• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.4-12
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• 1995

In the sense of eigenstructure (eigenvalues/eignenvectors) assignment, the effectiveness and disturbance suppressibility of a controller depend mainly on the left eigenstructure (eignevalues/left eigenvectors) of a system. On the other hand, the disturbance decouplability is governed by the right eigenstructure (eignevalues/right eigenvectors) of the system. In this paper, in order to obtain a disturbance decouplable as well as effetive and disturbance suppressible controller, a concurrent assignment methodology of the left and right eigenstructure is proposed. The biorthogonality condition between the left and right modal matrix and state selection matrices are used to develop the methodology. The proposed concurrent eigenstructure assignment methodology guarantees that the desired eigenvalues are achieved exactly and the desired left and right eigenvectors are assigned to the best possible (achievable) sets of eigenvectors in the least square sense, respectively. A numerical example is presented to illustrate the validity and usefulness of the proposed methodology.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2011

Purpose : The aims of this study was to identify changes mu rhythm according to familiarity with a stimulus in people with stroke. Methods : Seventeen right-handed participants were asked to observe 2 different stimulus; a non-familiarity stimulus condition (NFSC), and a familiarity stimulus condition (FSC). Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals from electrodes on the participant's scalp were recorded during action observation. The activation of the mirror neuron system was compaired between FSC and NFSC by a paired t-test. An independent t-test was used to compare the difference between right and left hemispheres for the activation of the mirror neuron system during action observation of performing a task with the right hand. Results : The result of paired t-test showed no significantly difference between NFSC and FSC in the activation of the mirror neuron system. The Result of independent t-test also showed no significantly difference in the activation of mirror neuron system between the right and left hemispheres. Conclusion : The familiarity with a stimulus had no signigicant effect on the activation of the mirror neuron system according to the familiarity and in either the right or left hemispheres in people with chronic stroke.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.73-89
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• 2003

The goal of this study was to estimate the knowledge on the patient about treating and attitude about their right to know and how they practice. That is the study seek to find how much they claim about their right to know and how they evaluate it. Additionally describe how much the patient carry on their right to know and find out that of each level's associations. This main Purpose of the study was to increase patient's right to know during in medical services. Socio-demographic variables, personal service variables and other used variables which levels of consumers knowledge, demand, evaluation and about right to know on practice level were analyzed statistically. For this purpose, the subjects of this study were consumers who had experienced medical services. The survey was conducted on 551 Korean aged in off-line by self-administered questionnaires. Final analyzed sample sizes are 551. The regression, ANOVA, t-test and other descriptive analyses were used. The obtained results were as When the consumers were estimated the level of Knowledge, the degree of respondent's level was middle state. The level of demand showed low tendency but their practice level was relatively high. On the other hand, consumer's demand for the patient's right to know was very high. The level of knowledge, demand, evaluation have affected positively to the level of consumers practices. Based on empirical research, the statistics of consumers' knowledge level was significant to other variables and effecting highly. It was recommended consumer education should be provided effectively to increase protecting their right.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2008

Purpose: We evaluated the physical stress and pain to the musculoskeletal system of a dental practitioner when engaging in a dental scaling training exercise to prevent the development of musculoskeletal injuries. Methods: The 18 female (average age: 21$\pm$1 years) subjects were voluntarily picked from a group of juniors who have completed a one-and-a-half year training course that includes training exercises on the dentiform and on live subjects (other trainees). The test is done by measuring pain, activity, grip strength, and finger dexterity for each subject's hand and wrist. Before the test all subjects were confirmed to be right-handed and were informed of the study and its objective. Measuring was done before and after each subject performed dental scaling for one hour using the scaler and the curet. Results: Pain levels increased for both hand and shoulders, but hand pain was often greater than shoulder pain. Grip strength significantly declined in the right hand but not the left. For joint mobility, the flexion and the extension for the shoulder joint did not change; but the range of motion for both wrist joints significantly increased. For the dexterity test, both hands showed increased dexterity after the exercise. Conclusion: Dental scaling can affect the shoulders and wrists/hands. Therefore, a musculoskeletal injury prevention program for dental practitioners, which may include encouraging them to assume correct body posture when at work, must be sought. This study evaluated only the shoulders, wrists, and hands; but future studies should include areas such as the cervical area, the back, and the lower limbs.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.225-236
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• 2004

It has been suggested in research results thai dental hygienists have high risk of carpal tunnel syndrome, mainly caused by the repeated motion of extensor and flexor or the use of vibration tools, compared to other occupations. To find out the situation of the carpal tunnel syndrome of dental hygienists, who are exposed to work-related musculoskeletal disorders, this study used 132 questionnaires given on May 22, 2004, the period of continuing education of the first half year in the Gwangju Jeonnam area, and obtained the following results. 1. Subjects worked at a dental ciinic(32.6%), a hospital(31.8%), and a public health center(35.6%). Age by work was under 24 in a clinic(17.4%) and a hospital(15.9%), and over 30 in a public health center(35.6%). 2. In practice conducted over one time a day, a scaling accounted for 90.7% in a doctor's office; 595% in a hospital; and 3.0% in a public health center, suggesting significant difference(p<0.01). Pit and fissure sealant accounted for 53.5% in a clinic; 53.2% in a hospital; and 95% in a public health center, also suggesting significant difference(p0.01). 3. Symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome appeared in a wrist(12.1%), a right hand(14.4%), and a left hand(5.3%). 4. In case of temporary crown practice, symptoms appeared in a wrist(22.0%), a right hand(14.0%), and a left hand(4.0%), suggesting significant difference(p<0.01). The above results showed that 12.1% of dental hygienists was exposed to carpal tunnel syndrome. Thus, it is considered very important that dental hygienists should be given education of the danger of continuous work in certain motions and prevention education of improving repeated position, and make efforts to reinforce self-control ability.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.25-35
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• 2000

Objectives : The characteristic of meridian system has been similar to this of electric potentials in human body. Therefore to measure the electric potentials in healthy volunteers and patients, and to find out the characteristic of meridian system and also to do that of differences between them. Methods : Twenty-nine healthy volunteers, thirty patients diagnosed as a cerebral infarction and wind-syndrome caused by hyperactivity of the liver-yang(肝陽化風) were examined into electric potential of well(井穴) and sea(合穴) points in branches of the twelve meridians by physiograph. Results : Measurements were analyzed by factor analysis, then we obtained that both the right and the left electric potential of well and sea points in branches of the twelves meridians in healthy volunteers were divided into two factors, hand meridian and foot meridian. Where as the left electric potential of those in patients with cerebral infarction were divided into three factors, one is foot meridian, another is hand meridian with the exception of large intestine meridian, and the other is large intestine meridian and also the right electric potential were divided into three factors, foot meridian, hand meridian with the exception of large intestine and lung meridian, and large intestine and lung meridian. Conclusions : In the results, healthy volunteers differ from patients in characteristic of electrical potentials, which means that we are able to catch the characteristic of meridian system by electrical potentials of well and sea points.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.256-263
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of hand moxibustion for reduction of pain during menstruation. Method: Fifteen women were selected as subjects and data collection was conducted from September to December 2003. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Digital Infrared Thermotraphic Image (DITI) were used to measure the degree of pain and body heat. Result: The results showed that there was a significant reduction of pain during menstruation when hand moxibustion was performed. Also, there were significant differences in the change of body heat. These were left hands (Z=-2.805, p=.005), right hands (Z=-2.805, p=.005) and lower abdomen (Z=-2.803, p=.005). Conclusion: It was found that hand moxibustion decreased pain during menstruation and increased body heat. Therefore, hand moxibustion may be a good method for intervention to decrease pain during menstruation.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.1318-1322
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• 2021

To unveil and delineate the elements applicable to the radiation protection of a femoral entry shield, calculate its mass attenuation coefficient, and demonstrate its dose reduction efficacy for interventional radiologist performing transarterial embolization (TAE) of ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma (rHCC). The lead equivalency of the shield was firstly validated. Electron microscopy was used to confirm the femoral entry shield being lead-free and to analyze the elemental content, with which the mass attenuation coefficient of the shield was calculated. An adult phantom, irradiated at the upper abdomen to simulate the TAE of rHCC, was used together with a dosimeter attached to the palm of a hand phantom. The dose rates at the hand phantom were measured, with the rHCC clinical protocol, without and with the femoral entry shield placed over the right femoral access site of the adult phantom. Without using the shield, the average hand dose rate was measured to be 0.325 µSv/sec. While using the shield, it was determined to be 0.110 µSv/sec. There was significant 66% dose reduction to the hand dose of IRs performing angiographic intervention with the femoral entry shield.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.227-233
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• 2016

목적: 본 연구는 우세안의 방향과 우세성의 강도, 우세안과 우세손 방향의 일치와 불일치 시의 동적 입체시를 비교해보았다. 방법: 평균연령 $21.06{\pm}2.21$세인 성인 130명(남자 70명, 여자60명)을 대상으로 $3.8cm{\times}3.8cm$ 직경의 가는 링을 이용한 타각적인 방법으로 우세안(dominant eye)의 방향과 강도를 측정하였고, 삼간계(three-rods test, iNT, Korea)를 이용하여 동적 입체시(dynamic stereoacuity)를 측정하였다. 결과: 우세안의 방향에 따른 동적 입체시는 우세성이 없는 중심우세안일 때 $14.97{\pm}13.80$초, 우안 $22.10{\pm}20.01$초, 좌안 $22.31{\pm}20.39$초로 눈의 우세성이 없을 때 더 좋았으나 우세안의 방향과 동적 입체시의 상관성은 매우 낮았다. 우세안의 강도를 Center, Mild, Strong로 구분하였을 때 동적 입체시는 각각 $14.97{\pm}13.80$초, $20.76{\pm}15.73$초, $24.45{\pm}25.60$초로 우세성이 강할수록 나빠지는 결과를 보였으나 우세안 좌안에서 우세성이 Strong으로 강할 때 오히려 동적 입체시가 중심우세보다도 더 좋게 나타났다. 우세안과 우세손 방향에 따른 동적 입체시는 우안과 오른손일 때 $22.63{\pm}20.54$초, 좌안과 왼손일 때 $17.36{\pm}10.13$초, 우안과 왼손일 때 $14.79{\pm}7.05$초, 좌안과 오른손일 때 $22.97{\pm}21.42$초로 나타나 상대적으로 우세손이 오른손보다 왼손인 경우가 빈도수는 낮았으나 동적 입체시는 우세손이 왼손일 때 비교적 좋게 나타났다. 결론: 우세안의 방향과 강도에 따른 동적 입체시의 상관성은 낮았으나 눈의 우세성이 없을때 14.97초, Strong 일 때 24.45초로 우세안 강도가 강할 때 동적 입체시가 나빠지는 경향을 보였다. 따라서 우세안 방향과 강도는 입체시와 같은 양안시기능과 sport vision training, 노안교정과 mono vision과 같은 시력교정 시에 양안균형 면에서 착용자에게 좀 더 편안한 처방을 하는데 고려되어야 요소로 사료된다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1991년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.71-73
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• 1991

In this study electrical impedance plethysmograph was developed and each ten digital blood flow was measured for eight normal males and a patint with digital arterial reconstruction surgery. Blood flow of the digit with surgery was approximately fourty percent compared to that of the other normal digit. For the normal subjects, right-handed subjects generally have larger blood flow in right fingers than that in left fingers while it was reverse for the left-handed subjects. The relative average magnitude of the digital blood flow is the third, first, second, fourth, and fifth digit in descending order for the left and right hand, respectively. Blood flow of the fifth digit for all subjects except one was the smallest among the five digits.