• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.191-211
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• 2000

Objectives: In order to evaluate the effect of jungcheonwhadamgangki-tang on Balb/c mouse of allergy-sensitive to bronchial asthma induced by ovalbumin. Methods: The changes of diameter lumen of trachea which was upper respiratory organ, weight and gross appearance of lung, histology of lung and trachea, numbers of inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluld(BALF) were observed. Results : The results are obtained as follows. 1. The diameters of trachea lumen were significantly increased in Jungcheonwhadam gangki-tang treated group as compared with control group. 2. Inflammatory cells including neutrophil and eosinophil in BALF were significantly. in Jungcheonwhadamgangki-tang treated group as compared with control group. 3. Weight of lung and black spots, which resulted from infiltration of inflammatory were significantly decreased in Jungcheonwhadamgangki-tang treated group as compared with control group.4. Hypertrophy of mucous membrane of trachea and bronchus and bronchioles in the lung, peritracheal, peribronchus and peribronchiolar inflammatory cell infiltration, and mucoid exudate deposit in the lumen were significantly decreased in Jungcheonwhadamgangki-tang treated group as compared with control group. Conclusions : It is considered that Jungcheonwhadamgangki-tang has somewhat favorable effect on the bronchial asthma because the bronchial asthma specific series of abnormalities in respiratory system were decreased after oral administration of Jungcheonwhadamgangki-tang in this study. In future, it is needed that the toxicological and dosage specific study of Jungcheonwhadamgangki-tang to use against bronchial asthma with safe.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제67권2호
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• pp.145-147
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• 2009

Etoposide is a semi-synthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin that is effective against many cancers including small cell lung cancer. We report a case of etoposide-induced anaphylaxis in a 51-year-old woman who tolerated etoposide during her first cycle chemotherapy regimen. During the second cycle, she complained of generalized urticaria and dyspnea 5 minutes after being infused with etoposide. She recovered completely with antihistamine, corticosteroid and fluid replacement. The intradermal skin test with etoposide showed a clear positive immediate reaction. This case suggests that etoposide can induce IgE-mediated anaphylaxis.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제69권5호
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• pp.361-367
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• 2010

Background: Difficult-to-treat asthma afflicts a small percentage of the asthma population. However, these patients remain refractory to treat, and account for 40% to 50% of the health costs of asthma treatment, incurring significant morbidity. We conducted a multi-center cross-sectional study to characterize difficult-to-treat asthma in Korea. Methods: Subjects with difficult-to-treat asthma and subjects with controlled asthma were recruited from 5 outpatient clinics of referral hospitals. We reviewed medical records of previous 6 months and obtained patient-reported questionnaires composed of treatment compliance, asthma control, and instruments for stress, anxiety, and depression. Results: We recruited 21 subjects with difficult-to-treat asthma and 110 subjects with controlled asthma into the study. The subjects with difficult-to-treat asthma were associated with longer treatment periods, more increased health care utilization, more medication (oral corticosteroids, number of medication), and more anxiety disorder compared to those of well-controlled asthmatics. There was no difference in age, gender, history of allergy, serum IgE, blood eosinophil count, or body mass index between the 2 groups. Conclusion: Difficult-to-treat asthma is characterized by increased health care utilization and more co-morbidity of anxiety.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제68권5호
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• pp.294-297
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• 2010

Although $Taxo^{(R)}$ is one of the most successful drugs in current cancer chemotherapy against solid tumors, a major problem is hypersensitivity reactions that arises as a consequence of activation of the complement (C) system, "C activation-related pseudo-allergy". Most severe hypersenstivity reactions occur within the first few minutes of $Taxo^{(R)}$ administration, usually after the first or second dose. Here we report a case of a severe hypersensitivity reaction in a 72-year-old man undergoing $Genexol-PM^{(R)}$ infusion. Hypotension and polymorphic pruritic skin rash appeared 2 hours after the start of $Genexol-PM^{(R)}$ infusion (with an appropriate premedication). Treating with methylprednisolone, epinephrine and inotropic agents, reduced the hypotension and the skin rash disappeared. We report this case with a review of the literature.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.295-300
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• 2009

포름알데히드는 농약 노출 시에 나타나는 중요한 물질로 천식 및 알러지등의 호흡 질환을 일으키는 물질로 알려져 있으며, 폐에서 대식세포는 면역 반응에 있어서 방어 기능을 담당하는 세포로 알려져 있다. 그러나 대식세포에서 포름알데히드에 대한 효과는 알려져 있지 않고 있어서 대식 세포주인 Raw 264.7 세포를 이용하여 실험하였다. 실험 결과 포름알데히드는 세포 생존율을 감소 시켰으며, 이러한 반응은 항산화제인 vitamin C, NAC, 및 catalase 처리 시 차단되었다. 실제로 포름알데히드 처리시 산화성 스트레스 지표인 lipid peroxide 형성이 증가하였으며 이들 반응 역시 항산화제들에 의해 차단되었다. 한편 포름알데히드 처리시 세포 사멸 촉진 단백질인 Bax 발현은 증가하였으며 세포 사멸 억제 단백질인 Bcl-2의 발현은 억제되었으며 이러한 반응은 항산화제 처리시 차단되었다. 세포사멸 실행 단백질인 casapse-3의 활성형 역시 증가하였으며, 항산화제 처리시 차단되었다. 결론적으로 포름알데히드는 폐 대식세포에서 산화성 스트레스 증가를 통해 세포 사멸을 일으키는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.15-25
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• 2005

Purpose: Recently there are scientific evidences for the health effects of Asian dust-storms. Particularly in 2002, the daily average of $PM_10$ exceeded 600 and 700 $\mu{g}/m^3$ in March and April respectively. We examined the effects of Asian dust‐storms on perceived symptoms and preventive behaviors among children, adults, and elders. Method: The subjects of this study were 425 children, 444 adults and 60 elders. A questionnaire survey was carried out on the children and the adults by teachers and on the elders by interviewers to obtain information on demographic variables, perceived symptoms and preventive behaviors, previous respiratory disease, environmental tobacco smoke, and proximity between the house and the road during Asian dust-storms. We analyzed using descriptive statistics, $X^2$ test and multiple logistic regression models. After adjustment for potential confounders, we estimated the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of the children and the elders for perceived symptoms and preventive behaviors. Result: The elders had a significantly higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms than the other groups. The children had a significantly higher prevalence than the adults in getting URI (1.51), coughing (1.68), rhinorrhea (1.46), fever (2.39) and medication for allergy or asthma (1.90). The children had better behaviors than the elders in closing windows (3.57), taking less outdoor recreational activity (2.59) and staying home (2.60). Conclusion: This study suggested that children and elders are susceptible to the effects of Asian dust on health. Health educators should inform these populations about the influence of Asian dust and provide health education for preventive behaviors.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제87권3호
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• pp.338-348
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• 2024

Background: Increasing age has been observed among patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Age traditionally considered a risk factor for ICU mortality. We investigated how the epidemiology and clinical outcomes of older ICU patients have changed over a decade. Methods: We analyzed patients admitted to the ICU at a university hospital in Seoul, South Korea. We defined patients aged 65 and older as older patients. Changes in age groups and mortality risk factors over the study period were analyzed. Results: A total of 32,322 patients were enrolled who aged ≥65 years admitted to the ICUs between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2017. Patients aged ≥65 years accounted for 35% and of these, the older (O, 65 to 74 years) comprised 19,630 (66.5%), very older (VO, 75 to 84 years) group 8,573 (29.1%), and very very older (VVO, ≥85 years) group 1,300 (4.4%). The mean age of ICU patients over the study period increased (71.9±5.6 years in 2007 vs. 73.2±6.1 years in 2017) and the proportions of the VO and VVO group both increased. Over the period, the proportion of female increased (37.9% in 2007 vs. 43.3% in 2017), and increased ICU admissions for medical reasons (39.7% in 2007 vs. 40.2% in 2017). In-hospital mortality declined across all older age groups, from 10.3% in 2007 to 7.6% in 2017. Hospital length of stay (LOS) decreased in all groups, but ICU LOS decreased only in the O and VO groups. Conclusion: The study indicates a changing demographic in ICUs with an increase in older patients, and suggests a need for customized ICU treatment strategies and resources.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제87권3호
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• pp.329-337
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• 2024

Background: Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is known to useful biomarker for detecting eosinophilic airway inflammation. However, there is a lack of evidence regarding the role of FeNO in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We aimed to assess whether elevated FeNO and its impact on treatment change into an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)-containing regimen and association with acute exacerbation (AE) in patients with COPD. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 107 COPD patients without a history of asthma from March 2016 to December 2019. The patients whose FeNO value was more than 50 parts per billion (ppb) were defined into the high FeNO group. Multivariable analysis with logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with AE in COPD. Results: The median FeNO value was 32 ppb (interquartile range, 19 to 45) and 34 (20.0%) patients were classified as high FeNO group (median 74 ppb). In the high FeNO group, changes in inhaler treatment into an ICS-containing regimen occurred in 23 of 34 patients after the measurement of FeNO. In multivariate analysis, high FeNO was not a contributing factor for AE, but only the high blood eosinophil count (≥300 cells/µL) was associated with AE (adjusted odds ratio, 2.63; 95% confidence interval, 1.01 to 6.91; p=0.049). Conclusion: High FeNO value had a significant impact on the prescription of ICSs in COPD patients, but it did not show a significant association with AE either on its own or with changes in treatment.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.31-41
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• 2007

연구배경: 폐암의 병인에 기여하거나 예후를 결정하는 인자에 대해서는 매우 다양한 인자와 다양한 상호 관계로 인하여 특히 유전자의 역할에 대해서는 결정적으로 알려진 것이 없어 앞으로 더 많은 연구가 필요한 실정이다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 COX-2, MMP-9, p53가 비소세포폐암에서 어떻게 발현되는지 세포면역학적으로 알아보고 임상 특성과 예후와 상관관계를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 91명의 비소세포폐암을 대상으로 하여 후향적으로 임상특성을 고찰하고 COX-2, MMP-9, p53의 유전자 표현을 세포면역학적 방법을 통하여 검사하였다. 임상특성과 유전자 표현 패턴의 상관관계와 생존에 대한 예후인자로서의 역할에 대하여 조사하였다. 결 과: 1) 편평상피세포암에서는 흡연자과 남자가 우세한 비율을 차지하였으며 남자에서 흡연의 비율이 유의하게 높았다. 2) 전체 대상 환자에서 생존에 영향을 미치는 결정적인 인자는 근치적 절제술의 시행여부와 병기로 나타났다. 3) COX-2의 발현은 편평상피세포암 보다 선암에서 더 유의하게 높게 발현되었다. 4) COX-2, MMP-9, p53의 발현이 모두 되지 않는 비율은 선암에 비해 편평상피세포암에서 더 흔하게 관찰되었다. 5) p53돌연변이가 있으면서 COX-2와 MMP-9은 발현이 되지 않는 비소세포폐암환자의 생존기간이 다른 발현 양상을 보이는 경우에서의 생존기간보다 더 연장되어 보였다(생존기간의 중앙값; 165.6주). 6) COX-2의 발현과 MMP-9의 발현 사이에는 유의한 상관관계가 있었다. 7) 폐암을 근치적으로 절제한 환자의 경우에 COX-2의 발현은 유의한 예후인자였다. MMP-9는 근치적 절제술을 받지 못한 환자군에서 유의한 예후인자로 작용하였다.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제85권3호
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• pp.566-578
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• 2024

목적 전산화단층촬영(이하 CT) 유도 경피 폐 생검에서 흉막 천자 시에 호흡 시기가 합병증 발생에 영향을 미치는지 조사하는 것이다. 대상과 방법 자유 호흡 중 시행된 폐 생검의 CT 스캔 477개를 후향적으로 검토하였다. 흉막 천자 시 호흡 시기는 자유 호흡 중 얻은 CT 영상에서 목표 결절의 table position의 차이로 분석 평가하였다. 세 가지 호흡 시기(흡기, 중간, 호기)에서의 합병증 발생률을 비교하였다. 기흉에 대한 교란변수를 통제하기 위해 로지스틱 회귀 분석을 하였다. 결과 477건의 시술 중에서 흉막 천자는 227건(47.6%)에서 호기, 108건(22.6%)에서 중기, 142건(29.8%)에서 흡기에서 시행되었다. 기흉 발생률은 호기에서 유의하게 낮았고(40/227, 17.6%; p = 0.035) 중기에서 유의하게 높았다(31/108, 28.7%; p = 0.048). 교란변수를 통제한 후, 호기 시 흉막 천자는 기흉에 대해 독립적인 보호 요인으로 작용하였다(오즈비 = 0.571; 95% 신뢰구간 = 0.360-0.906; p = 0.017). 결론 본 연구 결과는 이미지 유도하 경피적 폐 생검시 호기에서 흉막 천자를 시행하는 것이 기흉 발생률을 감소시킬 수 있음을 보여주었다.