• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.46-55
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• 2022

This study aimed to analyze the subjects, situations, and reflection levels related to role modeling experienced by medical students during their clinical clerkship and their own reflections. This study intends to suggest ways of improving how residents and clinical faculty should treat and teach medical students. Written interviews were conducted regarding senior medical students' role modeling experiences during their clinical clerkships in 2018 and 2019. Content analysis was conducted for a total of 224 cases from 196 students. Content analysis revealed three types of role modeling content: subjects (faculty, residents, nurses, peer students), situations (clinical competence, personal qualities, teaching skills), and the level of reflection (critical reflection, reflection, thoughtful action, and habitual action) in each case. As role model subjects, faculty were found to be the paramount role model (n=142, 62.83%). Role modeling was the most frequently performed for clinical competence (n=103, 45.98%). Clinical competence was frequently shown in communication and empathic listening during rounds and outpatient relationships between the patient and doctor. Regarding the level of reflection for role modeling, the number of critical reflections was 86 (38.39%) and that of reflections was 80 (35.71%). In particular, negative role modeling showed a high level of critical reflection in relation to faculty (64.44%) and nurses (8.89%). In conclusion, role modeling of medical students participating in clinical clerkships occurs in situations that the role models are not aware of, with positive or negative effects on the formation of professional identity among medical students.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.330-336
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• 2000

A color is the most important of all factors that have influence on interior spaces, and plays an visually and psychologically important role in making interior environment. Thus, the aim of this study is to propose predictable color models by image types specially for color design in living room.This study was composed of three steps, and was carried out as follows.1) The evaluation experiment was carried out by color simulation using Color Image Processor. 2) Image types were extracted by factor analysis. 3) The characteristics of colors by image types were analysed by the multi regression and as a result the predictable color models by image types was determined.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.145-152
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• 2018

Quantification of Carbon stock has become in the contest of changing climate and mitigation potential of forests. Two different forest types, Dry Shiwalik Sal Forest and Moist Shiwalik Sal Forest in Barkot and Lachchiwala of Doon Valley, Western Himalaya are selected for the study. Volume equations, destructive sampling and laboratory analysis are done to estimate the carbon stock in different carbon pools like trees, shrubs, herbs and soils. Considerable variations are observed in terms of carbon stocks in different forest types. In Dry Shiwalik Sal Forest, carbon stock density varied between 129.81 and $136.00MgCha^{-1}$ while in Moist Shiwalik Sal Forest, carbon stock density ranged from 222.29 to $271.67MgCha^{-1}$. Tree species like Shorea robusta, Syzigium cumini, Miliusa velutina, Acacia catechu, and Mallotus philippensis had significant role in carbon sequestration. Shorea robusta had contributed highest in carbon stock due to highest density. Total of 2,338,280.165 Mg carbon stock was estimated in all the forest types.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 1994.10a
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• pp.63-67
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• 1994

The main objectives of this study were to determine the differences in the personal. physical. socio-psychological characteristics of the elderly and the housing features according to housing types. This study classifed housing types into 4 types purchased apartment, public rental apartment charge-free institutional housing for the elderly and private housing facility for the elderly. On the basis of the findings. these al·e the following conclusions: Generally, the morale of residents in elderly facilities was higher than that of the apartment residents’. This result could support the development of senior housing in Korea Residents of rental apartment were younger and their functional health and level of independence were higher than that of others. Therefore rental housing would be an alternative housing for the independent low-income elderly. However the morale of rental housing residents was lower than that of ethers. The elderly housing facility residents’ recongnition of the housing managers’ leadership style was higher than that of the apartment residents’. This result ensures the importance of housing manager’s role in managing senior housing.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.13-19
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• 1995

The main objectives of this study were to determine the differences in the personal, Physical, socio-psychological characteristics of the elderly and the housing features according to housing types. This study classifed housing types into 4 types : purchased apartment, public rental apartment, charge-free institiutional housing for the elderly and private housing facility for the elderly. On the basis of the findings. these are the following conclusions : Generally, the morale of residents in elderly facilities was higher that that of the apartment residents'. This result could support the development of senior housing in Korea. Residnets of rental apartment were younger and their functional health and level of independence were higher than those of others. Therefore, rental housing would be an alternative housing for the independent low-income elderly. However, the morale of rental housign residents was lower than that of others. The elderly housing facility residents' recongnition of the housing managers' leadershop style was higher than that of the apartment residents'. This results ensures the importance of housing manager's role in managing senior housing.

• IE interfaces
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.421-428
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• 2001

The economic effects of informatization are differently occurred according to industry types. Thus an evaluation methodology which reflects the industry type characteristics of informatization is needed. In this paper, we develop and analyze the indices for evaluating economic effects through informatization according to industry types, such as manufacturing, construction, financial services and marketing services. The factors related to performance of enterprise informatization can be defined as cost factors, effect factors, risk factors and influence factors. Effect factors are defined as quantitative or qualitative performance of informatization and classified into operational effect factors and strategic effect factors. The influence factor is defined as characteristics of informatization for industry types, that is, value chain of business and business products or services. Economic effect indices are classified according to the activity of business value chain. Economic effects indices of this research can be expected to play a role of general and standardized factors for economic evaluation of industry informatization.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.193-201
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• 2023

With the end of global COVID-19 epidemic, hospital staff are likely to be "physically and mentally exhausted" after three years of grueling work in the fight against the epidemic. At this point, it is especially important to enable them to continue to maintain their previous proactive work behavior. This study focuses on 400 employees of various types in three-A grade hospitals in Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, through the proactive motivation model. Statistical software SPSS 25.0 and AOMS 22.0 were used to analyze the survey data to test whether role modeling in hospital management can have an impact on employees' proactive behaviors, in addition to verifying the mediating role of transactional psychological contract. The results of this study show that: First, role modeling of hospital leaders has a positive effect on employees' proactive behavior and a negative effect on their transactional psychological contract; Second, transactional psychological contract has a negative effect on employees' proactive behavior; Third, the transactional psychological contract mediates the effect between role modeling of leaders and employees' proactive behavior. The results of this research add to the F-path of proactive motivation model, and provide enlightenments and implications for hospital management.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.501-512
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• 2009

The purpose of this research is to compare the attitudes of female students in Korea toward science with the child-rearing attitude of their parents they perceived and their sex-role identity. The participants in this study were 374 female middle- and high-school students, chosen randomly from Seoul and Gyenggi-do in South Korea. We used three different forms of questionnaires in this research: "Scale of Parents' Child-rearing Behaviors Perceived by Teenagers", "Korea Sex-role Survey", and "Attitude Toward Science Measurement." The significant results were acquired after we had analyzed the comparison of the attitude of female students toward science with their perception on their parents' child-rearing attitude, especially on their fathers. The fathers' "monitoring" and "over-expectation" factors affected the attitudes of female students toward science; on the other hand, any child-rearing attitudes of their mothers did not influence their attitudes toward science. We also analyzed the attitudes of female students about science based on their sex-role identities. In consequence, we found that meaningful differences existed in four types of gender-role identity: androgyny type, masculinity type, femininity type and undifferentiated type. In particular, the androgyny type was characterized by a higher score in attitude toward science compared with the undifferentiated type.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.189-203
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• 1992

Any money model should address the most important phenomenon of a monetary economy, which is the phenomenon of the rate of return dominance. Even if the holding returns on financial or nonfinancial assets are higher than the rate of return on fiat money holding, which is typically zero, people still hold and use money. In a period of accelerating inflation, number of dominating assets increases continuously, yet people continue to hold and use money. Wallace's (1980) overlapping generations model cannot address the rate of return dominance phenomenon. His model does not capture the mediun of exchange role of fiat money. In this paper, an overlapping types model of fiat money is constructed, in which different types of consumers have different preferences on different types of goods, are endowed with different types of goods, are located at seperated regions, and live for only two periods. In this model, people hold and use money despite the dominating assets, even if inflation accelates. Money in this case serves as a pure medium of exchange, whereas in Wallace's model, money serves as a pure store of value, and money disappears if a dominating asset exists. An interesting feature of the overlapping types model presented in this paper is that money does not provide a cheap approximation to an idealized and efficient real allocation. A monetary economy is always superior to a nonmonetary economy, because money helps overcome the incompleteness of the overlapping types friction. In a monetary economy, however, a pareto optimal allocation cannot always be achieved, because money cannot always overcome the overlapping types friction itself. Therefore, with the criterion of optimality of real allocations, the monetary economy is more optimal than a nonmonetary economy but less optimal than a complete Arrow-Debreu economy. This feature has important implications on macro modelling. Because of the difficulty in introducing money into a macro model in an essential and endogenous manner as in the overlapping types model of this paper, a macro model typically ignores money and studies real allocations without the money factor. The possible inefficiencies of a monetary economy, relative to a complete real Arrow-Debreu economy, may indicate differences in real allocations between the two models.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.29-60
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• 2003

This study investigates the certification role by the types of venture capitalists in KOSDAQ IPOs. The sample covers 88 venture companies listed on KOSDAQ from January, 1997 to December, 2001. The major results are as follows. Firstly, IPOs of firms backed by New Technology Business Investment Companies are less underpriced than those of firms backed by Small Business Investment Companies. The underpricing difference between two groups is statistically significant. This sheds light on the evidence of the certification role of venture capitalist in KOSDAQ IPOs market. Secondly, our result also attests the certification role by the types of venture capitalists among Small Business Investment Company. IPOs backed by yen拉re capitalists of financial institutions are less underpriced than those backed by venture capitalists of individual wealthy investors. The underpricing difference between two groups is statistically significant. Finally, underpricing of New Technology Business Investment Company-backed IPOs is less than that of Small Business Investment Company-backed IPOs. In addition, we found that the size of underpricing is affected by business history, sub-scription ratio, and total assets prior to registration.