• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.179-183
• /
• 2011

This study was conducted to determine the biological activities of 70% ethanol extracts from rice husks of nine rice cultivars in Korea. The relative antioxidant activities of rice husk extracts were evaluated by determining DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity and reducing power. The contents of total polyphenol, flavonoid and r-oryzanol were measured by spectrophotometric methods. Among the extracts of rice husks, Nokmi rice husks tended to have the most effective antioxidant activities compared to other rice husk varieties. Seolgaeng rice husk extract showed anti-proliferative activity against cancer cell lines (MCF7 and NCI-H460), and Hongjinju rice husk extract significantly exhibited mitogenic activity.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제53권3호
• /
• pp.388-394
• /
• 2020

An emerging interest in healthy eating has led to an increase in the consumption of rice mixed with various types of grains. Cooked rice was prepared with five different seaweeds, Hizikia fusiformis, Sargassum fulvellum, Enteromorpha compressa, Undaria pinnatifida, and Gracilaria verrucosa, and the antioxidant activity was measured. In addition, the antioxidant activities of 80% ethanol and methanol extracts of the five seaweeds were compared. Total phenolic content (TPC), total reducing power (TRP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) cation radical scavenging activities of the ethanol extracts were higher than those of the methanol extracts. The TPC of raw seaweed ethanol extracts was from 7.58 to 26.27 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g. The antioxidant activities of both extracts of Hizikia fusiformis were the highest among the five seaweeds, and the antioxidant activities of the cooked rice were lower than those of the raw seaweed extracts. The DPPH radical scavenging activities of cooked white rice, mixed grains, barley, and a mixture of white rice and barely added with Hizikia fusiformis, Sargassum fulvellum and Undaria pinnatifida were 3.17, 23.12, 31.11 and 10.66%, respectively. These results demonstrate the addition of seaweeds to cooked rice helps to improve the antioxidant activity compared to white rice alone.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.176-181
• /
• 2008

This study analyzed the some of the physiological activities of 70% ethanol extracts of specialty rough rice ('Goami2', 'Keunnunbyeo', and 'Heugkwangbyeo' rough rice cultivars) before and after germination. The physiological activities of the extracts were analyzed for their inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging activity, superoxide dismutase-like activity, xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity, and nitrite scavenging effects. The most active rough rice cultivar was 'Heugkwangbyeo' and germinated 'Heugkwangbyeo' rough rice was more effective than ungerminated rough rice, having higher inhibition activity of linoleic acid peroxidation (1.2-fold), hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging activity (1.4-fold), superoxide dismutase-like activity (1.2-fold), and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity (1.1-fold). The nitrite scavenging effect was increased after germination (2.1-fold) and decreased as pH increased. According to the results obtained in this study, 70% ethanol extracts from germinated 'Heugkwangbyeo' rough rice can be used for industrial applications such as the functional food materials.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제53권4호
• /
• pp.219-224
• /
• 2010

쌀밥의 품질특성에 미치는 복합약용식물 추출물의 효과를 구명하기 위하여 11가지 약용식물을 이용하여 복합추출물 3종(CLP 1, CLP 2, CLP 3)을 제조하였고 취반 시 첨가하여 쌀밥의 항산화 활성과 호화특성 및 조직감의 변화에 미치는 영향을 조사 하였다. 약용식물 추출물의 첨가농도가 증가할수록 쌀밥의 수분 함량은 감소하는 반면 총 폴리페놀 함량과 DPPH 자유기 소거 활성은 증가하였다. 약용식물 추출물의 첨가한 쌀가루는 대조구보다 호화개시온도와 강하점도는 높아지는 반면 응집점도와 치반점도는 낮아지는 호화특성의 변화를 보였다. 약용식물 추출물의 첨가로 쌀밥의 색도와 물성은 대조구와 차이를 보였는데 첨가량이 많아질수록 명도는 감소하는 반면 적색도와 황색도는 증가하였고 쌀밥의 경도, 부착성, 응집성 및 검성이 모두 증가하는 물성적 변화를 농도의존적으로 나타냈다. 결과적으로 항산화 활성을 가진 복합 약용식물 추출물은 쌀밥의 품질특성의 변화를 유도하는 기능성 소재로서 활용가능성을 나타낸다.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제39권4호
• /
• pp.511-514
• /
• 2012

In this study, the comparison of antioxidative effect of the methanol (MeOH) extracts from grains were investigated in vitro radical scavenging system. Ten grains (black rice, rice, barley, wheat, millet, sorghum, glutinous millet, buckwheat, phellines linteus rice and brown rice) were extracted with MeOH. Among the MeOH extracts of grains, sorghum and black rice showed effective scavenging activities of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. The $IC_{50}$ values of sorghum and black rice were $47.4{\mu}g/mL$ and $50.6{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. In addition, black rice also exerted the strongest activities on hydroxyl radical (${\cdot}OH$) scavenging activity. Furthermore, the MeOH extracts of black rice showed effective and dose dependant scavenging activities of DPPH radical and ${\cdot}OH$. These results indicated that black rice showed strong free radical scavenging activity. It suggested that black rice could be a promising natural antioxidant against free radical-induced oxidative damage.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제12권5호
• /
• pp.365-370
• /
• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Oxidative stress is a major cause of cancer. This study investigated the effects of the ethanol extracts from germinated and non-germinated Keunnunjami rice, a blackish-purple pigmented cultivar with giant embryo, on selected human cancer cell lines and on the antioxidant defense system of mice fed with a high-fat diet. MATERIALS/METHODS: High fat-fed mice were orally administered with either distilled water (HF) or extracts (0.25%, w/w) from brown (B), germinated brown (GB), Keunnunjami (K), and germinated Keunnunjami (GK) rice. RESULTS: In comparison with the brown rice extract, Keunnunjami extract showed higher anticancer effect against cervical and gastric cell lines but lower anticancer activity on liver and colon cancer cells. Mice from the HF group showed significantly higher lipid peroxidation and lower antioxidant enzyme activities than the control group. However, the oxidative stress induced by high-fat diet markedly decreased in B, GB, K, and GK groups as compared with the HF group. CONCLUSIONS: Germination may be an effective method for improving the anticancer and antioxidative properties of Keunnunjami rice and extracts from germinated Keunnunjami rice may serve as a therapeutic agent against cervical and gastric cancers and oxidative damage.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.108-111
• /
• 2001

본 연구는 쌀겨 추출물을 이용하여 일년생 잡초 피와 한련초에 대한 발아 및 초기 생육억제 효과를 알아보기 위하여 수행하였다. 멸균 및 비멸균 쌀겨 추출물에 의한 피의 발아율은 5%(w/v) 처리에서만 무처리에 비하여 처리 후 7일째에 각각 27%와 63% 억제효과를 보였다. 그러나 이 추출물에 대한 피의 초장과 생체중은 멸균 및 비멸균 추출물의 1% 이상 처리에서 유의적인 감소를 보였으며, 5% 처리에서 피의 초장과 생체중은 멸균유무에 관계없이 각각 $66{\sim}68%$와 $75{\sim}78%$ 억제효과를 보였다. 또한 멸균 및 비멸균 쌀겨추출물에 의한 한련초 발아율은 처리 후 7일에 0.5% 이상 처리부터 유의적인 발아억제를 보였다. 처리 후 7일째에 멸균한 쌀겨 추출물에 대한 한련초의 발아율은 4% 처리에서 비멸균 쌀겨 추출물에서는 5% 처리에서 완전히 억제되었다. 쌀겨 추출물에 대한 한련초의 초장과 생체중에 있어서도 발아율 결과와 유사한 경향을 보였다. 쌀겨 추출물은 멸균한 추출물이 비멸균한 추출물보다 한련초의 발아 및 초기 생장억제에 더 민감한 반응을 나타내었으며 이들 추출물에 대해 피보다는 한련초가 더 민감하게 반응하였다. 따라서 쌀겨는 일부 잡초종자의 발아 및 초기 생육억제 효과에 대한 잠재성을 제시할 수 있었다.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제45권4호
• /
• pp.257-260
• /
• 2000

The content of anthocyanin, cyanidin 3-glucoside (C3G) and the peonidin 3-glucoside (P3G) from 591 rice cultivars and the antioxidative activities of MeOH extract from 8 rice cultivars were evaluated. Among them, C3G content of pigmented rice were ranged from 0 to 451.9mg in 100 g brown rice, while the P3G contents were in the range from 0 to 42.7mg in 100g brown rice. There was no correlation between C3G and P3G content. Total anthocyanin content ranged from 0 to 475.1mg in 100g brown rice. The antioxidative activity, the scavenging activity on DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-picryl-hydrazyl) radical of MeOH extracts from rice grain, were different according to cultivars. The activity of blockish purple pericarp rice cultivars was twice stronger than that of white pericarp cultivar. Especially, the antioxidative activity of Heugjinjubyeo was four times stronger than that of white pericarp cultivar. The scavenging effect on DPPH radical in rice extracts was related to the total anthocyanin contents of the extracts.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.763-766
• /
• 2010

An efficient and simple fermentation process was developed for the production of ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid (GABA) by Lactobacillus sakei B2-16. When the L. sakei B2-16 was cultivated in the rice bran extracts medium containing 4% sucrose, 1% yeast extract, and 12% monosodium glutamate, the maximum GABA concentration reached 660.0 mM with 100% conversion yield, showing the 2.4- fold higher GABA concentration compared with the modified MRS medium without the rice bran extracts. The GABA production was scaled-up from a laboratory scale (5 l) to a pilot (300 l) and a plant (5,000 l) scale to investigate the application possibility of GABA production to industrial fields. The production yields at the pilot and plant scales were similar to the laboratory scale using rice bran extracts medium, which could be effective for the low-cost production of GABA.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• 제18권6호
• /
• pp.1435-1438
• /
• 2009

Hydrothermal treatment of rice hull was hydrothermal carried out at 105, 110, $121^{\circ}C$ for 15, 30, 60 min, respectively, using a conventional autoclave. Antioxidant activity of the hydrothermal treated rice hull extract was evaluated by determining total phenol contents (TPC), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (RSA), reducing power, and ABTS RSA. TPC, DPPH RSA, reducing power, and 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylenebenzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) RSA of the extract were significantly increased with increasing treated temperature and time. For example, hydrothermal extracts at $121^{\circ}C$ for 60 min increased the TPC, DPPH RSA, reducing power, and ABTS RSA to 0.840 mg/mL, 64.77%, 1.437, and 92.11%, respectively, while those of the extracts treated at $105^{\circ}C$ for 60 min were 0.508 mg/mL, 51.23%, 0.819, and 45.22%, respectively. The results indicated that hydrothermal treatment of rice hull was very effective to increase phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of rice hull extract.