• 대한전기학회논문지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.253-260
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• 1992

In this study, the dielectric, structural and electrical properties of Pb(ZnS11/3TNbS12/3T)OS13T-BaTiOS13T-PbTiOS13T system ceramics were investigated with respect to the variation of YS12TOS13T addition amount. As the YS12TOS13T addition amount is increased, the resistivity at 100$^{\circ}C$ and the resonant/antiresonant frequencies and the frequency constant are slowly increased, and the grain growth is restrained until 0.4 wt% YS12TOS13T addition amount but continuously increased with the addition amount more than 0.4 wt% YS12TOS13T. As the YS12TOS13T addition amount is increased, the density, the diffuseness of dielectric constant and the induced polarization are increased until 0.4 wt% YS12TOS13T addition.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2002

Soil samples were screened for actinomycete strains capable of producing phospholipase D, and a strain, Streptomyces sp. YU100, showing a high transphosphatidylation activity was isolated. This strain secreted phospholipase D in a culture broth after 12 h of cultivation, and its productivity continued to increase for 36 h of fermentation. In addition, its transphosphatidylation rate of phosphatidylcholine to phosphatidylserine was almost $68\%$ within 1 h. The morphological and chemotaxonomical characteristics showed that this strain could be classified as a number of the Streptomycetaceae family, particularly due to the spiral form of its spore chain consisting of 60-70 smooth spores $(0.75{\times}1.0{\mu}m$) on an aerial mycelium, FA-2c type of fatty acid profile in the cell wall, and LL-DAP component in the cell wall peptidoglycan. A phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rDNA provided a clue that the strain YU100 was actually a member of the genus Streptomyces, because the determined sequence exhibited a higher homology with Streptomyes sp. ASB27, S. peucetius JCM9920, and S. griseus ATCC10137. A dendrogram based on the 16S rDNA sequences also showed a phylogenetic relationship between the strain YU100 and these strains. However, the strain YU100 has not yet been assigned to a particular species, because of absence of any other classified species with a high matching score.

• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제29A권3호
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• pp.87-95
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• 1992

The electrical characteristics of Al/TaS12TOS15T/SiOS12T/Si metal insulator-semiconductor (MIS) capacitors were studied. Tantalum pentoxide thin films on SiOS12T/p-Si substrate have been prepared by thermal oxidation at 450-$600^{\circ}C$ of sputter deposited tantalum films. Composition and structures of the tantalum oxide films were examined by AES and XRD. From the C-V analysis, dielectric constant of TaS12TOS15T which were oxidized at 55$0^{\circ}C$ for 1h in OS12T were 18-23, the value depending on the oxidation and annealing temperature. The leakage current density was found to be about 10S0-10T-10S0-9T A/cmS02T at an applied electric field of 1 MV/cm. The dielectric breakdown strength of the tantalum oxide films annealed at 100$0^{\circ}C$ were in the range from 2.5MV/cm to 2.8 MV/cm.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제26권12B호
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• pp.1695-1702
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 4 Mb/s 부터 100 Mb/s 의 IrDA(Infrared Data Association) 응용이 가능한 CMOS infrared (IR) wireless data link IC의 설계 방법에 대해 기술한다. 이 모듈은 60 dB에서 100 dB가지의 이득 범위를 가지는 variable gain transimpedance amplifier, AGC(automatic gain control) 회로, AOC(automatic offset control) loop, 4 PPM (pulse position modulation) modulator/demodulator와 DLL(delay locked loops)로 구성된다. 본 적외선 광송수신 IC는 0.25 um 1-poly 5-metal CMOS 공정을 이용하여 제작되었다. 2.5 V 전원 전압에서 동작시켰으며 100 Mb/s에서 출력단 버퍼를 제외하고 25 mW의 진력을 소모한다. 칩의 크기는 1.5 mm $\times$ 1 mm이다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.227-239
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• 2009

At the present study, it was aimed to detect virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance genes among 102 strains of 12 Salmonella serotypes isolated from pigs and cattle. In polymerase chain reaction (PCR), invA was detected from all strains of Salmonella spp., spvC was detected from Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) (100%), S. Bradenburg (75%), and S. Typhimurium (20.4%). Drug resistance related genes of 12 types were detected from all strains. TEM ($bla_{TEM}$) gene was detected from 51 (92.7%) of 55 $\beta$-lactams (54 ampicillin or 1 amoxicillin) resistance strains. 55 (100%) of 55 chloramphenicol resistance strains, 3 (100%) of 3 gentamicin resistance strains and 5 (100%) of 5 kanamycin resistance strains did contain cml, aadB, and aphA1-Iab, respectively. strB (89.9%), strA (88.4%), aadA2 (84.1%) and aadA1 (72.5%) were detected from 69 streptomycin resistance strains. sulII and dhfrXII were detected from 49 (100%) of 49 sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim resistance strains, but sulI was not detected. tetA (97.9%) and tetB (21.6%) were detected from 97 tetracycline resistance strains. int gene was detected from 58 (56.9%) of 102 strains. 54 S. Typhimurium of 102 Salmonella spp. were attempted to detect drug resistance genes. TEM was detected from 44 (95.7%) of 46 $\beta$-lactams (45 ampicillin or 1 amoxicillin) resistance strains. cmlA was detected from 51 (100%) of 51 chloramphenicol resistance strains. aadA2 (100%), strA (100%), strB (100%), and aadA1 (79.6%) were detected from 54 streptomycin resistance strains. sulII (100%) and dhfrXII (100%) were detected from 49 sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim resistance strains. tetA was detected from 54 (100%) of 54 tetracycline resistance strains. int gene was detected from 54 (100%) of 54 strains. The major drug resistance pattern and resistance gene profile were ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and tetracycline (ACSSuT) and TEM, cmlA, aadA1, aadA2, strA, strB, sulII, dhfrXII, tetA and int, respectively.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.122-127
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• 2009

Folate is generally considered as a safe water-soluble vitamin for supplementation. However, we do not have enough information to confirm the potential effects and safety of folate supplementation and the interaction with vitamin $B_{12}$ deficiency. It has been hypothesized that a greater methyl group supply could lead to compensation for vitamin $B_{12}$ deficiency. On this basis, the present study was conducted to examine the effects of high-dose folic acid (FA) supplementation on biomarkers involved in the methionine cycle in vitamin $B_{12}$-deficient rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed diets containing either 0 or $100{\mu}g$ (daily dietary requirement) vitamin $B_{12}/kg$ diet with either 2 mg (daily dietary requirement) or 100 mg FA/kg diet for six weeks. Vitamin $B_{12}$-deficiency resulted in increased plasma homocysteine (p<0.01), which was normalized by dietary supplementation of high-dose FA (p<0.01). However, FA supplementation and vitamin $B_{12}$ deficiency did not alter hepatic and brain S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) concentrations and hepatic DNA methylation. These results indicated that supplementation of high-dose FA improved homocysteinemia in vitamin $B_{12}$-deficiency but did not change SAM and SAH, the main biomarkers of methylating reaction.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.100-106
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• 2017

To elucidate new biological ingredients in cold-brew coffee extracted with cold water, crude polysaccharide (CCP-0) was isolated by ethanol precipitation, and its immune-stimulating activities were assayed. CCP-0 mainly comprised galactose (53.6%), mannose (15.7%), arabinose (11.9%), and uronic acid (12.4%), suggesting that it might exist as a mixture of galactomannan and arabinogalactan. CCP-0 significantly increased cell proliferation on both murine peritoneal macrophages and splenocytes in a dose dependent manner. CCP-0 also significantly augmented nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species production by murine peritoneal macrophages. In addition, macrophages stimulated by CCP-0 enhanced production of various cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-12. In an in vitro assay for intestinal immune-modulating activity, CCP-0 showed higher bone-marrow cell-proliferation activity through Peyer's patch cells at $100{\mu}g/mL$ than the negative control. These results suggest that CCP-0 may potentially enhance macrophage functions and the intestinal immune system.

• 천문학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.55-70
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• 1991

Infrared emission maps are constructed at 12.5, 25, 60, and $100{\mu}m$ for dark globules B5, B34, B133, B134, B361, L134 and L1523 by using Infrared Astronomical Satellite data base. These clouds are selected on the basis of their appearance in Palomar print as dark obscuring objects with angular sizes in the range of 3 to 30 arcminutes. The short wavelength(12.5 and $25{\mu}m$) maps show the embedded infrared sources. We found many such sources only in B5, B361 and B34 regions, Diffuse component at 12.5 and $25{\mu}m$, possibly arising from the stochastically heated very small dust grains(a < $0.01{\mu}m$) by interstellar radiation field, is found in B361 and L1523 regions. Such emission is characterized by the limb brightening, and it is confirmed in L1523 and in B361. Infrared emissions at the long wavelengths(60 and $100{\mu}m$) are due to colder dusts with temperature less than 20 K. The distribution of color index determined by the ratio 60 to $100{\mu}m$ intensities shows monotonic decrease of dust temperature toward the center. The black body temperature determined from these ratios is found to lie between 16 and 23 K. Such temperature is possible for small(i.e., $a\;{\lesssim}\;0.01{\mu}m$) graphite grains if the grains are mainly heated by interstellar radiation field. Thus IRAS 100 and $60{\mu}m$ emissions are arising mainly from small grains in the colud. The distribution of such dust grains implied from the emissivity distributions at 100 and $60{\mu}m$ resembles that of isothermal sphere. This contrasts to earlier findings of much steeper distribution of dusts contributing visible extinction. These dust grains are mainly larger ones(i.e., $a{\simeq}0.1{\mu}m$). Therefore we conclude that the average grain size increase, toward the cloud center.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2019

최근 해양분야에서는 해양공간정보의 발전을 위한 범용수로데이터모델 표준인 S-100에 관한 개발과 표준화가 진행되었고, S-100에서는 해도 제작 업무의 효율성과 수심자료의 다목적 활용을 위해 수심과 불확실도, 속성정보가 결합된 BAG 포맷의 S-102(Bathymetric Surface grid) 표준 개발 및 다양한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 선박의 운항에 중요한 수심 정보는 S-102 기반에서 제공됨으로 S-102 제작시 위치정보 보정방법은 수심결정에 중요한 요소이다. 본 연구에서는 국내에서 S-102 제작을 위한 표준화된 방법을 시범 적용하여 수로측량을 실시하였으며, 위치정보의 정확도 비교를 위해 GNSS 후처리 보정방법에 따른 수심 정보의 정확도를 비교하였다. 연구지역의 암반지형 2개소에서 수심을 비교한 결과 남무도 북측 수심은 DL 0.79~0.83m이며, 대호도 동측 수심은 DL 12.63~12.91m로 나타났고, 천소수심의 수평위치 오차는 1m 이내로 확인되었다. 결과적으로 BAG 제작시 위치보정방법에 따른 천소 수심의 오차는 선박의 안전항행에 사용가능한 범위에 있음을 확인하였다. 하지만 수로측량시 선박의 위치에 대한 정확도 검증은 지역특성 및 환경요소에 대한 다양한 추가 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제50권7호
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• pp.122-130
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 주로 고속 디지털 통신시스템 응용을 위해 고해상도, 저전력 및 소면적을 동시에 만족하는 45nm CMOS 공정으로 제작된 4단 파이프라인 구조의 12비트 100MS/s ADC를 제안한다. 입력단 SHA 회로에는 높은 입력 주파수를 가진 신호가 인가되어도 12비트 이상의 정확도로 샘플링할 수 있도록 게이트-부트스트래핑 회로가 사용된다. 입력단 SHA 및 MDAC 증폭기는 요구되는 DC 이득 및 높은 신호스윙을 얻기 위해 이득-부스팅 구조의 2단 증폭기를 사용하며, 넓은 대역폭과 안정적인 신호정착을 위해 캐스코드 및 Miller 주파수 보상기법을 선택적으로 적용하였다. 채널길이 변조현상 및 전원전압 변화에 의한 전류 부정합을 최소화하기 위하여 캐스코드 전류 반복기를 사용하며, 소자의 부정합을 최소화하기 위하여 전류 반복기와 증폭기의 단위 넓이를 통일하여 소자를 레이아웃 하였다. 또한, 제안하는 ADC에는 전원전압 및 온도 변화에 덜 민감한 저전력 기준 전류 및 전압 발생기를 온-칩으로 집적하는 동시에 외부에서도 인가할 수 있도록 하여 다양한 시스템에 응용이 가능하도록 하였다. 제안하는 시제품 ADC는 45nm CMOS 공정으로 제작되었으며 측정된 DNL 및 INL은 각각 최대 0.88LSB, 1.46LSB의 값을 가지며, 동적성능은 100MS/s의 동작속도에서 각각 최대 61.0dB의 SNDR과 74.9dB의 SFDR을 보여준다. 시제품 ADC의 면적은 $0.43mm^2$ 이며 전력소모는 1.1V 전원전압 및 100MS/s 동작속도에서 29.8mW이다.