• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.1203-1217
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• 1994

In the present study, in order to analyze a turbulent flow in a square sectiond 180.deg. bend, Kim's low Reynolds number second moment turbulence closure is adopted. In this model, turbulence model constants in the wall region are modified as functions of turbulent Reynolds number by use of near wall turbulent universal properties based on Laufer's experimental results of Reynolds stress distriburions. Algebraic stress model and Reynolds stress equation model are used to verify the low Reynolds number second moment closure. The application of the present low Reynolds number algebraic stress model to the prediction of a square sectioned 180.deg. bend flow gives improved velocities and Reynolds stresses profiles compared with those obtained by using the van Driest mixing length model and present low Reynolds number Reynolds stress equation model.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1596-1608
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• 1993

본 연구에서는 좀더 정량적인 이론에 바탕하여 제레이놀즈수 2차모멘트 난류모형을 유도하려 한다.

• Water Engineering Research
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.247-258
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• 2002

This paper presents a non-isotropic turbulence modeling of flows over bedforms. The Reynolds stress model is used for the turbulence closure. In the model, Launder, Reece, and Rodi's model and Hanjalic and Launder's model are employed f3r the pressure strain correlation term and the diffusion term, respectively. The mean flow and turbulence structures are simulated and compared with profiles measured in the experiments. The numerical solutions from two-equation turbulence models are also provided for comparisons. The Reynolds stress model yields the separation length of eddy similar to the other numerical results. Using the developed model, the resistance coefficients are also estimated for the flows at different Froude numbers. Karim's (1999) relationship is used to determine the bedform geometry. It is found that the values of the form drag and the skin friction are very similar to those obtained by the other turbulence models. meaning higher values of the form drag and lower values of the skin friction compared with the empirical formulas.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.1661-1670
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• 1996

Incompressible flow over a backward-facing step is computed by low Reynolds number turbulence models in order to compare with direct simulation results. In this study, selected low Reynolds number 1st and 2nd (Algebraic Stress Model : ASM) moment closure turbulence models are adopted and compared with each other. Each turbulence model predicts different flow characteristics, different re-attachment point, velocity profiles and Reynolds stress distribution etc. Results by .kappa.-.epsilon. turbulence models indicate that predicted re-attachment lengths are shorter than those by standard model. Turbulent intensity and eddy viscosity by low Reynolds number .kappa.-.epsilon. models are still greater than DNS results. The results by algebraic stress model (ASM) are more reasonable than those by .kappa.-.epsilon. models. The convective scheme is QUICK (Quadratic Upstream Interpolation for Convective Kinematics) and SIMPLE algorithm is adopted. Reynolds number based on step height and inlet free stream velocity is 5100.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.2572-2592
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• 1996

A low-Reynolds-number second moment turbulence closure was developed with the aid of DNS data. Model coefficients of nonlinear return to isotropy term were derived by use of Cayley-Hamilton theorem and two component turbulence limit condition as the functions of invariances of anisotropy and turbulent Reynolds number. Launder and Tselepidakis' cubic mean pressure strain model was modified to fit the predicted pressure-strain components to the DNS data. Two component turbulence limit condition was the precondition to be satisfied in developing the second moment turbulence closure for the realizable Reynolds stress prediction. But the satisfactions of Reynolds stress level and pressure-strain level of each component were compromised because the satisfaction of both levels was impossible.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제38권10호
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• pp.871-883
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• 2005

본 논문은 식생된 개수로 흐름에서 난류의 비등방성이 평균유속 및 난류구조에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위한 수치모의 연구이다. 비등방성 난류모형인 레이놀즈응력모형을 이용하여 식생이 없는 일반 개수로 흐름과 침수 및 정수식생된 개수로 흐름에서의 평균유속 및 난류구조를 수치모의하였다. 수치모의 결과를 기존의 실험결과 및 k-$\epsilon$ 모형과 응력대수식모형에 의한 계산 결과와 비교하였다. 식생이 없는 일반 개수로 흐름과 정수식생된 개수로 흐름에서의 평균유속과 레이놀즈응력을 계산한 결과 등방성 및 비등방성 난류모형에 의한 해석 결과의 차이가 거의 나타나지 않았다. 즉, 난류의 비등방성의 영향이 매우 작은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 자유수면 및 바닥 근처에서 발생되는 난류의 감쇠효과에 의한 난류의 비등방성은 레이놀즈응력이 가장 잘 예측하는 것으로 나타났다. 침수식생된 개수로 흐름의 경우 식생높이 부근에서 난류의 비등방성이 강하게 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 계산된 평균유속 및 난류구조는 레이놀즈응력모형이 다른 모형 보다 가장 정확한 예측을 수행하였으며, 등방성 모형인 k-$\epsilon$ 모형은 식생높이 보다 높은 영역에서 평균유속 및 난류강도를 각각 과대 및 과소 예측하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 계산된 결과를 이용하여 식생된 개수로 흐름에서의 부유사량을 산정한 결과 등방성 난류모형이 부유사량을 과소 산정하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.889-894
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• 2001

In this study, the performances of various turbulence closure models are evaluated in the calculation of a transonic flow over axisymmetric bump. k-$\varepsilon$, explicit algebraic stress, and two Reynolds stress models, i.e., GL model proposed by Gibson & Launder and SSG model proposed by Speziale, Sarkar and Gatski, are chosen as turbulence closure models. SSG Reynolds stress model gives best predictions for pressure coefficients and the location of shock. The results with GL model also show quite accurate prediction of pressure coefficients down-stream of shock wave. However, in the predictions of mean velocities and turbulent stresses, the results are not so satisfactory as in the prediction of pressure coefficients.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.9-17
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• 1997

The performance of several turbulence models in computing an axisymmetric supersonic base flow is investigated. A compressible Navier-Stokes code, which incorporates k-ε, k-ω model and Reynolds stress closure with three kinds of pressure-strain correlation model, has been developed using implicit LU-SGS algorithm with second-order upwind TVD scheme. Numerical computations have been carried out for Herrin and Dutton's base flow. It is observed that the two-equation models give large backward axial velocity approaching to the base and somewhat larger variation of base pressure distribution than the Reynolds stress model. It is also found that the Reynolds stress model with third order pressure-strain model in the anisotropy tensor predicts most accurate mean flow field.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.2162-2167
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• 2003

It is well-known that high anisotropic characteristic of turbulent flow field is dominant inside tip leakage vortex. This anisotropic nature of turbulence invalidates the use of the conventional isotropic eddy viscosity turbulence model based on the Boussinesq assumption. In this study, to check whether an anisotropic turbulence model is superior to the isotropic ones or not, the results obtained from steady-state Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes simulations based on the RNG ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}$ and the Reynolds stress model in two test cases, such as a linear compressor cascade and a forward-swept axial-flow fan, are compared with experimental data. Through the comparative study of turbulence models, it is clearly shown that the Reynolds stress model, which can express the production term and body-force term induced by system rotation without any modeling, should be used to predict the complex tip leakage flow, including the locus of tip leakage vortex center, quantitatively.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.66-74
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• 1996

Numerical simulations were carried out using standard Reynolds stress turbulence model(LRR model) and modified RSM(Janicka model ) to validate these models in combustion flow fields. Two flames were selected for use as a benchmark data for model testing. One is a conventional jet diffusion flame that has the effect of suppression of turbulence by combustion. The other is a triple jet diffusion flame that designed to give high turbulence to the periphery of the flame and to remove the low Reynolds-number flow fields. As a result, it was found that the modification of standard RSM model is indispensable in the modelling of flames with low turbulence region. And it is also necessary to improve the existing modified models for the universal use.