• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.46-50
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• 2009

The antitumor activity of the roots extract of Pueraria thunbergiana was investigated on the basis of cytotoxicity upon the cultured human tumor cell lines, in vitro. The purification of methylene chloride (MC) soluble part and ethylacetate (EA) soluble part of extract by column chromatography furnished seven isoflavonoids, two triterpenoids, one but-2-enolide. The structures of them were established by chemical and spectroscopic means to be lupeol (1), $\beta$-sitosterol (2), biochanin A (3), (-)-tuberosin (4), calycosin (5), daidzein (6), puerarin (7), daidzin (8), (+)-puerol-B 2-O-$\beta$-glucopyranoside (9), formononetin-7-O-$\beta$-glucopyranoside (10). Each isolates ($1{\sim}10$) were evaluated for inhibitory activities on the proliferation of cultured human tumor cell lines such as A549, SK-OV-3, HCT-15 and SK-MEL-2, respectively.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.11-19
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• 2002

To evaluate the antitumor activity and antimetastatic effects of Bruceae FructusCBF), studies were done experimentally. The results were obtained as follows : 1. In cytotoxicity against A549, SK-MEL-2, MCF-7 and XF498 cell concentration inhibiting cell growth up to below 50% of control was recognized at $25{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of BF. Also BF inhibited cell growth up to below 50% of control against HCT15 cell at $12.5{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, so it showed stronger cytotoxicity against HCT15 cell than another cancer cell. 2. In Inhibitory effect on activity of DNA topoisomerase- I, the $IC_{50}$ was shown $10-50{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of BF. 3. The T/C% was 143.4 in BF treated group in S-180 bearing ICR mice. 4. The concentration inhibiting adhesion of A549 and SK-OV-3 to complex extracellular matrix up to below 30% of control was recognized at $1{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of BF. 5. In pumonary colonization assay, a number of colonies in the lungs were decreased significantly in BF treated group as compared with control group. These results suggested that BF extracts might be usefully applied for prevention and treatment of cancer.

• The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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• v.9
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• pp.139-154
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• 2000

This studies were examined in orther to investigate the object and the method of animal experimental papers on medicinal herbs of cancer therapeutic activities from the reported 23 literatures containing anti-cancer effects of medicinal herbs. The results were obtained as follows: 1. The oriental medicinal therapies on cancer were Pujeung(扶正法), Kuesa(祛邪法), Pujeungkuesa(扶正法邪法). 2. The experimental medicinal herbs of cancers therapy were 103 species, which was used for experimental cancer single or combine. Among then, Houttuyniae herba, Polyporus, Manitis squama, Evodiae fructus, Aucklandiae radix and Pharbitidis semen were effective for cancer treatment, while Houttuyniae herba inhibited tumor cells, but not normal cells. Also, Evodiae fructus, Aucklandiae radix and Pharbitidis semen showed strong cytoxicities on 20 different tumor cell lines, whereas Saururi herba seu rhizoma showed cytoxicity against HT-29 cell, melanoma, SK-MEL-5 cell, and Anemarrhenae rhizoma against ovarian tumor cell only, and Schizonepetae herba against HT-29 cell line only with a potent inhivitory activities. 3. P815 cell, Yac-1 cell, Sarcoma 180 cell, K 562 cell, and SNU-1 cells were frequently used as experimental cancer therapy.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.11-32
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• 2009

Objective : This study was designed to investigate anti-cancer and whitening activities (LC). So it was investigated the effects of LC on proliferation rates of melanoma genetic profile by LC. Methods : The genetic profile for the effect of LC on human derived melanoma cell, SK-MEL-2, was measured using microarray technique, and the functional analysis on these genes were conducted. Total 441 genes were up-regulated and 830 genes down-regulated in cells treated with LC. Genes induced or suppressed by LC were all mainly concerned with basic signalling pathways, which are involved in cell growth, differentiation and migration. Especially, many genes, which are related in apoptosis and cell cycle arrest were up-regulated by treatment with LC, and genes related in cell cycle were down-regulated. Result : The network of total protein interactions were identified by using cytoscape program, and some key molecules, such as BCL2L1, SIN3A, SMAD2 and c-myc that can be used for elucidation of therapeutical mechanism of medicine in the future. Conclusion : These results suggest possibility of LC as addition drug and whitening cosmetics. In addition, it was also suggested that related mechanisms are involved in BCL2L1, SIN3A, SMAD2 and c-myc related signalling pathways.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.35 no.2 s.137
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• pp.164-170
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• 2004

The flavonoids are a very large and important group of polyphenolic natural products, which are united by their derivatization from the heterocycle, flavone. They are distributed in higher plants and occur widely in the fruits and vegetables that make up the human diet. They exhibit a wide range of biological properties, including antitumor, antiinflammatory, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, insecticidal and estrogenic activities. They are also major components of many plant drugs and it is possible that they contribute to the curative properties. For the purpose of developing anticancer agent of natural origin, we have evaluated forty four kinds of naturally occurring flavonoids for the inhibitory activity upon the proliferation of cultured human tumor cells such as A549 (non small cell lung), SK-OV-3 (ovary), SK-MEL-2 (melanoma), XF498 (central nerve system) and HCT-15 (colon) in vitro.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.47-62
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• 2009

Glenditsia spina (GS) can resolve carbuncle, relive swelling, dispel wind and destroy parasites. For these reasons, GS has been widely used as dermatologic agent clinically. In this study, the specific pathways of anti-proliferative effect of GS on human derived melanoma cells were identified. The molecular profile was measured using microarray technique to identify up- or down-regulated genes in SK-MEL-2 cell line. Pathway analysis was done by listing percentage of pathway involvement, and the represented pathways were obtained from KEGG. The transcription factor binding sequences were obtained by Transfac database. By the promoter analysis, up-regulated genes by GS were mainly associated with MAPK, Regulation of actin cytoskeleton, Wnt, Focal adhesion and Long term potentiation pathway. Down-regulated genes by GS were mainly associated with MAPK and Antigen processing and presentation pathway. And some of the transcription factors like Sp1 and NF-Y in up-regulated genes and Oct-1 in down-regulated genes by GS also identified.

• 한국공간정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.12a
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• pp.169-181
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• 2004

SK Telecom has already constructed GIMS system as the base common framework of LBS/GIS service system based on OGC(OpenGIS Consortium)'s international standard for the first mobile vector map service in 2002, But as service content appears more complex, renovation has been needed to satisfy multi-purpose, multi-function and maximum efficiency as requirements have been increased. This research is for preparation ion of GML3-based platform to upgrade service from GML2 based GIMS system. And with this, it will be possible for variety of application services to provide location and geographic data easily and freely. In GML 3.0, it has been selected animation, event handling, resource for style mapping, topology specification for 3D and telematics services for mobile LBS multimedia service. And the schema and transfer protocol has been developed and organized to optimize data transfer to MS(Mobile Stat ion) Upgrade to GML 3.0-based GIMS system has provided innovative framework in the view of not only construction but also service which has been implemented and applied to previous research and system. Also GIMS channel interface has been implemented to simplify access to GIMS system, and service component of GIMS internals, WFS and WMS, has gotten enhanded and expanded function.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.55-61
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• 2011

Objectives: Reactive Oxygen Species(ROS) are continuously produced at a high rate as a by-product of aerobic metabolism. Since tissue damage by free radical, ROS such as hydrogen peroxide($H_2O_2$), nitric oxide(NO) increases with age. Several lines of evidence provided that ROS appears to cause to develop aging-related various diseases such as cancer, arthritis, cardiovascular disease. In this study, we have conducted to investigate the pharmacological effects of red ginseng for the development possibility to pharmacopuncture drug sources or healthy aid foods. Methods: For our aims, it was investigated the biological activities of Red Ginseng ethanol extracts (RGEE) by measuring total polyphenol contents, total flavonoid contents, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity and cell viability of MCF 10A and SK-MEL-2 in vitro with MTT assay method. Results: The total polyphenol contents of RGEE was 3.06${\pm}$0.11mg/g in 10mg/ml, the total flavonoid contents of RGEE was 1.35${\pm}$0.01mg/g in same concentration. The ABTS radical scavenging activity was about 80% and that of DPPH activity was 65% in 50mg/ml of RGEE. The cell viability of SKMEL-2, skin cancer cell line was decreased and that of MCF 10A, skin normal cell line was increased. Conclusions: We conclude that RGEE may be useful as potential functional foods or pharmacopuncture drug sources on the diseases induced by oxidant stress.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.633-639
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• 2016

Biomaterials including polymer, metal, ceramic, and composite have been widely applied for medical uses as medical fibers, artificial blood vessels, artificial joints, implants, soft tissue, and plastic surgery materials owing to their physicochemical properties. However, the biocompatibility and toxicity for film- and plate-form biomaterials is difficult to measure in mammalian cells because there is no appropriate incubation system. To solve these problems, we developed a novel mammalian cell culture system consisting of a silicone ring, top panel, and bottom panel and we applied two polymer films (PF) and one metal plate (MP). This system was based on the principal of sandwiching a test sample between the top panel and the bottom panel. Following the assembly of the culture system, SK-MEL-2 cells were seeded onto Styela Clava Tunic (SCT)-PF, NaHCO₃-added SCT (SCTN)-PF, and magnesium MP (MMP) and incubated at 37℃ for 24 hr and 48 hr. An MTT assay revealed that cell viability was maintained at a normal level in the SCT-PF culture group at 24 or 48 hr, although it rapidly decreased in the SCTN-PF culture group at 48 hr. Furthermore, the cell viability in the MMP culture group was very similar to that of the control group after incubation for 24 hr and 48 hr. Together, these results suggest the sandwich-type mammalian culture system developed here has the potential for the evaluation of the biocompatibility and toxicity of cells against PF- and MP-form biomaterials.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.349-354
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of vanillic acid on the cell viability and melanogenesis in melanocytes damaged by reactive oxygen species (ROS). The human skin melanoma cells (SK-MEL-3) were cultured with various concentrations of hydrogen peroxide $(H_2O_2)$. The cell viability for $H_2O_2$-induced cytotoxicity or vanillic acid against $H_2O_2$ was measured by XTT assay in these cultures. For the effect of vanillic acid on the melanogenesis, the tyrosinase inhibitory activity was measured by colorimetric assay at a wavelength of 490 nm, and melanin synthesis activity were assessed after cells were cultured in the media with or without various cencentrations of vanillic acid. In this study, $H_2O_2$ decreased cell viability dose- and time-dependent manners and $XTT_{50}$ was determined at a concentration of 80 ${\mu}M$, $H_2O_2$. Vanillic acid increased the cell viability dose dependently in human skin melanoma cells damaged by $H_2O_2$-induced cytotoxicity. In the tyrosinase inhibitory activity, vanillic acid supresssed tyrosinase activity in dosedependent manner, and also decreased significantly melanin synthesis activity compared with $H_2O_2$-treated group. From these results. It is suggested that $H_2O_2$-mediated cytotoxicity was highly by the toxic criteria of Borenfreund and Puerner and also, vanillic acid has the protective effect on ROS-induced cytotoxicity and melanogenesis in these cultures.