Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5141/JEFB.2006.29.4.323

Environmental Risk Assessment of Watermelon Grafted onto Transgenic Rootstock Resistant to Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus (CGMMV) on Non-Target Insects in Conventional Agro-Ecosystem  

Yi, Hoon-Bok (Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology(KRIBB))
Park, Ji-Eun (Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology(KRIBB))
Kwon, Min-Chul (Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology(KRIBB))
Park, Sang-Kyu (Department of Biological Science, Ajou University)
Kim, Chang-Gi (Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology(KRIBB))
Jeong, Soon-Chun (Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology(KRIBB))
Yoon, Won-Kee (Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology(KRIBB))
Park, Sang-Mi (Biotechnology Institute, Nong Woo Bio Co.)
Han, Sang-Lyul (Biotechnology Institute, Nong Woo Bio Co.)
Harn, Chee-Hark (Biotechnology Institute, Nong Woo Bio Co.)
Kim, Hwan-Mook (Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology(KRIBB))
Publication Information
Journal of Ecology and Environment / v.29, no.4, 2006 , pp. 323-330 More about this Journal
Abstract
We investigated the impact of watermelon grafted onto Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus (CGMMV)-resistant transgenic watermelon rootstock on insects as non-target organisms in a greenhouse in 2005. We quantitatively collected insect assemblages living on leaves and flowers, and we used sticky traps to collect alate insects. We compared the patterns of insect assemblages and community composition, cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) on watermelon leaves and western flower thrip (Frankliniella occidentalis Trybom) on watermelon male flowers, between CGMMV-resistant transgenic watermelon (TR) and non-transgenic watermelon (nTR). Non-parametric multidimensional scaling (NMS) ordination verified that insect assemblages on leaves and sticky traps were different between TR and nTR (P<0.05). The insect assemblages on male flowers were not statistically significant. Multi-response permutation procedures proofed our results from NMS results (P>0.05). Conclusively, TR watermelons appear to have some adverse effects on the population of cotton aphids on leaves and sticky traps, but watermelon male flowers do not show an adverse effect. Further research is required to assess the effect of TR on the aphid and western flower thrip. Life table experiments might support the specific reason for the adverse effects from leaf assemblages. Assessment of non-target impacts is an essential part of the risk assessment of non-target insects for the impact of transgenic organisms.
Keywords
CGMMV transgenic watermelon; Cotton aphid; Non-target impacts; Western flower thrip;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Badosa E, Moreno C, Montesinos E. 2004. Lack of detection of ampicillin resistance gene transfer from Bt176 transgenic corn to culturable bacteria under field conditions. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 48: 169-178   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Cowgill SE, Atkinson HJ. 2003. A sequential approach to risk assessment of transgenic plants expressing protease inhibitors: effect on nontarget herbivorous insects. Transgenic Res 12: 439-449   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Cranshaw W. 2004. Garden insects of north America; The ultimate guide to backyard bugs. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey
4 Dale P. 2002. The environmental impact of genetically modified (GM) crops-A review. J Agri Sci 138: 245-248
5 Delaplane KS, Mayer DF. 2000. Crop pollination by bees. CABI. London, UK
6 Fraley R. 1992. Sustaining the supply. Bio Technology 10: 40-43   DOI
7 Goh HG, Kim JH, Han MW. 2002. Application of Aphidus colemani Viereck for control of the aphid in Greenhouse. J Asia-Pacific Entomol 4: 171-174   DOI
8 Griffiths BS, Geoghegan IE, Robertson WM. 2000. Testing genetically engineered potato, producing the lectins GNA and Con A, on non-target soil organisms and processes. J Appl Ecol 37: 159-170   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Higgins CJ, Mayer JH. 1992. Sex ratio patterns and population dynamics of western flower thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Environ Entomol 21: 322-330   DOI
10 Hilbeck A, Andow DA, Fontes EMG. 2006. Environmental risk assessment of genetically modified organisms: V.2 Methodologies for assessing Bt cotton in Brazil. CABI, London UK
11 James C. 2005. Executive summary of global status of commercialized biotech/GM crops: ISAAA Briefs No. 34. ISAAA: Ithaca, NY
12 Park JD, Kim SG, Kim DI, Cho KJ. 2002. Population dynamics of Frankliniella occidentalis on different rose cultivars and flowering stages. J Asia-Pacific Entomol 5: 97-102   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Park SM, Lee JS, Jegal S, Jeon BY, Jung M, Park YS, Han SL, Shin YS, Her NH, Lee JH, Lee MY, Ryu KH, Yang SG, Harn CH. 2005. Transgenic watermelon rootstock resistant to CGMMV (cucumber green mottle mosaic virus) infection. Plant Cell Rep 24: 350-356   DOI
14 SAS Institute. 2001. PROC user's manual, version 6th ed. SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA
15 Simmonds NW, Smartt J, Millam S, Spoor W. 1999. Principles of crop improvement, 2nd ed. Blackwell, Oxford, UK
16 Sylvester ES. 1989. Viruses transmitted by aphids. In: Aphids, their biology, natural enemies and control. Vol. 2C (Minks AK, Harrewijin P, eds). Elsevier, Amsterdam, the Natherlands. pp. 65-87
17 UN-DSD (Division for sustainable development). 1999. Agenda 21. Chapter 16: Environmentally sound management of biotechnology. Available at: www.un.org/esa/sustdev/agenda21chapter16.htm
18 McCune B, Grace JB. 2002. Analysis of ecological communities. MjM Software Design. Gleneden Beach, OR, USA
19 Clarke KR. 1993. Non-parametric multivariate analyses of changes in community structure. Aust J Ecol 18: 117-143   DOI
20 Beals EW. 1984. Bray-Curtis ordination: an effective strategy for analysis of multivariate ecological data. Adv Ecol Res 14: 1-55   DOI
21 Biondini ME, Mielke PW, Berry KJ. 1988. Data-dependent permutation techniques for the analysis of ecological data. Vegetatio 75: 161- 168
22 Conner AJ, Glare TR, Nap JP. 2003. The release of genetically modified crops into the environment. Part II. Overview of ecological risk assessment. Plant J 33: 19-46   DOI   ScienceOn
23 KRIBB report. 2005. Report of Korea Research Initiative program, UCKBMㅡ0200414-2005010-6, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
24 Mather PM. 1976. Computational methods of multivariate analysis in physical geography. John Wiley and Sons, London, UK
25 McCune B, Mefford MJ. 1999. PC-ORD. Multivariate analysis of ecological data. Version 4.0. MjM Software Design, Gleneden Beach, OR, USA
26 Nap JP, Metz PLJ, Escaler M, Conner AJ. 2003. The release of genetically modified crops into the environment. Part I. Overview of current status and regulations. Plant J 33:1-18   DOI   ScienceOn
27 Kruskal JB. 1964. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling: a numerical method. Psychometrika 29: 115-129   DOI
28 Wijkamp I, Almarza N, Goldbach R, Peters D. 1995. Distinct levels of specificity in thrips transmission of tospoviruses. Phtopathology 10: 1069-1074
29 Bigler F, Babendreier D. 2006. Environmental impact of invertebrates for biological control of arthropods: methods and risk assessment. CABI, London, UK
30 Hilbeck A, Andow DA. 2004. Environmental risk assessment of genetically modified organisms: V. 1. A case study of Bt Maize in Kenya. CABI, Wallingford, UK
31 http://www.gmo-guidelines.info