• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.277-284
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• 2014

This paper describes the application method of bumper area defined in the ship domain theory and it is to identify risky sectors in VTS(Vessel Traffic Services) area. The final goal of this work is to develop early warning system providing the location information with high traffic risks in Mokpo VTS area and to prevent the human errors of VTS Officer(VTSO). The current goal of this paper is to find evaluation and detection method of risky sectors. The ratio between overlapped bumper area of each vessels and the summing area of a designated sector, Ratio to Evaluate Risk(RER) ${\gamma}$ is used as one of evaluation and detection parameter. The usability of overlapped bumper area is testified through three kinds of scenarios for various traffic situations. The marine traffic data used in the experiments is collected by AIS(Automatic Identification System) receiver and then compiled in the SQL(Structured Query Language) Server. Through the analysis of passing vessel's tracks within the boundary of Mokpo VTS area, the total of 11 sectors are identified as evaluation unit sector. As experiment results from risk evaluation for the 11 sectors, it is clearly known that the proposed method with RER ${\gamma}$ can provide the location information of high risky sectors which are need to keep traffic tracks of vessel movements and to maintain traffic monitoring by VTSO.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.51-59
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• 2011

The objective of this study is to develop an evaluation model for the National highway risky areas. Thus, for the purposes of doing this, National highway risky area evaluated targeting to provide determination ranking and suggesting rival-superiority factors as well as under-inferiority factors in ten National highway risky areas. This study developed for modules of risky areas evaluation, using fuzzy set theory and analytic hierarchy process for evaluation model of National highway risky area in transport environment. The preceding studies assess risk analysis through analysis of causal relationships by National highway safety sector not only handles rating scale development suitable for assessment area by referring to accident frequency model but also geometric structures model. As result of this study, this model of Fuzzy Ahp Risk Analysis (FARA) apply for programmable design in real time processing through easily derive strategy for improvement activities to provide a decision-making effectively. Furthermore, this study contributes frame for improvements of National highway construction for renovation's priority strategy as well as future's policy schemes.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.2207-2214
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• 2013

This study aims to recognize the regional disparity of employment and to analyse the regional current states and characteristics using the evaluation criteria for employment competitiveness. Firstly, it has revealed that the regional disparity of employment is deepening and disparity from the quality side and stability side are more serious. Secondly, the strongest regional employment competitiveness was found to be Chungnam, followed by Seoul, Ulsan, Gyeongbuk, Daejeon and the region of employment risky is Busan. Lastly, it has analysed that the most influencing factors on employment competitiveness are criteria of stability sector. Therefore, we should make efforts to create jobs of good quality and stable, in order to reduce regional disparity and strengthen the competitiveness of employment. And especially region of employment risky must require continuous monitoring.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.295-302
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• 2023

Background: Fisheries and aquaculture are statistically acknowledged to be among the most dangerous occupations. Yet, industrial safety and health precautions against occupational accidents within the sector are not sufficiently implemented in many parts of the world. The present study aims to provide a quantified overview of work accident statistics in the Turkish fisheries and aquaculture industry. Methods: This article presents an overview of reported injuries and fatalities in the Turkish fisheries and aquaculture industries from 2006 to 2020. Incident, permanent incapacity, and fatality rates were calculated, and the difference between fisheries and aquaculture was statistically examined. Results: The overall incident, permanent incapacity, and fatality rates were 449.4, 4.7, and 5.7 per 100,000 worker years, respectively, over the 15-year period. With these fatality rates, fisheries and aquaculture are two of the industries with the highest fatality rates among comparable industries in Turkey. Incident rates in fisheries and aquaculture indicated that aquaculture work is more dangerous and risky. The data set includes 25 fatalities and 22 permanent incapacity cases over 15 years and shows an increase in fatality rates and occupational accidents in the last 8 years. Conclusion: present study showed that the quality of data and reporting in the Turkish fisheries and aquaculture industries including occupational illnesses, must be improved in order to be more preventative and to develop efficient safety management in the sector. Incentives for providing thorough data on occupational incidents must be enhanced to improve occupational safety awareness in Turkish fisheries and aquaculture.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.45-52
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• 2016

Purpose - The purpose of the paper is to look into and review the management and operation of Chinese infrastructure process, especially focusing on port industry. Research design, data and methodology - The research methods to be applied is to examine PPPs that is a key way of cooperation in many infrastructure investment, financial matters, and then port industry as well. Results - It is well noticed that Chinese government has well managed with project, planning and investments in national infrastructure matters. Especially, this is clear message that government institutions for infrastructure planning has been well organized with systematic structure. However, even if it is involved with some risky business, PPPs should be asked for cooperation in the areas of financial, institutional and logistic part of infrastructure development in China. Conclusions - Every country has been in promoting its infrastructure development and it is not an exception in China. In order to get over inefficiency done by public sectors, Chinese government has invited a private sector in the form of PPPs, which gives more competitive opportunities, especially in port industry.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2007.03a
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• pp.729-738
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• 2007

The Public Private Partnership/Private Finance Initiative (PPP/PFI) schemes have made the private sector become a major participant involved in the development of infrastructure systems along with the government. Due to more integrated efforts among project participants and longer concession period, PPP/PFI projects are inherently more complex and risky. It is therefore very important to proactively manage the risks involved throughout the project life cycle. Conventional risk management strategies sometimes ignore managerial flexibility in the planning and execution process. This paper starts with a revised risk management framework which incorporates the real option concept. Following the presentation of the framework, a new risk classification is proposed which leads to different ways of structuring options in a project according to the stage of the project life cycle. Finally, the paper closes by discussing other issues concerning option modeling and negotiation.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.17-27
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• 2018

In 21^st Century business world, services are carried out in multifaceted, competitive and rationality manner that are characterized by evolving many factors, which are often unpredictable. On-the-go banking is a product in financial sector. However, it faces serious pitfalls being it riskiness. Bank customers compete for time-saving options. On contrary, PCBs compete for marginalizing its operating costs for enhancing its revenues. On strategic tactics, PCBs targets city customers in multi-facets including offering incentives for enhanced usages of on-the-go banking. Influencing customer's intention, attitude and behavior in banking, PCBs also offers incentive under market system along with often informational asymmetry. However, it causes exploitation. In most cases customers don't read terms & conditions of services. They don't save contract-copy. These weaknesses cause abuses. Customer faces hidden charges, extra fees, account hacked. Addressing the issue, Voluntary Insurance Option is proposed where PCBs will introduce it as a product of bank-services. Transferring risk away from customer will benefit both PCBs and bank-customers. This product can attract new customers who were on the brink using digital banking but just felt it was too risky. This model can facilitate the parties involved for increasing usage of on-the-go banking-services while customers can maintain optimal utility of usages.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.45-60
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• 2015

Governments around the world invest in research and development (R&D) for different purposes : national economy, defence, environment, health, etc. as a means of national survival beyond the means of national competitiveness. These are usually programs with high social impact but low short-term economic impact or large scientific programs that are too expensive and risky for private sector investment alone. The Republic of Korea has also shown a very successful model of economic progress and social development through government R&D programs. However, there have been many corruption scandals behind it while selecting awardees for government R&D programs in Korea. So, the Republic of Korea focused on reforming appraisal system for government R&D and began preparation for "Clean Appraisal System" last year. In this study, first we analyzed the related appraisal tasks through the review of laws and administrative rules and typed appraisal tasks according to the flow of the actors and time. Thus securing the information infrastructure and finally we drew the conceptual model of the system according to an open appraisal tasks by introducing an element of the OECD on open government typed appraisal tasks.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.545-556
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• 2021

The financial technology sector is now growing rapidly all over the world, and it has improved the banking system efficiency and customer experience. This research study attempts explicitly to explore the consumer acceptance attitude of FinTech and its products in Pakistan. Technology Acceptance Model was used to assess the entire variable associated with the consumer attitude to adopt new technology. Based on a survey conducted from Pakistan data and by employing the multiple regression analysis, this study proves that the risk involved in FinTech products and services results in less usage of financial technology. The findings of the study also show that the risk should be reduced if banks and other institutes that are involved in financial transactions online must provide security. Moreover, customers are not willing to pay an extra amount for using financial technology. It argues that usefulness helps to change the attitude of banking customers to use financial technology. The attitudes of the customers have a positive relationship with the adoption of financial technology. These results also help guide financial institutions to enhance the adoption of FinTech products. User attitudes must be changed by providing users with more security, less risky applications, and cost-effective products.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.53-62
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• 2022

Commercial banks have a significant impact on the economy of Vietnam because they provide the majority of transactional capital. Therefore, the operational efficiency of commercial banks is a viral topic for the study of the Vietnamese banking system. The research aims to examine the efficiency and inefficiency of joint-stock commercial banks in Vietnam from 2016 to 2020 and then classify them into the efficient group and inefficient group. The study employs the time series data of 29 joint-stock commercial banks during the period 2016-2020. Based on the data collected from the annual audited financial statements of 29 Vietnamese joint-stock commercial banks, the authors select input and output variables for the standard DEA models and anti-efficient DEA models. This research uses two stages, first, by applying the standard DEA model, we investigate the efficient banks; second, by employing the anti-efficient DEA model, we find out the inefficient banks. The results reveal that the average efficiency score of 29 joint-stock commercial banks tends to increase in the period 2016-2018 and decrease gradually in the period 2019-2020. The findings of this study suggest that several small and medium-sized banks in the Vietnamese banking sector have both promising and risky performances and the efficiency of state-owned commercial banks has also improved significantly during the study period.