• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.507-517
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• 2010

This study estimated the amount of carbon stocks in harvested wood products (HWP) using accounting approaches suggested by 2006 IPCC guidelines and analyzed the impacts of different approaches on national greenhouse gas inventory and the forest sector in Korea. The change in carbon stocks was calculated at the level of semi-finished wood products, which cover sawnwood, wood-based panels, other industrial wood, paper and paperboard. An estimation of the changes in carbon stocks in HWP in use for the period 1970~2008 varied between -9,023 Gg $CO_2$/yr and 4,052 Gg $CO_2$/yr depending on the accounting approach used. The stock-change approach provided the most favorable results because Korea was a net importer of wood products. However, each approach generates different impacts on harvest, trade, the use of wood for energy production and recycling. When deciding its position on accounting approach, thus, the Government should consider future direction of national forest policies as well as the effect on national greenhouse gas inventory for the minimization of negative impacts resulting from its selection.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.509-515
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• 1998

Activated coffee chars were prepared from coffee waste by chemical activation with zinc chloride. In this study, the following processes were carried out ; roasting step, carbonization step, chemical activation step, and washing and drying step. The roasting step of coffee waste was carried out at $300{\sim}400^{\circ}C$ for 10 minutes. The optimum condition of carbonization was at $650^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour. The most important parameter in chemical activation of coffee char was found to be the chemical ratio of activation agents. Activated coffee chars prepared by various activation methods were characterized in terms of the nitrogen BET surface area, the BJH pore volume and pore size distribution at 77 K. The $N_2$-BET surface areas and total pore volume of coffee chars prepared by the chemical activation with $ZnCl_2$ were determined as about $1110{\sim}1580m^2/g$ and $0.51{\sim}0.81cm^3/g$, respectively. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the porosity and surface of activated coffee chars. From the results of SEM analysis, it was shown that active surface and many pores were formed after the chemical activation. The preparation of the activated coffee char from coffee waste was successfully carried out, which previews a possibility for exploitation of resources by recycling the waste.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.133-142
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• 2014

Recently, more focus is shift to imbalances in aggregate market supply and demand and an exhaustion of natural resources. In this situation, Electric arc furnace oxidizing slag (EAF Slag) has high application possibility as aggregate for concrete due to similar property with general aggregate. In this study, We've got the plan to assure the chemical stability of EAF Slag, and then experimentally tested the mechanical performance and durability for the fine aggregate used EAF Slag. On this test result, we suggest the application plan. At the result of this study, it shows that EAF slag would reduce the surface defect such as pop-out due to natural aging for the fixed hour and adjustment the grain size of EAF Slag. And mechanical performance and durability according to the replacement rate of concrete service, were revealed more than equal or equal compare to general aggregate. Hereafter, quality control must precede not to impede the beauty of concrete surface as assure the safety for aging and processing. And, to establish the environmental resource recycling system for by-products of steel, it should be made development of various application and guideline of quality control for the EAF slag aggregate. Moreover, it must be constantly studied all kind of engineering performance and durability for related to this study.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.79-108
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to research instances of green library construction and recognition in order to increase awareness of green libraries. To this end, we investigated the green library's outline and green building, evaluated cases of G-SEED certified libraries, and surveyed the employees at the 16 different G-SEED certified libraries. Results showed that the employees' knowledge of green libraries and the green certification system was low, whereas their interest and needs regarding the green library concept were very high. Second, the respondents were able to recognize as a whole the factors of green library construction based on the evaluation items for G-SEED and place particular emphasis on 'recyclable resources & recycling bins.' However, only a few recognized 'water reclamation/reuse system establishment' as a green library factor. Third, the respondents largely agreed upon an evaluation of items on the suitability of G-SEED, and their ranked reasons for build a green library were preventing environmental pollution, energy-saving, environment, ecology, and indoor environmental factors. Fourth, a lack of 'awareness about the concept of the green library' was thought to most affect the awareness of difficulties in green library construction, and the respondents agreed with the need for 'library image enhancement' to better manage expectations of the green library.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.451-459
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• 2014

The development and reduction scheme under implementation plan of TMDLs were performed in the Jinwi watershed including 8 cities (Gunpo, Yongin, Suwon, Anseong, Osan, Uiwang, Pyeongtaek and Hwaseong) since 2012. Progress of the annual development schemes was faster than the reduction schemes in most of the cities during the planning period. Main load reduction methods included establishment and enlargement of sewage treatment plants, resources of livestock excretions, and introduction of best management practices of non-point source pollution. Especially, reduction load using recycling and composting of livestock excretions comprised 34.1% of all reduction load. It is necessary to implement methodical development and reduction scheme for making of successful performance of TMDLs and water quality improvement in the Jinwi watershed.

• Clean Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.297-305
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• 2021

In the domestic aluminum industry, the extrusion process is a major process accounting for more than 40% of the total production. However, most domestic aluminum extrusion companies produce aluminum using old equipment that is more than 30 years old. Extrusion press is when the equipment is not replaced before the wear and breakage of major parts occur, reducing productivity and increasing the defect rate compared to new equipment. The old extrusion press often loses part drawings, so it is difficult to repair them properly on-site and to remanufacture them due to the lack of technical skills for maintenance. Therefore, a systematic remanufacturing plan must be designed from dismantling the equipment. In this study, remanufacturing FMEA was devised to remanufacture old extrusion press. The risk priority was analyzed by considering the degree of damage to the recycled parts, the cycle due to breakage/damage during the extrusion process, and the value of recycling resources due to remanufacturing. To standardize the remanufacturing process, remanufactured FMEA was performed through part analysis according to the structural analysis of the extrusion press. In addition, remanufacturing priorities were selected for each part, while remanufacturing itself was studied for efficiency of resource circulation and product quality stabilization.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.23-29
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• 2019

In general, pipe laying works are performed by constructing underground facilities such as pipes and then refilling the rest of the area with sand or soil. However, there are many problems in the compaction process such as difficulties in tampering around the underground facility and low compaction efficiency. Such problems cause deformation and damage to the underground pipes during refilling work and ultimately cause road sinks. Construction methods using CLSM are one of the typical methods to solve these issues, and recently, studies on CLSM using coal ash, which has similar engineering properties as sand, have been actively performed to protect environment and recycle resources. While many studies have been conducted to recycle fly ash in many ways, the demand for recycling bottom ash is increasing as most of the bottom ash is not recycled and reclaimed at ash disposal sites. Therefore, in order to find bottom ash applications using eco-friendly soil binders that are environmentally beneficial and conform with CLSM standards, this study investigated flow characteristics and strength change characteristics of eco-friendly soil binders, weathered granite soil, a typical site-generated soil, bottom ash, and fly ash mixed soil and evaluated the soil pollution to present CLSM application methods using bottom ash.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.67
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• pp.205-236
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• 2021

This study examined the record destruction problem systematically implemented by the Japanese colonial rule during the wartime period, centering on the persistence of the remaining records of Government-General of Chosen. It became clearer to recognize the historical probabilities that the decisions made by the Japanese cabinet were carried out on official documents in the same way throughout the empire, including mainland Japan and colonies. It was also confirmed that a system for disposing of records, such as reduction and organization of public documents, and recycling of paper resources, has already been established against the backdrop of the situation where the war spread and the war situation worsened after the late 1930s. In addition, it was attempted to extract the types and characteristics of documents discarded by the Japanese colonial rule through a review of the regulations on handling secret documents of the Government-General of Chosen and the regulations on the police department. At the same time, it was found that various chiefs (subsidiaries) that could know the status of documents to be retained or the status of preservation according to the governmental regulations revealed that there was no single book, and this was directly related to the massive destruction of official documents by the Joseon Governor-General immediately after defeat.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.63-72
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• 2011

The aim of this study, a traditional residential area in the environmentally friendly design techniques to identify the techniques and principles that have been carried out to reestablish the principles. To do this, through literature review environmental performance is reflected in the traditional residential area side of resources conservation, locational aspects, spatial configuration, and how cases were selected looking for ways to apply modern. Are examples of upper class housing in the Chosen Dynasty Period period construction relatively well-preserved round and a good building with a clear housing Dokrakdang year were selected. Locational aspects of the terrain with minimal changes to the building and construction techniques were entirely in terms of environmental conservation and environmental temperature was adjusted to regulate the room temperature technique could be seen. In terms of cycling in natural materials were recycled. and water make used of positive through water cycling technique & water control. In addition, the importance of landscape views overlooking the landscape from inside to outside through the regulation of the various internal and external space technique was used to attract and expand. Traditionality in the pursuit of modern space, simply cut off because of tradition rather than to restore or recover the organizing principle inherent in the traditional space, and extraction of the contemporary social, cultural and environmental understanding of space is acceptable in basis. Environmentally-friendly design techniques in a traditional residential area for a long time to be developed by the experience of its application of modern environmental and energy problems and pleasant environment to the creation of human life and are subject to significant swings in that.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.623-646
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• 2021

As the demand for electric power increases with acceleration of electrification at home and abroad, the needs for coal-fired electrical power plant are accordingly increased. However, these coal-fired electrical power plants induce also many environmental problems such as increase of air pollutants, increase of possibility of land contamination by reclamation of coal ash, even though these power plants have a good economical efficiency. In case of a by-product of coal-fired electrical power plants, only 70% of them are recycled and the remaining 30% of by-product are fully buried in surrounding ground. Consequently, this study deals with coal ash backfilling mechanism in abandoned mine openings for the purposes of increasing the coal ash recycling rate as well as securing the mine area stability. In order to analyze the backfill and ground reinforcement by interaction between rock mass and backfills, the copying samples of discontinuous surface with different roughnesses were produced for bond strength tests and direct shear tests. And statistical analysis was also conducted to decide the characteristics of bond and shear behavior with joint roughness and their curing day. Numerical simulations were also analyzed for examining the effect of interface behavior on ground stability.