• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.57-69
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• 2019

Because the hospital building operates 24 hours a day, 365 days a year for treatment and restoration of patients, it has a different pattern of energy use than that of ordinary buildings. Hospitals contribute to energy consumption and have a negative environmental impact. This study aims to find how meaningful energy performance, reflecting good energy management and ECMs, can be operated for hospital buildings, a category encompassing complex buildings with different systems and large differences between them. In this study, we proposed the energy diagnosis & evaluation method and energy management process to verify energy saving through operation data based on system & facility characteristics, operation pattern and energy consumption characteristics of hospital building. Energy consumption structures were surveyed throughout 4 reference hospital in Seoul, Korea. Findings confirm that different hospital departments have hugely different energy-demand profiles. Energy efficiency and energy saving potentials are presented. The energy performance analysis can be applied to a wide range of problems in energy-system operation.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2009

인간은 보다 질 높은 생활환경속에서 쾌적한 생활을 영위하기 위하여 친 환경적인 도시개발사업과 환경 복원사업에 많은 관심을 가지고 있다. 특히 대규모 개발사업의 경우 복원 전후의 기상환경변화 분석과 지속적인 모니터링 수행은 최근 국민적 관심인 열섬완화 효과와 바람 길조성 등과 같은 환경개선 분야에 많은 도움을 줄 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 서울시 청계천을 대상으로 복원 전후의 지표 열 분포도를 작성하고 열 환경 변화를 분석하여 복원 후에 지표온도가 낮게 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 이를 위하여 ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission Reflection Radiometer)의 TIR(Thermal Infrared) 영상자료를 이용하여 도시 지표면의 온도를 추출한 후 AWS(Automatic Weather System) 기상관측자료와의 상관성 분석하였다. 향후 청계천 주변의 지표 열 패턴변화에 대한 이해와 도시 하천과 녹지의 열 완화 효과를 정량화하여 상세 도시기상 모델 개발 인프라를 마련할 수 있으리라 기대된다.

• 한국환경생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경생물학회 2003년도 학술대회
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• pp.1-5
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• 2003

In order to prepare a basis for ecological restoration of the Seoul Metropolitan area, ecological diagnoses on soil physico-chemical properties and vegetation structure were carried out. Land use patterns, actual vegetation, and biotope patterns were also investigated based on aerial photograph interpretation and field checks. I formulated landscape elements overlaying those data and evaluated the ecological value of each element. Soil pollution was evaluated by analyzing soil samples collected in each grid on the mesh map, divided by 2km $\times$ 2km intervals. Soil samples were collected in forests or grasslands escaped from direct human interference. Soil pollution evaluated from pH, and SO$_4$, Ca, Mg, and Al contents of soil was more severe in the urban outskirts than in the urban center. Those soil environmental factors showed significant correlation with each other. Vegetation in the urban area was different in species composition from that in suburban areas and showed lower diversity compared with that in the suburban areas. Successional process investigated by population structure of major species also showed a difference. That is, successional trend was normal in suburban areas, but that in urban areas showed a retrogressive pattern. The landscape ecological map of Seoul indicates that the urban center lacks vegetation and greenery space is restricted in urban outskirts. Such an uneven distribution of vegetation has caused a specific urban climate and thereby contributed to aggravation of air and soil pollution, furthermore causing vegetation decline. From this result, it was estimated that such uneven distribution of vegetation functioned as a trigger factor to deteriorate the urban environment. I suggested, therefore, a restoration plan based on landscape ecological principles, which emphasizes connectivity and even distribution of green areas throughout the whole area of the Seoul to solve this complex environmental problem. In this restoration plan, first of all, I decided the priority order for connection of the fragmented greenery spaces based on the distances from the core reserves comprised of green belt and rivers, which play roles as habitats of wildlife as well as for improvement of urban environment. Next, I prepared methods to restore each landscape element included in the paths of green network to be constructed in the future on the bases of such preferential order. Rivers and roads, which hold good connectivity, were chosen as elements to play important roles in constructing green network by linking the fragmented greenery spaces.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.255-261
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• 2002

유동성 복합레진은 치면 열구 전색이나 작은 교합면 우식의 예방적 레진 수복 및 깊은 와동의 이장재로 사용할 수 있으나 이에 대한 임상적 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구는 유동성 복합레진이 치면 열구 전색, 예방적 레진 수복, 깊은 와동의 이장의 세 가지 임상적 용도로 적용될 경우, 기존의 재료와 비교한 대체가능성과 타당성을 검토할 목적으로, 각 용도에서의 양재료들이 나타내는 미세누출 양상을 비교분석하였다. 교합면이 건전한 120개의 발거된 대구치를 6개의 군으로 나누어 각 군당 20개색 시편을 구성하였다. 제 1군과 2군에는 각각 Concise와 Tetric flow로 치면 열구 전색을, 제 3군에는 Z-100과 Concise, 제 4군에는 Tetric flow로 예방적 레진 수복을 시행하였으며, 제 5군에는 Vitrebond, 제 6군에는 Tetric flow를 이장재로 이용하여 sandwich technique 수복을 시행하였다. 100회의 열 순환 및 색소 침투후 색소 침투 정도를 관찰하고 미세누출 정도를 판단하여 비교, 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 열구 전색재인 Concise와 유동성 복합레진인 Tetric flow로 각각 치면 열구 전색을 시행한 경우 미세누출의 차이가 나타나지 않았다(p>0.05). 2. 복합레진인 Z-100과 열구전색재인 Concise로 예방적 레진 수복을 시행한 군과 유동성 복합레진인 Tetric flow 단일 재료로 수복한 군 간에도 미세누출의 차이는 없었다(p>0.05). 3. 이장재로 Resin-modified glass ionomer cement 인 Vitrebond와 유동성 복합레진인 Tetric flow를 사용하여 sandwich technique으로 복합레진 수복을 시행한 경우에도 양 군간에 미세누출의 차이는 나타나지 않았다(p>0.05).

• 생태와환경
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.296-307
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• 2016

생태적 복원은 온전한 자연의 체계와 기능을 모방하여 인간이 훼손시킨 자연을 치유함으로써 다양한 생물들에게 서식공간을 제공하고 인류의 미래 환경을 확보하기 위한 생태기술이다. 이러한 생태적 복원은 복원대상에 대한 다각적 측면의 진단평가 결과에 근거하여 수립된 복원 가이드라인에 따라 수행되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 무등산국립공원의 훼손된 산림의 생태적 질을 평가하고, 이를 회복시키기 위한 경관수준의 복원 가이드라인을 수립하였다. 이를 위해, 우선 자연적 요소(지형, 기후, 식생 분포)와 인위적 요소(토지이용, 선형 경관요소의 분포)를 고려하여 무등산국립공원에 성립해 있는 산림의 생태적 질을 진단하였다. 이와 더불어, 선형 경관요소에 의해 구획된 각 권역의 기하학적 속성 및 토지이용 강도에 근거하여 온전성 정도를 평가한 후 이를 점수화하였다. 분석 결과, 무등산국립공원의 거시적 지형은 모암의 풍화 특성에 의해 결정되는 양상이었으며, 식생대는 해발고도의 수직적 구배에 따라 난온대상록활엽수림대, 난온대낙엽활엽수림대 및 냉온대낙엽활엽수림대로 구분되었다. 토지이용유형에서 무등산국립공원은 활엽수림, 침엽수림 및 혼합림이 전체의 약 90%를 차지하였다. 경관파편화를 유발하는 경관요소로서 탐방로는 총 97개소로 파악되었다. 경관의 질 점수는 평균 $69.86{\pm}11.41$로 나타났다. 진단평가 결과, 무등산국립공원 내 산림의 생태적 질은 인간활동의 영향을 크게 받았고, 그 영향 정도는 지형에 따라 다르게 나타났다. 한편, 무등산국립공원은 산 중심으로 설정된 국립공원 경계와 모암의 풍화 특성에 의해 공원구역 내 수공간이 부족한 것으로 파악되어 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 주변 지역과의 생태네트웍 구축이 필요한 것으로 판단되었다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 진단평가 결과에 바탕을 두고 무등산국립공원의 생태적 질을 향상시키기 위한 복원 가이드라인을 제시하였다.

• 대한상한금궤의학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.85-115
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• 2023

Objectives : This study reports on the cases of four ADHD patients who treated with herbal medication based on Disease Pattern Identification Diagnostic System (DPIDS). Methods : Two children and two adults were diagnosed with ADHD according to DSM-V, and Galgeunhwangryeonhwanggeum-tang was administered. The parents of the two children completed the Korean ADHD Rating Scale (K-ARS) before and after treatment, while the other patients used the Korean ADHD Self Rating Scale (K-ASRS). The patients' somatic symptoms and other issues were evaluated through interviews. Results : In the first case, the K-ARS scale exhibited a change from 28 to 3. The patient demonstrated improvements in attention, concentration, and social behavior, along with the elimination of self-injurious behavior. In the second case, the K-ARS scale showed a change from 41 to 9. The patient in the third case demonstrated improved chronic fatigue, increased attention, work efficiency, and enhanced social skills, leading to maintaining employment for over six months for the first time in their life after the treatments. Additionally, the patient in the fourth case demonstrated improved work concentration and relief in nocturia. Conclusions : In this study, four patients exhibited improvements in symptoms of attention deficit, hyperactivity, and impulsivity before and after herbal treatment, leading to enhanced academic and social relationships. As the patients progressed in their health restoration, symptoms related to the genitourinary system also showed improvement.

• 대한심미치과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.18-27
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• 1999

A tooth solely can not be an exclusive factor to attain our goal, esthetics. Other consideration, such a proportion of individual tooth, harmonized arrangement of the dentition and surrounding tissues including gingiva, lip and face should be taken into account. Esthetic gingival pattern and incisal level in the anterior area are the very important factors for esthetic restoration of the smile. We often propose adequate periodontal and prosthodontic approaches in order to improve the esthetics of the anterior area. Here, I would like to share some cases which include soft tissue management for ovate pontic placement, osteoplasty, resin filling for severe cervical caries, and bleaching approach to discolored root caused by endodontic treatment, and so on.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2002

In the case of earthquake, it is necessary to install earthquake instruments and to measure the ground motions for stable gas supply and restoration in case of supply suspension. Because each point in the site of the gas facilities has different characteristics of ground motion, it is recommended to measure at the point where the ground motion is representative. In this paper, ground motion analysis and noise pattern analysis are carried out to select suitable point for the installation of earthquake instruments and to set of dynamic range of sensors.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2009

Background: Various functional factors should be incorporated during assessment and intervention for patient rehabilitation. Stable respiratory function is one of required factors for functional restoration. To maximize respiratory physical therapy intervention outcome, it is required to understand clinical features of respiratory diseases and physical therapy approaches. Methods: Previous studies were systematically reviewed through computerized search. Methodological qualities of selected studies were evaluated and the levels of recommendations were determined. Results: Assessment for respiratory pattern and thoracic mobility is of importance to improve cardiopulmonary fitness during physical reconditioning. Application of optimal therapeutic protocol can increase thoracic mobility and respiratory function. Interdisciplinary communication is critical during rehabilitation for respiratory patients. Health care provider should have professional knowledge and experience for cardiopulmonary fitness and obligation to endeavor for patients' respiratory rehabilitation. It is necessary to standardize therapeutic intervention, and rehabilitative respiratory exercise should be applied to confirm the effects of intervention. Conclusion: Respiratory diseases that may reduce patients' quality of life and cardiopulmonary fitness should be resolved through physical therapy approaches. Through conducting research, effect of evidence-based and patients' function-oriented intervention can be determined.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2016

The process of extracting external boundary of an object is a very important process for recognizing an object in the image. The proposed extraction method consists of two processes: External Boundary Extraction and Thinning. In the first step, external boundary extraction process separates the region representing the object in the input image. Then, only the pixels adjacent to the background are selected among the pixels constituting the object to construct an outline of the object. The second step, thinning process, simplifies the outline of an object by eliminating unnecessary pixels by examining positions and interconnection relations between the pixels constituting the outline of the object obtained in the previous extraction process. As a result, the simplified external boundary of object results in a higher recognition rate in the next step, the object recognition process.