• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.224.2-224.2
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• 2007

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.294-298
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• 2010

Thirty-two tomato cultivars, eleven cherry tomato cultivars and eight rootstock tomato cultivars were inoculated with Meloidogyne incognita, to evaluate tomato cultivars for resistance against root-knot nematodes. One tomato cultivar, Homerunking was proved to be resistant while eight cultivars such as Regendsummer, Regend, Sunmyung, Pinktop, Top3, Delice, Tasha and Lilyance were moderately resistant to the root-knot nematodes. Five cherry tomato cultivars (Tenten, Desert, Redstar, Veryking and Arigatto) showed moderate resistance and one cultivar (Redcherry) was resistant to root-knot nematodes. In eight rootstock tomato cultivars, two cultivars (Bukinghagae, Special) were resistant and five cultivars (B-blocking, Solution, Dongbanja and Greenpower) were moderate.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.127-132
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• 2008

In bioreactor cultures of plants, inoculum density is an important factor affecting growth and proliferation of the plantlets. To maximize shoot growth and proliferation of grape rootstock '5BB' in bioreactors, inoculum density varied at 15, 30, 45 and 60 single nodes in a 3-liter scale balloon type bioreactor, respectively and cultured for 40 days. Results suggested that the growth and the photosynthesis of the plantlet were greatly affected by inoculum density in the bioreactor. The inoculum density of 45 nodes resulted in the greatest growth (910.4 mg/shoot FW, 764.4 mg/root FW) followed by 30 nodes. $CO_2$ assimilation rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate of the plantlet were also highest at the inoculum density of 45 nodes. Significant reduces in shoot and root growth (426.5 mg/shoot FW, 248.4 mg/root FW) were observed at the inoculum density of 60 nodes. When the inoculum density decreased by 15 nodes, plantlets were malformed due to hyperhydricity, resulting in the highest transpiration rate and the lowest $CO_2$ assimilation rate. The plantlets stressed by the inoculum density at 15 nodes and 60 nodes showed larger number and irregular shape of stomata compared to the plantlets inoculated with 45 nodes.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.358-363
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• 2006

Results on growth and fruit elongation and quality by rootstock sort of oriental melon were followed; Growth of upper part of oriental melon was faster grafted seedlings than self-root seedlings and among grafted seedlings, Elite and Shintozoa rootstocks were better than Hongtozoa. Growth of Elite and Shintozoa rootstocks, stem length and leaf number, were laster after 30 days of seedling transplant. Fruit elongation had no difference in rootstocks sort. Fruit weight was higher Elite and Shintozoa grafted seedlings than self-root seedlings but soluble solid contents of fruit was higher self root seedlings, $13.9^{\circ}Brix$, than Elite grafted seedlings, $12.5^{\circ}Brix$.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2016

We isolated and confirmed two S-RNases, denoted as mpS1 and mpS2, from apple rootstock 'Marubakaido' (Malus prunifolia Borkh. Var. ringo Asami). These S-RNases contained and conserved five cysteine residues and two histidine residues, which are essential for RNase activity. The mpS1 showed high similarity to S5 (99.1%) of Malus spectabilis, whereas the mpS2 showed 99.5% nucleotide sequence similarity to S26 of (Malus ${\times}$ domestica) and 99.6% to S35 of (Malus sieversii) when compared with reported S-RNases. In amino acid sequences, the mpS1-RNase was almost similar to the S5-RNase of Malus spectabilis, and the mpS2-RNase was similar to the S35 of Malus sieversii, with only one bp being different from the S26-RNase of Malus ${\times}$ domestica. The 57 S-RNases of Malus species were renamed and rearranged containing the new S-RNases, as mprpS35 (mpS2) and mprpS57 (mpS1), for determining S-genotypes and identifying new alleles from apple species (Malus spp.).

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.614-622
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• 2014

Melons (Cucumis melo L.) are generally grafted onto Cucurbita rootstocks to manage soilborne pathogens such as Monosporascus root rot and v ine decline (MRR/VD) and Fusarium wilt. However, g rafting onto Cucurbita rootstocks reportedly results in the reduction of fruit quality. In this study, the resistance to MRR/VD, yield, and fruit quality of melons grafted onto melon rootstocks were evaluated under greenhouse conditions. Eight melon rootstocks (R1 to R8) were used and the inodorus melon 'Homerunstar' was used as scion. Melon rootstocks R1 to R6 were selected based on resistance to MRR/VD under greenhouse conditions. Non-grafted 'Homerunstar' and plants grafted onto squash interspecific hybrid 'Shintozwa' rootstock (Cucurbita maxima D. ${\times}$ C. moschata D.) served as controls. Grafted melons were cultivated in the greenhouse infested with Monosporascus cannonballus during two growing seasons (summer and autumn). The responses to MRR/VD, yield, and fruit quality differed depending on the rootstocks and growing season. The melons grafted onto 'Shintozwa' exhibited less severe disease symptoms and higher survival rates than non-grafted melons in both seasons. While the melon rootstocks in the summer cultivation did not increase the survival rate compared to non-grafted melons, the melon rootstocks R1 and R2 in the autumn cultivation led to higher survival rates. The melon rootstocks resistant to MRR/VD increased the percentage of marketable fruits and marketable yields. Grafting onto the melon rootstocks caused little or no reduction of fruit quality such as low calcium content, fruit softening, and vitrescence, especially in lower-temperature autumn season. Accordingly, these results suggest that grafting onto the melon rootstocks may increase the tolerance to MRR/VD and the marketable yield without a reduction of fruit quality.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.323-330
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• 2006

We investigated the impact of watermelon grafted onto Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus (CGMMV)-resistant transgenic watermelon rootstock on insects as non-target organisms in a greenhouse in 2005. We quantitatively collected insect assemblages living on leaves and flowers, and we used sticky traps to collect alate insects. We compared the patterns of insect assemblages and community composition, cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) on watermelon leaves and western flower thrip (Frankliniella occidentalis Trybom) on watermelon male flowers, between CGMMV-resistant transgenic watermelon (TR) and non-transgenic watermelon (nTR). Non-parametric multidimensional scaling (NMS) ordination verified that insect assemblages on leaves and sticky traps were different between TR and nTR (P<0.05). The insect assemblages on male flowers were not statistically significant. Multi-response permutation procedures proofed our results from NMS results (P>0.05). Conclusively, TR watermelons appear to have some adverse effects on the population of cotton aphids on leaves and sticky traps, but watermelon male flowers do not show an adverse effect. Further research is required to assess the effect of TR on the aphid and western flower thrip. Life table experiments might support the specific reason for the adverse effects from leaf assemblages. Assessment of non-target impacts is an essential part of the risk assessment of non-target insects for the impact of transgenic organisms.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.10-14
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• 2008

Batcterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is one of important and widespread diseases worldwide as well as in Korea. Bacterial wilt disease caused by R. solanacearum has been reported mainly in solanaceous crops including eggplant (Solanum melongena), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), potato (S. tuberosum), and pepper (Capsicum annuum). A total of 48 strains of R. solanacearum from eggplant were collected during 2005 and 2006. They were confirmed as R. solanacearum by PCR amplification with primer pair flipcF/flipcR resulting in production of 470-bp DNA fragment. The 15 isolates exhibited pathogenicity on eggplant and tomato, but less virulent on pepper than other species. The biovar of collected isolates, which have been reported of five types worldwide, were classified as biovars 3 and 4 by physiological test. Biovar 4 was the dormant type without pathogenicity on eggplant rootstock, whereas biovar 3 had pathogenicity on eggplant rootstocks that is resistant to R. solanacearum, indicating necessity of breeding new rootstock with resistance to R. solanacearum biovar 3

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.23 no.9
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• pp.1079-1087
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• 2013

Speed germination success and robust vegetative growth of citrus rootstock through improved sowing methods and fertilizer inputs offer the usage of root system for the citrus. The current study evaluated the influence of seed coat removal and different fertilizer concentrations on plant germination and plant growth of spontaneous rootstock siblings. Decoated and coated seeds of diploid and tetraploid plants were sown in tubes. Commercial fertilizer concentrations of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and $10g{\cdot}l^{-1}$ were added. The experimental layout followed a randomized block $2{\times}6$ factorial design (seed coat removal ${\times}$ fertilizer concentration) for each rootstock. Fertilizer concentrations were 0, 10, 20 and $30g{\cdot}l^{-1}$ of the fertilizer for the resistance of the strength on the salt level. The germination rate of seeds without testa sown in vitro was improved (67-80%) compared to that of nontreated seeds. The eventual tree height of the seeds without testa in the diploid group was increased due to higher fertilization compared to that in the nontreated group. The removal of seed testa promoted the seed germination of both diploid and tetraploid trifoliate orange and resulted in greater height. Their vegetative development was also increased due to the increased fertilization of the rootstock. The Fv/Fm value for the diploid plants was 0.4 and 0.8 for the tetraploid ones under salt stress after 11 days of treatment. The removal of seed testa may improve the seed germination of trifoliate orange. Tetraploid trifoliate orange appears to possess resistance to salt stress compared to the diploid variety.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.33-37
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• 2006

Bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria Standl.) has been used as a rootstock for the watermelon cultivation because of better growth ability at low temperature and avoidance from contamination of the soil disease. Since the genetic source for the elite rootstock is limited in nature, the genetic engineering method is inevitable to develop new lines especially to obtain the functionally important or multi-disease resistant bottle gourd. Recently, our lab has set up a successful system to transform the bottle gourd. in order to monitor the transformation process, GFP gene is used. Cotyledons of the inbred line 9005, 9006 and G5 were used to induce the shoot under the selection media with MS + 30 g/L sucrose + 3.0 mg/L BAP + 100 mg/L kanamycin + 500 mg/L cefotaxime + 0.5 mg/L $AgNO_3$, pH 5.8. The shoot was developed from the cut side of the explants after 3 weeks on the selection media. The shoot was incubated in the rooting media with 1/2 MS + 30 g/L sucrose + 0.1 mg/L IAA + 50 mg/L kanamycin + 500 mg/L cefotaxime, pH 5.8 and moved to pot for acclimation. Although the shoot development rate was depended on the genotype, the G5 was the best line to be transformed. Monitoring GFP expression from the young shoot under microscope could make the selection much easier to distinguish the transformed shoot from the non-transformed shoots.