• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.189-199
• /
• 2011

Installation of a proper root barrier in a green roof system is very important in order to protect the concrete slab of roof and the root penetration in the waterproofing layer. To select the proper root barrier materials and methods, it is necessary to understand the environmental conditions affecting the waterproofing-root barrier system in green roof construction site. Therefore, we suggested as the environmental performance indexes four kinds of performance requirements; root penetration, chemical attack by chemical agent or fertilizer, load impact by soil depth and size of plant, and water pressure. The related four test methods were suggested for the inspection of these performance indexes. In this research, we could suggest for kinds of test methods as standard test methods to evaluate the environmental performance of waterproofing-root barrier for greening roof system.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
• /
• v.7 no.1 s.23
• /
• pp.79-84
• /
• 2007

Selection of proper root barrier as destination part of greening is very important in Root penetration resistance plan. To select proper root barrier, it need to understand composition of greening part, size, kind of plant, connection with waterproofing layer. In this point of view, we have establish greening on the roof or concrete structure, not been understand the structural mechanism. It means that we misunderstood about purpose of greening and using it. So, chosen materials and construction method was not proper for greening, it caused water leakage and decrease performance of concrete structure. Therefore, we would suggest 5 items of test methods considering environmental condition for green roof. Watertightness by water of greening part, root penetration resistance test by root penetration, bacteria resistance by must or bacteria in soil, chemical resistance by rain and chemical agent of fertilizer, and load resistance by soil depth, size of plant. These suggested test methods could be referred as guideline to test in green roof system because of not exist any performance appraisal guideline or standard. Consequently, it should be analysis as technical and institutional subdividing test methods and it need to study constantly as varied angles.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
• /
• 2007.04a
• /
• pp.5-8
• /
• 2007

Selection of proper root barrier as destination part of greening is very important in Root penetration resistance plan. To select proper root barrier, it need to understand composition of greening part, size, kind of plant, connection with waterproofing layer. In this point of view, we have establish greening on the roof or concrete structure, not been understand the structural mechanism. It means that we misunderstood about purpose of greening and using it. So, chosen materials and construction method was not proper for greening, it caused water leakage and decrease performance of concrete structure. Therefore, we examine the practical use of copper sheet considering environmental condition for green roof. Watertightness by water of greening part, root penetration resistance test by root penetration, bacteria resistance by must or bacteria in soil, chemical resistance by rain and chemical agent of fertilizer, and load resistance by soil depth, sire of plant. These suggested test methods could be referred as guideline to test in green roof system because of not exist any performance appraisal guideline or standard. Consequently, it should be analysis as technical and institutional subdividing test methods and it need to study constantly as varied angles.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
• /
• 2018.05a
• /
• pp.337-338
• /
• 2018

In recent years, residential apartment building parking lots are built in underground spaces, and with conjunction to improve the environment of the urban area, artificial greeen roof systems are installed on the upper slabs. However, early plant growth are resulting in root penetration into concrete cracks and in turn into the waterproofing membranes, leading to degradation and damaging of the waterproofing system and structural durability. This issue highlights a problem of conventional maintenance system of concrete structures, and proposals for amendments follow. In this study, a waterproofing and root barrier construction design for the upper slabs of residential building underground parking lots is proposed, and motioned to be added into future construction specifications.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
• /
• 2006.11a
• /
• pp.127-131
• /
• 2006

Depot have a lagged behind structure in the side of building up the view. With this reason, people have been recognized depot as hatred facility causes to have car noise, air pollution. In the other hand, depot become a underground and complex facility as a higher-value added building, and moreover, it need to understand the environment that depot structure have a specific field condition to apply green roof system. 1) Analysis proper waterproofing material and root barrier apply to depot need root penetrating test method 2) Suggest root barrier and waterproofing material relate to maintain and construction for green roof system 3) Construction condition for depot have crack movement of structure by vehicle vibration and root penetrating force by plant growth

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.391-396
• /
• 2015

The demands about eco friendly space are increased as buildings are denser in downtown, and green system on the roof and the artificial ground are widely being applied. The construction of green system applies a waterproof layer, a root barrier and a protection concrete layer. Assembly of these many layers leads to a long construction term, and cause many defects. This study is to evaluate one layer-hybrid sheet which gets waterproof and root barrier performance simultaneously, which is developed to use in the new green system. As results, the performances of physical properties, durability, waterproof and root barrier not only exceeded quality standards but also showed excellent durability. In addition, mock-up test would be proceed to certify long term performance.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
• /
• v.43 no.4
• /
• pp.329-335
• /
• 2017

We have studied on the keratinocytes differentiation and skin barrier function using Adenophorae radix (A. radix) root extract, which was known to contain triterpenoid, saponin and starch. A. radix root extracts showed the $PPAR{\alpha}$ expression level of Wy-14,643 $0.5-1.0{\mu}M$ in CV-1 cells. The cornified envelop formation (CE) of human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) and normal human keratinocyte (NHK) showed a statistically significant increased compared to the control. When HaCaT cells were treated with A. radix root extract, transglutaminase (TGase-1) was significantly increased. As a result of clinical study of the simple cosmetic formulation containing A. radix root extract for about 2 weeks, TEWL values were significantly decreased and water contents were increased. The ceramides, which were obtained from the inner forearm, were also significantly increased statistically. We suggest that the A. radix root extract can be used as a preventive and therapeutic agent for skin diseases such as dry skin and atopy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
• /
• 2014.05a
• /
• pp.230-231
• /
• 2014

This study is concerned with the root penetration resistance competence and constructability of a waterproofing and root penetration resistance layer of an eco-bridge which is applied with various types of seeding. For the review of root penetration resistance competence, the competence was tested using herbs, woody plants, and tall trees. As a result, there was no tear of or damage to the waterproofing and root penetration resistance layer as well as the sweeping-down phenomenon of a waterproofing and root penetration resistance layer by soil. Also, the effect of the root growth of herbs, woody plants, and tall trees on the root penetration resistance system was confirmed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
• /
• 2017.06a
• /
• pp.35-35
• /
• 2017

How do plants take up water from soils especially when water is scarce in soils? Plants have a strategy to respond to water deficit to manage water necessary for their survival and growth. Plants regulate water transport inside them. Water flows inside the plant via (i) apoplastic pathway including xylem vessel and cell wall and (ii) cell-to-cell pathway including water channels sitting in cell membrane (aquaporins). Water transport across the root and leaf is explained by a composite transport model including those pathways. Modification of the components in those pathways to change their hydraulic conductivity can regulate water uptake and management. Apoplastic barrier is modified by producing Casparian band and suberin lamellae. These structures contain suberin known to be hydrophobic. Barley roots with more suberin content from the apoplast showed lower root hydraulic conductivity. Root hydraulic conductivity was measured by a root pressure probe. Plant root builds apoplastic barrier to prevent water loss into dry soil. Water transport in plant is also regulated in the cell-to-cell pathway via aquaporin, which has received a great attention after its discovery in early 1990s. Aquaporins in plants are known to open or close to regulate water transport in response to biotic and/or abiotic stresses including water deficit. Aquaporins in a corn leaf were opened by illumination in the beginning, however, closed in response to the following leaf water potential decrease. The evidence was provided by cell hydraulic conductivity measurement using a cell pressure probe. Changing the hydraulic conductivity of plant organ such as root and leaf has an impact not only on the speed of water transport across the plant but also on the water potential inside the plant, which means plant water uptake pattern from soil could be differentiated. This was demonstrated by a computer simulation with 3-D root structure having root hydraulic conductivity information and soil. The model study indicated that the root hydraulic conductivity plays an important role to determine the water uptake from soil with suboptimal water, although soil hydraulic conductivity also interplayed.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.40 no.6
• /
• pp.1445-1453
• /
• 2023

In 2022, the domestic production performance of functional cosmetics in South Korea reached 4.6 trillion won, accounting for 33.85% of the total cosmetics production. The number of functional cosmetics reviewed increased by about 7.5% from the previous year, totaling 974 items. Especially with the increasing importance of the skin barrier function due to skin sensitivity caused by various environmental pollutants, domestic cosmetic companies are showing interest in the development of new ingredients and products related to this area. This study aims to analyze academic research trends related to in vitro experiments for the development of cosmetics improving the skin barrier, to provide practical information for the cosmetic industry. The findings are as follows: Academic research mainly focused on the efficacy of natural ingredients in improving the skin barrier, but there is a significant lack of quantitative accumulation of research. For the development of skin barrier-improving cosmetic ingredients, efficacy evaluation indicators were set, including hyaluronic acid production, expression of filaggrin gene, loricrin, formation of cornified envelope (CE), and expression of ceramide synthesis enzyme genes. Moreover, effective cosmetic ingredients for improving the skin barrier included lemongrass and perilla leaf extracts, flavonoids, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, Exosomelike Nanovesicles derived from apple callus, Eleutherococcus sessiliflorus, Acanthopanax sessiliflorus, Eleutherococcus gracilistylus, Acer okamotoanum extracts, Aloe vera adventitious root extract, ethanol extract of Aruncus dioicus, and organic solvent fraction of Dracocephalum argunense.