• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.206-213
• /
• 2009

Sophora flavescens, as a traditional herbal medicine, has been used to treat with a variety of disesases, In previous reports, S. flavescens and sophoraflavanone G (a prenylated flavonoid from S. flavescens) inhibited cytokines productions in LPS-induced Raw 264.7 macrophages cells and BV2 microglial cells. We examined on the anti-allergic effect of S. flavescens on the PMA plus A23187-induced rat leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells. S. flavescens inhibited the release of $\beta$-hexosaminidase and productions and expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-$\alpha$, interleukin (IL)-4 and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in a dose-dependent manner on stimulated RBL-2H3 cells, however, S. flavescens not affect cell viability. The protein expression level of nuclear factor (NF)-${\kappa}B$ (p65) was decreased in the nucleus and suppressed the degradation of inhibitory protein $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$ protein, the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) by S. flavescens. These results suggest that S. flavescens could be involved anti-allergic effect by control of $NF-{\kappa}B$ (p65) translocation into the nucleus through inhibition of $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$ degradation and suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines expression.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.384-389
• /
• 2012

As part of our screening of anticariogenic agents from medicinal plants, the ethanol extracts of 25 herbs widely used in the fork medicine were tested for the antimicrobial activity against a cariogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175. The ethanol extracts of Coptis chinensis, Sophora flavescens, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Mentha arvensis, and Saururus chinensis showed antimicrobial activities against S. mutans. The extracts of Coptis chinensis and Sophora flavescens among these medicinal plants showed significant antomicrobial activity against S. mutans. These results suggested that the extracts of Coptis chinensis and Sophora flavescens could be the potential source of antimicrobial agent against S. mutans ATCC 25175.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.36-41
• /
• 2002

The aim of this study was to assess the antitoxic compounds, flavanones(Leachianone A=LA and Sophoraflavanone G=SFG), from Sophora flavescens(S. flavescens). We investigated the possibility of antitoxicity of LA and SFG against NIH 3T3 fibroblasts cell lines using calorimetric MTT[3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl -2H-tetra-azolium bromide] assay. The results were as follows : After cadmium was treated against NIH 3T3 cell lines, we determined IC$\_$50/. Accordingly we have examined the detoxification effects of S. flavescens, LA and SFG under cadmium IC$\_$50/=12.5$\mu$M and was carried out to observe morphological changes by the light microscopic study In NIH 3T3 cells, Sophora flavescens, LA, SFG and LA + SFG showed inhibitory effects on the cytotoxicity of cadmium and these detoxication effects increased in proportion to the concentration of these drugs. These results suggest that LA and SFG from S. flavescens retain a potential antitoxic activity.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.25-29
• /
• 2013

Objectives : The dried root of Sophora flavescens Aiton have been used to treat patient with skin diseases such as eczema in Eastern countries. S. flavescens can clear away heat and dry dampness and purge sthenic-fire from the liver and gallbladder. Recently, anti-allergic effect of S. flavescens has been reported. However, the effect on skin condition of contact dermatitis still remains unknown. Thus, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of S. flavescens on contact dermatitis. Methods : In order to investigate the effects of S. flavescens (methanol extract of S. flavescens, MESR) on skin condition, the contact dermatitis was induced in mice skin by using 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB). As the effective endpoints, skin thickness, skin weight, histopathological change were checked. In addition, effects on skin lesion, body weight and spleen/body weight ratio were also investigated. Results : Topical application of MESR ($500{\mu}g/day$) lowered skin thickness (P < 0.05) and skin weight (P < 0.05), respectively. MESR-treated group showed diminished spongiosis and immune cell infiltration in skin tissues compared to those of non-treated control group. The inhibition of skin lesions was also observed in MESR-treated group. In addition, MESR did not affect body weight gain and spleen/body weight ratio in contrast with those in dexamethasone-treated group. Conclusion : These data suggest that Sophorae Radix could improve skin lesion of contact dermatitis. This indicates the possibility for Sophorae Radix to be used to patients with skin diseases such as contact dermatitis.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.539-546
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study is to investigate antibacterial activities of Sophora flavescens Ait. extracts for the prevention of dental caries caused by Streptococcus mutans. The fraction 5-4-3 of the ethyl acetate soluble extract of Sophora flavescens Ait. Showed strong growth inhibition activity against Streptococcus mutans (MIC, 3.13 ${\mu}$g/ml). The glucosyltransferase activity inhibited the formation of glucan by the fraction 5-4-3 and showed 77% of the antiproliferative effect at 100 ${\mu}$g/ml. This showed a significant activity (p<0.05). These results suggest that the fraction 5-4-3 of the ethyl acetate soluble extract of Sophora flavescens Ait. may be a valuable material as the prevention of dental caries.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.9-26
• /
• 2004

Texa of Lycoris in Korea were classified as five species with two varieties and revised taxonomically. Among the examined taxa, five Korean endemic plants were clarified: Lycoris flavescens M. Kim et S. Lee, L. uydoensis M. Kim, L. chejuensis Tae et S. Ko, L. chinensis var. sinuolata Tae et S. Ko, and L. sanguinea var. koreana (Nakai) T. Koyama. It was found that L. flavescens, L. uydoensis, and L. chejuensis were the natural hybrids between taxa of M+T karyotype and A karyotype. A specimen collected on Aug. 20, 1987 by M. Kim was designated as a holotype of Lycoris flavescens M. Kim et S. Lee. Lycoris flavescens var. uydoensis was ranked up to L. uydoensis. A key to all species including descriptions of each taxon was provided.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.45-51
• /
• 2000

This study was carried out to evaluate cytotoxicity of the methanol extract from Sophora flavescens Ait. against L1210 (lymphocytic leukemia) and $P388D_1$ (lymphoid neoplasma) Cells in vitro. We have determined cytotoxicity by the MTT (3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H- tetrazolium bromide) assay. The order of cytotoxicity of Sophora flavescens Ait. extracts against L1210 and $P388D_1$ cells in vitro is as follows: Fr. 4 > Fr. 3 > Fr. 5 > Fr. 2 > Fr. 1. These results suggest that the fraction 4 of the methanol extracts from Sophora flavescens Ait. may be a valuable choice for the development of antitumor agents. In order to develop an antimicrobial agent, dried Sophora flavescens Ait. was extracted with hot methanol, and then antimicrobial activity (MIC test) was investigated. In this study, the fraction 3 of the methanol extracts from the roots of S. flavescens showed strong growth inhibition activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (MIC, $3.125\;{\mu}g/ml$) such as S. mutans, S. epidermidis and P. putida. These results indicate that fractions 3 and 4 inhibit tumor cells and bacteria.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2008.10a
• /
• pp.865-869
• /
• 2008

This study was carried out to research antimicrobial agents from medicinal plants, Pueraria thunbergiana, Sophora flavescens, Lonicera japonica, Pinellia ternata, Dictamnus dasycarpus, Paeonia lactiflora, Angelica dahurica, Spirodela polyrhiza, Cryptotympana pustulata, Pinus densiflora, Cimicifuga heracleifolia, Bupleurum falcatum, Magnolia kobus, Artemisia princeps, Houttuynia cordata, Forsythia koreana, Arctium lappa, Castanea crenata, Aster tataricus, Citrus unshiu, Gardenia jasminoides, Ledebouriella seseloides, Hovenia dulcis, Prunus sargentii. The ethanol extracts of 24 medicinal plants were tested for the antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans. The extracts of Sophora flavescens, Pinus densiflora, Cimicifuga heracleifolia, Gardenia jasminoides and Ledebouriella seseloides showed antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans. The extracts of Pinus densiflora and Sophora flavescens among these medical plants showed significant antimicrobial activity against Streptcoccus mutans. These results suggested that the extracts from Pinus densiflora and Sophora flavescens could be the potential source of antimicrobial agents against S. mutans.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.420-424
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study is to investigate anticariotic activity of the ethyl acetate soluble extract of Sophora flavescens Ait. for the prevention of dental caries and glucosyltransferase activity caused by Streptococcus mutans. The fraction 5-4-3 showed strong growth inhibition activity against Streptococcus mutans (MIC, 3.13 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml). The glucosyltransferase activity of the active fraction 5-4-3 inhibited the formation of glucan and showed 77% of the antiproliferative effect at 100 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml (P<0.05). Two flavanones, (2S)-2'-methoxy kurarinone (1) and (+)-kurarinone (2), were isolated from the active fraction 5-4-3 of the ethyl acetate soluble extract of S. flavescens Ait. Their structures were elucidated using spectroscopic methods.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.33-37
• /
• 2004

Objective: The aim of this work is to investigate the antibacterial activity of the Sohporaflavanone G isolated from Sophora flavescens (S. flavescens), as the development of microbial resistance to antibiotics make it essential to constantly look for new and active compounds effective against pathogenic bacteria. Method : Sophoraflavanone G was isolated from the dried roots of Sophora flavescens Aiton (Leguminosae) by bioassay?guided fractionation. We investigated the effect of sophoraflavanone G on oral bacterial at various concentrations after incubation of 24 h in strains in the dose?dependent manner. Results: The structure of active compound, Sophoraflavanone G having a lavandulyl group at C?8, was elucidated on the basis of spectral data especially 1H?NMR and I3C?NMR. The antimicrobial activity showed that Sophoraflavanone G exhibited antimicrobial activilies against all the bacteria tested (MICs, 0.39 - 6.25 ㎍／ml). Sophoraflavanone G showed the strong antimicrobial activity against all the facultative bacteria and microaerophilic bacteria (MICs, 0.78 - 1.56 ㎍／ml) and also Sophoraflavanone G showed the strong antimicrobial activity against obligate anaerobic bacteria (MICs, 0.39 - 6.25 ㎍／ml).