• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 2022

We have investigated the optimal design of an aperiodic optical phased array (OPA) for use in light detection and ranging applications. Three optimization algorithms - particle-swarm optimization (PSO), a genetic algorithm (GA), and a pattern-search algorithm (PSA) - were employed to obtain the optimal arrangement of optical antennas comprising an OPA. The optimization was performed to obtain the minimal side-lobe level (SLL) of an aperiodic OPA at each steering angle, using the three optimization algorithms. It was found that PSO and GA exhibited similar results for the SLL of the optimized OPA, while the SLL obtained by PSA showed somewhat different features from those obtained by PSO and GA. For an OPA optimized at a steering angle <45°, the SLL value averaged over all steering angles increased as the angle of optimization decreased. However, when the angle of optimization was larger than 45°, low average SLL values of <13 dB were obtained for all three optimization algorithms. This implies that an OPA with high signal quality can be obtained when the arrangement of the optical antennas is optimized at a large steering angle.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.738-746
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• 1999

In this paper, a microstrip $18\times2$ dual beam array antenna is designed at 10 GHz. The radiating element is an aperture-coupled patch, and it is analyzed by the transmission line model. The feed is a tapered parallel-series type to reduce the side lobe level. To obtain dual beam at $\pm45^{\circ}$, The difference in phase excitation between the elements is $180^{\circ}$. In conclusion, the side lobe level is 25 dB, and the beam width $8^{\circ}$with two main lobes at $\pm44.5^{\circ}$.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.90-97
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• 2017

In this paper, we propose a new array antenna scheme which has an improved side lobe level (SLL) as well as a simplified feeding network and a high gain. The proposed array scheme is based on a non-uniformly excited sub-array. For analysis, we use an array factor of sub-array antenna. In the simulation results, the simulated SLL and gain provide more than 18.43 dB and 26.63 dBi, respectively. For the verification of the proposed design scheme, the prototype antenna with $16{\times}8$ radiating elements was designed by the proposed array scheme. The measured SLL and gain are more than 19.85 dB and 25.53 dBi, respectively. This measurement result indicates that the proposed array scheme is reasonable.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.69-74
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• 2018

In this paper, We investigated the effects of mesh structure variations of meshed ground on MCAA(Microstrip Comb Array Antenna). First, we designed MCAA in 24GHz ISM band and we investigated the variations of the gain and the SLL(Side Lobe Level) of the MCAA as we varied the mesh structure of the meshed ground. We varied two variables, mesh size and unfilled rato, which is defined as no metal area ratio in mesh for the investigation. We investigated two types of MCAA. Those are flat MCAA composed of flat radiator and tapered MCAA composed of tapered radiator. Both the antenna gains of flat MCAA and tapered MCAA are decreased as the unfilled rato increased. However, increase of mesh size made more dramatic decrease in antenna gain than increase of unfilled rato. The antenna SLL showed similar trend. But tapered MCAA affected more severely by variation of mesh size than flat MCAA.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.414-423
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• 2015

Array error analysis and correction of active array antenna are described in this paper. Array elements composed of radiator and TR(Transmit & Recive) module have error(magnitude and phase difference among array elements) which affects SLL(Side Lobe Level). Error affectedness level depends on ideal SLL according to antenna aperture weighting, number of array elements and antenna effective aperture. To satisfy required SLL, correction of array elements is necessary; adopted differently per errors, and weighted differently per shapes of antenna and required SLL. Errors of every individual element had been defined, performance of the antenna with or without error correction had been estimated and proved through near field test.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.47 no.7
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• pp.128-134
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• 2010

In this paper, a high-power 20-way stripline power divider with low insertion loss and low side lobe level is successfully designed, fabricated and measured as a feed network for an S-band linear array antenna having Dolph-Chebyshev current distribution which has a narrow beam width and very low side lobe level (SLL). The 20-way stripline power divider consists of an 8-way power divider, three 4-way power dividers and three ring hybrids. It utilizes a T-junction structure as a basic element for power dividing. Notches and modified input/output N-to-stripline transitions are used for improving insertion loss and return loss. The fabricated power divider shows insertion loss less than 0.3 ㏈ and rms phase mismatch less than 8o in the full bandwidth. A final 40-way power divider is synthesized by combining symmetrically two 20-way power dividers and is expected to have SLL over 40 dB, based on the measured results of the 20-way power divider.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.105-109
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• 2018

In this paper, the performance enhancement of a time-modulated array is described. The proposed time-modulated array is based on the topology of a conventional array but uses apodized discrete time switching, instead of phase shifters, to achieve beamforming functions with side-band suppression. Numerical simulations are carried out to examine the performance of this beamforming system based on apodized time sequence of 16 elements linear array. Numerical results reveal that the proposed method provides a more flexible and accurate way of producing desired beampatterns with low or ultralow side-lobe level (SLL) compared with the conventional methods.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.46-55
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• 2002

The key component to accomplish the WDM all optical network is an Arrayed Waveguide Grating(AWG) wavelength filter Numerical analysis is necessary for design and analysis of optical components like AWG wavelength filter. Beam Propagation Method(BPM) is the most widely-used method. In this paper, we analyze the difference between the paraxial BPM and the WA-BPM when they are applied to the analysis of InP/InGaAsP/InP AWG wavelength filter. The paraxial BPM is based on paraxial approximation, and the WA-BPM is based on the low order Pade approximant. The side lobe level(SLL) and insertion loss calculated from both methods are compared. The high order Pade approximant will to used to more accurate design and analysis of AWG.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.415-423
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• 2012

This paper specifies on optimized design of wide-band subarray using a Genetic Algorithm. First wide-band radiator was designed at triangle lattice of infinite array structure. It is the radiator of notch type that has a wide-band characteristic of ratio 2:1 between maximum and minimum frequency satisfying active reflection coefficient under -10 dB at boresight. And a Genetic Algorithm was applied to optimize subarray partition of antenna consisting of 1,100 array elements. It was confirmed that an optimized subarray antenna has a 4.5-5.5 dB more improved maximum SLL (Side-Lobe Level) than regular subarray antenna.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.280-288
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• 2009

In this paper, a high-power and low-loss stripline 10-way power divider is designed and fabricated fur the feed network of an S-band linear array antenna with Chebyshev current distribution which has a narrow beam width and low side lobe level(SLL) of 35 dB or more. The unit cell of the power divider is based on a T-junction power divider and the whole divider is comprised of the cascaded unit cells. The multi-stage impedance transformer and modified ring hybrid are used in designing the power divider for performance improvement. And the reflection loss and insertion loss are improved by modifying a connector structure for a coaxial-to-stripline transition.