• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.967-982
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• 2016

Current codes design the buildings based on life safety criteria. In a performance-based design (PBD) approach, decisions are made based on demands, such as target displacement and performance of structure in use. This type of design prevents loss of life but does not limit damages or maintain functionality. As a newly developed method, resilience-based design (RBD) aims to maintain functionality of buildings and provide liveable conditions after strong ground movement. In this paper, the seismic performance of plain and strengthened RC frames (an eight-story and two low-rise) is evaluated. In order to evaluate earthquake performance of the frames, the performance points of the frames are calculated by the capacity spectrum method (CSM) of ATC-40. This method estimates earthquake-induced deformation of an inelastic system using a reduced response spectrum. Finally, the seismic performances of the frames are evaluated and the results are compared with a resilience-based design criterion.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.38-46
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• 2021

The Organization's ability to respond to social disasters has begun to be treated as important through social shock situations that have never been experienced, such as COVID-19. Among them, the ability to respond to unexpected risks and resilience is emerging. Since social disasters such as infectious diseases are periodically repeated, compounded, and enlarged, they develop into a global crisis situation, so this crisis response capability is treated as national competitiveness. Therefore, this study aims to improve the organization's response capability in terms of risk response and resilience under rapid social disasters such as COVID-19. The aviation safety field was taken as an example. From the Safety-II perspective, safety management focuses on the ability to resilience in response to system vulnerabilities in various situations. In this study, I intend to apply RAG(Resilience Assessment Grid) of Respond, Monitor, Learn and Anticipate, the four major potential of resilience engineering. Based on Hollnagel's research, potential elements were classified into four, and items were organized through an expert panel using Delphi techniques. The final configured RAG items are 15 Respond, 15 Monitor, 15 Learn and 11 Anticipate. The RAG was evaluated by 42 experts in the field of aviation safety.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2013

This paper looks at the Fukushima disaster from the perspective of resilience engineering, which replaces a search for causes with an understanding of how the system failed in its performance. Referring to the four resilience abilities of responding, monitoring, learning, and anticipating, the paper focuses on how inadequate engineering anticipation or risk assessment during the design, in combination with inadequate response capabilities, precipitated the disaster. One lesson is that systems such as nuclear power plants are complicated, not only in how they function during everyday or exceptional conditions, but also during their whole life cycle. System functions are intrinsically coupled synchronically and diachronically in ways that may affect the ability to respond to extreme conditions.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.97-113
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• 2020

토양은 인간의 삶의 터전이자 식량안보를 책임질 수 있는 근간으로, UN의 지속가능한 개발 목표에서도 중요하게 다루고 있다. 농업환경에서 토양 리질리언스는, 불확실성과 예측불가능성이 높은 시대에 건전하고 지속가능한 토양 관리를 위해 반드시 필요한 연구분야이다. 토양 리질리언스의 정의는 연구자들마다 조금씩 다르나 교란에 대한 회복과 저항 개념을 공통적으로 포함하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 종류의 교란에 대한 토양 리질리언스의 반응을 평가하기 위하여 사용된 토양의 물리적, 화학적, 생물학적 특성들을 정리하였다. 이어서 토양 리질리언스 연구의 시공간적 범위가 넓은 것에 기인한 다양한 통계 처리 기법들과 리질리언스 정량화 방법들을 정리하였다. 또한 많은 토양 리질리언스 연구들은 공통적으로 (1) 토양 및 부지 선정 (2) 스트레스 및 교란 (독립변수) 설정 (3) 토양 특성 및 지표 (종속변수) 설정 (4) 다양한 시공간적 규모 (scale) 실험 수행 (5) 데이터 통계분석 등 5단계에 걸쳐 수행되어왔음을 확인할 수 있었다. 선행 및 이번 연구를 통해 토양 리질리언스의 일반적 개론을 다루었으며, 이를 바탕으로 국내 농업 환경을 고려한 실질적인 연구가 수행되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2021년도 학술발표회
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• pp.126-126
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• 2021

Stormwater reduction plays an important role in the safety and resilience to flooding in urban areas. Due to rapid climate change, the world is experiencing abnormal climate phenomena, and sudden floods and concentrated torrential rains are frequently occurring in urban basins and the amount of outflow due to stormwater increases. In addition, the damage caused by urban flooding and inundation due to extreme rainfall exceeding the events that occurred in the past increases. To solve this problem, water supply, drainage, and water supply for sustainable urban development, the water management paradigm is shifting from sewage maintenance to water circulation and water-sensitive cities. So, in this study, The purpose of this study is to examine measures to increase the resilience of urban ecosystem systems for urban excellence reduction by analyzing the effects of green infra structures and LID techniques and evaluating changes in resilience. In this study, for simulating and analysis of runoff for various stormwater patterns and LID applications, Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) was used.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.289-295
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• 2017

Purpose: This paper will focus on the reliability technological innovation following the emergence of industry 4.0 featured by convergence, connection and complexity. In the course of the process, the concept and application of 3R (Robustness, Redundancy, Resilience) are considered along with reliability in industry 4.0. Methods: Reliability paradigm-changes are presented to meet the purpose of keeping the desired function in Industry 4.0. And the introduction of resilience, a concept compromising reliability is to be suggested. Results: The necessity of the 3R (Robustness, Redundancy, Resilience) introduction is emphasized according to reliability paradigm-changes. Conclusion: Reliability, robustness, redundancy and resilience are not mutually exclusive. Ultimately, acquiring the resilience requires robustness, redundancy and fittable maintenance procedures.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.91-110
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• 2020

The reliability of structures is affected by various impacts that generally have a negative effect, from extreme weather conditions, due to climate change to natural or man-made hazards. In recent years, extreme loading has had an enormous impact on the resilience of structures as one of the most important characteristics of the sound design of structures, besides the structural integrity and robustness. Resilience can be defined as the ability of the structure to absorb or avoid damage without suffering complete failure, and it can be chosen as the main objective of design, maintenance and restoration for structures and infrastructure. The latter needs further clarification (which is done in this paper), to achieve the clarity of goals compared to robustness which is defined in Eurocode EN 1991-1-7 as: "the ability of a structure to withstand events like fire, explosions, impact or the consequences of human error, without being damaged to an extent disproportionate to the original cause". Many existing structures are more vulnerable to the natural or man-made hazards due to their material deterioration, and a further decrease of its loadbearing capacity, modifying the structural performance and functionality and, subsequently, the system resilience. Due to currently frequent extreme events, the design philosophy is shifting from Performance-Based Design to Resilience-Based Design and from unit to system (community) resilience. The paper provides an overview of such design evolution with indicative needs for Resilience-Based Design giving few conducted examples.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.245-256
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• 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, several studies focused on financial programs and SMEs' performance, but research on the relationship between non-financial programs, resilience, and SMEs' performance is still sparse. This study fills the gap by analyzing the role of local government in increasing SME resilience and performance by purchasing products (through civil servants) from SMEs and by facilitating online training to SMEs. This study also investigates the role of the local government in strengthening the relationship between resilience and SME performance. Data was collected using an online questionnaire distributed to SMEs in Malang Regency. As many as 410 questionnaires were received and eligible for statistical analysis using WarpPLS. The results show that resilience is positively and significantly related to the performance of SMEs. The local government programs have been proven to improve SME performance directly and indirectly through resilience. Local government programs are not proven to strengthen the relationship between resilience and the performance of SMEs, indicating that the role of government in developing countries such as Indonesia is more appropriate to be "rowing rather than steering" not "steering rather than rowing".

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2019년도 학술발표회
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• pp.162-162
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• 2019

Water Distribution Network (WDN) is a critical infrastructure to be maintained ensuring proper water supply to wide-spread consumers. The WDN consists of pipes, valves, pumps and tanks, and these elements interact each other to provide adequate system performance. If elements fail by internal or external interruptions, it may result in adverse impact to water service with different degree depending on the failed element. To determine an appropriate maintenance priority, the critical elements need to be identified and mapped in the network. In order to identify and prioritize the critical elements in WDN, an element-based simulation approach is proposed, in which all the elements composing the WDN are reviewed one at a time. The element-based criticality is measured using several resilience indexes that are newly developed in this study. The proposed resilience indexes are used to quantify the impacts of element failure to water service degradation. Here, three resilience indexes are developed, such as User Demand Severity, Economic Value Loss and Water Age Degradation, each of which intends to measure different aspects of consequences, such as social, economic, and water quality, respectively. For demonstration, the proposed approach is applied to a benchmark water network to identify and prioritize the critical elements.

• 국토계획
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.122-130
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze effect of climate and urban factors on energy resilience, and to explore policy alternatives to strengthen resilience of energy system. For this purpose, this study used extensive literature review on resilience studies and multiple regression analysis. In this study, blackout time was set as a dependent variable. And the independent variables were divided into climate and urban (robustness, countermeasure capacity) characteristics. As a result of the analysis, in terms of climate characteristics, maximum wind speed and cooling/heating degree-day have statistically significant impact on blackout time. With regard to urban characteristics, number of consumer, ratio of deteriorated housing and coast dummy variables have statistically significant impact on blackout time. And the ratio of government employees and road ratio were found to be the most influencing factors to shorten time taken to restore original level of electricity supply. Based on the study results, several policy suggestions to improve energy resilience were made such as continuous management of vulnerable areas and strengthening disaster response services. This study only considered engineering dimension of resilience. Further studies need to be approached on ecological & social-ecological dimension.