80%MVC surface EMG signals, respectively.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.27-31
• /
• 2011

This paper addresses estimating the frequency of a cisoid in the presence of white Gaussian noise, which has numerous applications in communications, radar, sonar, and instrumentation and measurement. Due to the nonlinear nature of the frequency estimation problem, there is threshold effect, that is, large error estimates or outliers will occur at sufficiently low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions. Utilizing the ideas of averaging to increase SNR and weighted linear prediction, an optimal frequency estimator with smaller threshold SNR is developed. Computer simulations are included to compare its mean square error performance with that of the maximum likelihood (ML) estimator, improved weighted phase averager, generalized weighted linear predictor, and single weighted sample correlator as well as Cramer-Rao lower bound. In particular, with smaller computational requirement, the proposed estimator can achieve the same threshold and estimation performance of the ML method.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전자공학회 2007년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.47-48
• /
• 2007

This paper presents an efficient and simple hardware design of signal to noise ratio (SNR) estimator for DVB-S2 system. The estimator investigates the distribution of the received symbols by simply using two comparators and a counter, and calculates the address of an LUT where the corresponding SNR value is located. In this paper, we demonstrate the functional and timing simulation results of the FPGA implementation of proposed structure.