• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.171-177
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• 2010

연구목적 : 비인두암 환자들을 대상으로 방사선치료 시 삼차원입체조형치료기법과 용적세기조절회전치료기법을 비교하고 이하선을 포함한 정상조직 보호에 있어 그 차이점을 알아 보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 비인두암 환자 5명을 대상으로 치료계획용 CT(computed tomography)를 시행 후 삼차원입체조형방사선치료계획 과 용적세기조절회전치료계획을 시행하였다. 이를 바탕으로 얻은 선량분포, conformity index(CI) 그리고 선량체적 히스토그램을 통해 손상위험장기(organ at risk)와 계획용표적체적(planning target volume)을 비교 분석하였다. 결 과 : 분석결과 이하선에 조사되는 평균선량이 용적세기조절회전치료계획에서는 43.9%로 삼차원입체조형치료계획에서의 89.4% 보다 유의하게(p=0.043) 감소하였다. 계획용표적체적 conformity index의 경우 용적세기조절회전치료계획 (CI=1.06)에서 삼차원입체조형치료계획(CI=2.55) 보다 유의하게(p=0.043) 향상된 결과를 보였다. 결 론 : 비인두암 환자에서 용적세기조절회전 치료계획 시 삼차원입체조형치료계획 보다 유의하게 이하선에 평균선량이 줄었고 계획용 표적체적에 대한 conformity도 유의하게 향상되는 결과를 보였다. 본 연구가 적은 수의 환자를 대상으로 하였으나 용적세기조절회전치료기법을 시행 시 구강건조증의 발생을 줄일 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 향후 더 많은 환자군을 대상으로 한 임상연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.71-81
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• 2008

Objectives: Recently the care of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease is important as much as that of cancer care in public health, so the control of diabetes mellitus(DM) which is a risk factor of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease has been also important consideration.class(DM class) of a health center. Methods: Study subjects were 54 participants of DM class in a health center that had been held once a month, from January 2005 to March 2006.Results: Among the DM class participants, 67.3% participated by 50% or over in the DM clas.participants(p<0.05). In a comparison betwen more than 50% participation group and les than 50% participation group, more than 50% participation group got decreased level of blood sugar from 182mg/dl to 155mg/dl and less than 50% participation group also got decreased level from 172mg/dl to 156mg/dl. But Conclusion: DM clas of health center was effective program to manage diabetes mellitus patients in comunity.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 2009

Lichen planus is a relatively common chronic inflammatory disease involving the skin and mucous membranes showing small flat polygonal papules. The accurate etiology is unknown but it's suggested that cell-mediated immune response to an induced antigenic changes in skin or mucosa. Oral lichen planus was regarded as an benign lesion but oral lichen planus was classified as premalignant lesion by WHO criteria. It was not known that progress of malignat transmmission in the the patient with oral lichen planus, and chronic inflammatory disease including oral lichen planus showed malignacy in oral cancer unrelated common risk factors(Ex: tabacco, alcohol). Although malignant development in the patient with oral liche planus was various greatly in the literature, from 0.5% upward to 5%. It has been reported that a specific clinical type of oral lichen planus, hyperkeratotic or erosive had a higher chance of transformation into an squamous carcinoma. Clinician has to follow-up check of at least one or two visit per year to detect of malignancy of oral lichen planus and improved prognosis with squamous cell carcinoma. At this case with the middle aged women with squamous cell carcinoma developed from oral lichen planus of more than a decade of persisting, we try to discuss the malignacy of oral lichen planus and cosideration with follow-up.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2019

Purpose: Obesity is a major health problem of global significance because it is clearly associated with an increased risk of health problems, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Lonicera caerulea (LC) originates from high mountains or wet areas and has been used as a traditional medicine in northern Russia, China, and Japan. LC contains a range of bioactive constituents, such as vitamins, minerals, and polyphenols. This study examined the anti-obesity effects of LC during differentiation in preadipocytes. Methods: The cell viability assay was performed after the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells for 7 days. Oil Red O staining was used to visualize the changes in lipid droplets in 3T3-L1 cells and mouse adipose-derived stem cells (MADSCs). The mRNA expression of obesity-related genes was determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Results: According to the results of Oil Red O staining, the lipid levels and size of lipid droplets in the adipocytes were reduced and the LC extract (LCE, 0.25-1 mg/mL) markedly inhibited adipogenesis in a dose-dependent manner. The treatment of LCE also decreased the mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ${\gamma}$ ($PPAR{\gamma}$), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-${\alpha}$ ($C/EBP{\alpha}$), and sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1) in 3T3-L1 cells. Western blot analysis showed that the $PPAR{\gamma}$, $C/EBP{\alpha}$, and SREBP1 protein levels in both 3T3-L1 and MADSC were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: These results suggest that LCE can inhibit adipogenic differentiation through the regulation of adipogenesis-related markers.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.41 no.8
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• pp.767-775
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• 2008

Uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) plays a major role in thermogenesis at brown adipose tissues and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity and metabolic disorders. The purpose of this study was to estimate the effects of A-3826G polymorphism in 117 Korean prepubertal children aged 8-11 years olds. Anthropometry by bioelectrical impedance analysis method, plasma lipid profiles by auto-biochemical analyzer and UCP-1 genotyping by PCR-RFLP were done. The frequencies of UCP-1 genotypes were AA; 17.7%, AG; 57.8%, GG; 26.6%. The frequencies of each G allele (55.5%) was similar to Japanese's (49%) and higher than Caucacian's (25%). No correlation UCP-1 polymorphism and BMI (kg/$m^2$) or the degree of obesity described by the relative percentiles of the standard weight according to height in prepubertal children. However, plasma total- and LDL-cholesterol were significantly increased in G allele when sex, age and weight were adjusted. Our results suggested that G allele of UCP-1 gene was stronger risk factors in hyperLDLcholesterolemia than A allele. This impact might be progressed as the precaution against the revalence of obesity based-metabolic disease.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.620-631
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• 2024

Bone marrow toxicity is a side effect of chemotherapy with anticancer drugs or the exposure to chemicals, such as benzene. When myelotoxicity occurs, the number of white blood cells decreases, which reduces immune functioning and increases the risk of infection or the development of tumors. Angelica gigas Nakai extract (AGNEX) and green coffee bean extract (GCBE) have many effects, such as anti-cancer and antioxidant effects, as well as effects on the immune functioning. In this experiment, the preventive effect of AGNEX and GCBE against benzene-induced bone marrow toxicity was confirmed in Sprague Dawley rats (SD rats) in vivo. Benzene (1 ml/kg mixed with corn oil 1:1) was intraperitoneally administered to SD rats (six weeks, N = 9/group) once a day, and AGNEX (12 mg/kg) and GCBE (6, 12, and 24 mg/kg) were administered orally daily for five weeks. To determine the preventive effect, AGNEX (12 mg/kg) and GCBE (6, 12, and 24 mg/kg) were administered orally before the administration of benzene. Consequently, AGNEX 12 mg/kg and GCBE 12 mg/kg were effective at reducing leukocytes and lymphocytes, specifically granulocyte. Additionally, the treatment also showed protective effects specifically on spleen and liver weight changes and spleen damage. Through this protective effect, AGNEX and GCBE were confirmed to prevent bone marrow toxicity by enhancing the functioning of the immune system.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.1238-1243
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• 2014

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely used as cellular therapeutic agents. They have their own characteristic stemness, and thus, they can be used in the treatment of many chronic diseases and in anticancer therapy. MSC therapy has many advantages over chemical therapy. MSC therapy is based on self or homogeneous origin; as such, it is expected to be effective in the treatment of various diseases. In addition, microRNAs in particular have been studied for their structure and function, and they are also expected to prove effective for use as therapeutic agents in cancer or chronic diseases. MicroRNAs are largely associated with metabolism and homeostasis. Therefore, over- or under-expression of microRNAs leads to chronic diseases. Conversely, effective control of the expression of specific microRNAs reduces the risk of many chronic diseases. However, there have been no reports thus far on the synergistic effects of MSCs and microRNAs. Therefore, in this study, we examined the relationship between MSCs and microRNAs using placenta-derived MSCs (PDSCs), bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs), and fibroblast (WI-38) cells. We studied the expression of some microRNAs in MSCs and compared the expression in each cell line and cell passage. As a result, we found that the expression of microRNA-34a was higher in PDSCs than in BM-MSCs and that the expression of microRNA-27a, 33a, 33b, and 211 was higher in BM-MSCs than in PDSCs. Therefore, we expect that each MSC line will be used as cell therapy, considering its expressed functional microRNA.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.27-39
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• 2024

Purpose : Smoking is a major factor in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the effect of electrical cigarette smoking on COPD development is still uncertain. This study aimed to compare the functions of airways and lungs exposed to combustible cigarettes and electrical cigarettes based on the pulmonary function test (PFT) results from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Methods : This study used data from 8,942 participants with PFT results out of 47,309 total subjects from the 6th to 8th Korean NHANES (2014-2015, 2016-2018, and 2019, respectively). Individuals with diseases such as cancer, ex-smokers, and dual tobacco users were excluded. The PFT results were analyzed according to the COPD diagnostic criteria. After adjusting for confounding variables, a complex sample generalized linear model ANOVA test was performed to investigate the association between PFT results and combustible smoker or electrical cigarette user groups. Results : In an analysis based on the obstructive ventilatory disorders (forced expiratory volume in 1 second[FEV₁]/forced vital capacity[FVC]<.7), combustible cigarette smokers showed a 3.46 times higher risk of COPD compared to non-smokers, while electrical cigarette smokers exhibited no significant difference in terms of COPD-related risks compared to non-smokers. FEV₁ showed a negative relation with combustible cigarette smokers as reported elsewhere (B=-.07, p<.001). FEV₁/FVC was negatively related to both combustible cigarette smokers (B=-.03, p<.001) and electrical cigarette smokers (B=-.02, p<.001). Conclusion : FEV₁/FVC decreases were observed in the long-term exposure to both combustible and electrical cigarettes. The lower FEV₁ in the combustible cigarette group implies the worsening of the severity of COPD, suggesting more damage to the airways and lungs in the short term. Therefore, the temporary electrical cigarettes use for the transition period in order to smoking cessation potentially aids to reduce the harmful effect of combustible cigarettes in COPD development.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.722-730
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• 2020

As one of the most serious health risk factors, air pollution can no longer be ignored. Particulate matter (PM) is an important and harmful component of air pollution that originates from a variety of sources. Numerous recent studies have linked PM to a range of conditions including cancer, cardiovascular, respiratory, and skin disease. The eye, despite being directly exposed to air pollution, has been investigated in very few of these studies. In this review, we describe the evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies, as well as epidemiological investigations, that supports the association between exposure to PM and the development of ocular conditions such as surface and retinal disease and glaucoma. Based on the results of previous studies, we suggest that PM exposure can lead to oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy, and, ultimately, ocular surface disease. Nevertheless, almost no studies focus on ocular surface damage from PM while some epidemiological and clinical studies report on the posterior of the eye. However, the underlying pathological mechanisms in the posterior following PM exposure have yet to be identified, and further studies are therefore warranted of the ocular surface as well as the posterior part of the eye.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.13-13
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• 2018

Alternaria is a ubiquitous fungal genus, widely distributed in the environment and a range of different habitats. It includes both plant pathogenic and saprophytic species, which can affect crops in the field or cause post-harvest spoilage of plant fruits and kernels. Numerous Alternaria species cause damage to agricultural products including cereal grains, fruits and vegetables, and are responsible for severe economic losses worldwide. Most Alternaria species have the ability to produce a variety of secondary metabolites, which may play important roles in plant pathology as well as food quality and safety. Alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), tenuazonic acid (TeA), tentoxin (TEN) and altenuene (ALT) are considered the main Alternaria compounds thought to pose a risk to human health. However, food-borne Alternaria species are able to produce many additional metabolites, whose toxicity has been tested incompletely or not tested at all. Both alternariols are mutagenic and their presence in cereal grain has been associated with high levels of human esophageal cancer in China. TeA exerts cytotoxic and phytotoxic properties, and is acutely toxic in different animal species, causing hemorrhages in several organs. The possible involvement of TA in the etiology of onyalai, a human hematological disorder occurring in Africa, has been suggested. Altertoxins (ALXs) have been found to be more potent mutagens and acutely toxic to mice than AOH and AME. Other metabolites, such as TEN, are reported to be phytotoxins, and their toxicity on animals has not been demonstrated up to now. Vegetable foods infected by Alternaria rot are obviously not suitable for consumption. Thus, whole fresh fruits are not believed to contribute significantly with Alternaria toxins to human exposure. However, processed vegetable products may introduce considerable amounts of these toxins to the human diet if decayed or moldy fruit is not removed before processing. The taxonomy of the genus is not well defined yet, which makes it difficult to establish an accurate relationship between the contaminant species and their associated mycotoxins. Great efforts have been made to organize taxa into subgeneric taxonomic levels, especially for the small-spored, food associated species, which are closely related and constitute the most relevant food pathogens from this genus. Several crops of agricultural value are susceptible to infection by different Alternaria species and can contribute to the entry of Alternaria mycotoxins in the food chain. The distribution of Alternaria species was studied in different commodities grown in Argentina. These food populations were characterized through a polyphasic approach, with special interest in their secondary metabolite profiles, to understand their full chemical potential. Alternaria species associated with tomato, bell pepper, blueberry, apples and wheat cultivated in Argentina showed a surprisingly high metabolomic and mycotoxigenic potential. The natural occurrence of Alternaria toxins in these foods was also investigated. The results here presented will provide background for discussion on regulations for Alternaria toxins in foods.