• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.230-234
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• 2006

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) has been identified in commercial chrysanthemum cultivars in Korea. Nucleotide sequences of the N gene of TSWV-ch14 isolated from infected chrysanthemum were determined and deposited in GenBank under accession no. DQ453158. The symptoms consisted of dark colored leaf necrosis, black streaks along the stem, wilting of plant parts in 'Sinma'; and chlorotic spots, necrosis of axillary shoots and withering of leaves in 'Hwarang'. Electron micrographs of leaf preparation of Nicotiana rustica infected with TSWV-ch14 contained spherical particles around 85 nm in diameter. TSWV was identified from chrysanthemum by sequence determination of N nucleocapsid protein and virion observation by transmission electron microscope. This is the first reported observation on TSWV in chrysanthemum in Korea.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.164-167
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• 2006

An immunocapture reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (IC/RT-PCR) was developed for simultaneous detection of two pepper-infecting RNA viruses, Pepper mud mottle virus (PMMoV) and Tobacco mild green mosaic virus (TMGMV). The assay could be performed in a single tube for simultaneous and sensitive detection of these tobamoviruses. This detection system revealed thousand-fold increase in detection sensitivity compare to ELISA. This method could save time and reagent cost compare to common RT-PCR which needs several reactions and several procedures of viral RNA extractions for the same number of samples.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.11-16
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• 2004

This study was conducted to find the powerful free radical scavenging effect in methanol extracts from 35 kinds of Korean medicinal plants obtained from the Plant Extract Bank as natural plant products. Antioxidant activity of the plant extracts was determined by measuring the scavenging effect of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl radical (DPPH). In the screening of plant extracts tested, at 200 ppm level, almost all plantex tracts showed significantly high antionidant activity. In the reinvestigation of 15 kinds of Korean medicinal plants at 50 ppm level selected as good sources with good free radical scavenging effect at 200 ppm level, the DPPH scavenging effects were similar to those of L-ascorbic acid in whole plant extract of Fragaria yezoensis (90.4％), in the plant stems and roots extract of Gingko biloba, and the leaves extract of Rhododendron mucronulatum var. ciliatum (90％). The fruits extract of Cornus officinalis showed the strongest antioxidant activity (95％). These results suggest that the methanol extracts from Korean medicinal plants can be a potential source of antioxidants that can be used to control oxidative stress in the body, But further study is needed to measure their safety for consumption

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.8 no.1 s.15
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• pp.41-59
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• 2002

The condition and management of land resources has become an increasing matter of concern in recent years, because of the pressure placed upon land for agricultural use by expanding populations and economic development. Pressures upon land quality can lead to various forms of land degradation, such as in soil erosion, soil fertility decline, adverse changes in water resources, salinization of irrigated areas, or decline in the biological condition of forests or rangelands. In 1992, World Bank estimates that the cost of degraded areas has been estimated as 10-50 times higher than that of measures to prevent degradation. Based upon a survey interviewed with people living in rural areas, the present study argue that it is important to establish policies for preventing changes in agricultural land use, to provide early warning of adverse trends and identification of problem areas. The present study also stresses that stewardship of agricultural land resources plays a leading role in achieving sustainable rural development not to mention agricultural and forestry production.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.130-138
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• 2010

Orchid fleck virus (OFV) is an unassigned plant virus in the family Rhabdoviridae. OFV was isolated from Cymbidium sp. showing oval necrotic lesions on their leaves in Korea, and designated as OFV-NHHS1. The complete nucleotide sequence of the RNA1 (6,413 nt) (GenBank accession no. AB516442) and RNA2 (6,001 nt) (GenBank accession no. AB516441) was determined in this study. RNA1 and RNA2 contained five and one ORF respectively. RNA1 encodes nucleocapsid (N) of 49 kDa, ORF2 of 26 kDa, ORF3 of 38 kDa, ORF4 of 20 kDa and glycoprotein (G) of 61 kDa proteins, whereas RNA2 encodes a single polymerase of 212 kDa. OFV-NHHS1 shared extremely high similarity of 98.6-100% and 98.9-99.6% in nucleotidle and amino acid sequences with a Japanese isolate, OFV-so, respectively. However, the N, G and L of OFV-NHHS1 revealed 6.9-19.3%, 7.3-12.0%, and 13.4-26.6% identities to those of 29 Rhabdoviruses, respectively. To survey the infection rate of OFV in commercial orchids in Korea, 51 Cymbidium sp., 10 Phalaenopsis sp., 22 Oncidium sp. and 21 Dendrobium sp. plants that showed typical viral symptoms were collected. RT-PCR with specific primers for detection of Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV), ORSV and OFV showed high infection rate by ORSV alone and double infection by ORSV and CymMV. One of the orchids tested was infected with OFV. This is the first report of the complete nucleotide sequences of OFV isolated in Korea.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.361-368
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• 2005

A Korean isolate of Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV-Kr) was isolated from a diseased hot pepper plant and its biological and molecular properties were compared to that of PMMoV-J and PMMo V -So The genomic RNA of PMMoV-Kr consists of 6,356 nucleotides. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences identities of four viral proteins and two noncoding regions among PMMoV-Kr, PMMoV-S and PMMoV-J were $96.9\%\;to\;100.0\%\;and\;97.5\%\;to\;98.6\%$, respectively. Full-length cDNA amplicon of PMMoV-Kr was directly amplified by RT-PCR with a set of 5'-end primer anchoring T7 RNA promoter sequence and 3'-end virus-specific primer. Capped transcript RNAs from the full-length cDNA clone were highly infectious and caused characteristic symptoms of wild type PMMoV when mechanically inoculated to systemic host plants such as Nicotiana benthamiana and pepper plants.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.143-152
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to provide practical data for proposing the housing environment support policy, fit for returners-to-village. For the purpose, this study focused the patterns of returners-to-village according to their experience of rural life, and their ways of settlement like planning and getting land and house. The questionnaires were answered by 91 persons who were living in Chungbuk area, and were analyzed chi-analysis on their socio-demographic characteristics according to experience of rural life, preparation of settlement and construction. The ANOVA were used to analyze their pattern of return according to experience, the period for getting house, and their satisfaction level of house size. The results were as follows. First, the returners showed differentiated tendency according to their experience of rural life, in their age, family life cycle, education level and income source after return. The experience of rural life explained the purpose of return and the living pattern after return. Direct experience group was mostly occupational farmer; indirect experience group mostly pursued good health & green life; non experience group mostly pursued green life. Second, the experience of rural life also explained differentiated tendency of returning preparation. In raising money, direct experience group mostly raised it privately but indirect or non experience group mostly used bank loan. Third, the returners mostly constructed new houses; non experience group almost constructed newly, but there were cases to utilize existing or vacant house in direct experience group, and indirect experience group favored existing house or remodeling of vacant house.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.598-606
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• 2013

Anther is the major organ of flower in responsible to reproduction and outward appearance. From anther-specific cDNA library of Lilium Oriental Hybrid 'Acapulco', 2000 expressed sequence tags were selected randomly. Differential slot blot analysis with cDNA probes from the anther and leaf was used to get anther-expressed clone and 570 non-redundant ESTs were obtained and sequenced. Compared to the GenBank database using BLASTX algorithm, 191 clones showed significant similarity but others (66.5%) did not measured to known sequence. Functional categories according to gene ontology (GO) annotation included sequence representing a significant portion of protein in cell and cell part respectively. A transcriptional analysis at 7 different organs and developmental stage was performed using northern blot with thirty ESTs as putative anther specific gene. This report suggest that selection of anther expressed clone using differential slot blot was considered as very effective tool and our current study can provide fundamental information on the lily anther including pollen furthermore.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.546-551
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• 2006

It considered the population decrease and becoming older in age of the Rural area and operates by unmaned-non power which self-controlled gate developed. The operational principal used a buoyancy and when water level in the canal arrived to the set water level, in order for gate to be opened. The plate in order to fix to the shape in the canal which begs, it did in the quadrilateral and the rainfall it is sour intensively, canal bank comfort plate in order to ascend completely, it designed. The result which establishes Self-controlled gate, the gate upstream 1km until degree there was water level synergistic effect. It developed 4 as the research project and it established in Ah San city, and it establishes the Self-controlled gate of $B3.2m{\times}H2.4m$ size in Damyang and 100ha it does water supply in the rice field.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.303-309
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• 2022

The goal of this research is to examine how credit (loan) can help rural households in Tra Vinh province create jobs in the wake of the COVID-19 outbreak in Vietnam over the last two years. The authors performed a direct survey, using a questionnaire, with 300 customers who had loan records at the Tra Vinh VBSP branch under the loan programs. From January to April 2021, jobs will be available at 07 transaction offices in districts and cities (Cau Ngang; Duyen Hai, Tieu Can, Cang Long, Tra Vinh City, Chau Thanh, Tra Cu). Using the multivariate regression method, the research has found 12 factors affecting the ability to access the employment loan program: Age, Educational Level, Occupation of households, Income, Household land area, Asset, Loan, Interest rates, Loan procedures, Loan purpose, Credit relations. From the above research results, the authors have proposed solutions to improve the ability to access credit to create jobs for each subject group at Viet Nam Bank for Social Policies, Tra Vinh Province in the future.