• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.53-60
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• 2010

The comprehensive tests on unsaturated weathered granite soils are carried out to obtain the soil-water characteristic curve that is the one of the essential requisites to study the unsaturated soil. The weathered granite soils were obtained at Palgong mountain in Daegu. The existing test results have been carried out without overburden pressures and volume changes. In this study, the volumetric pressure plate extractor is improved to consider two factors such as overburden pressure and volume change. The applied overburden pressures were 0, 25, 50, 75, 100kPa and volume changes were measured at each phase. he results of this study are summarized as follows: As the overburden pressure increases, the volumetric water content decreases at the same matric suction and the air entry value increases and gradient of curve at the transition zone and the size of the hysteresis loops decreases. As the overburden pressure increases, the degree of saturation increases at the same matric suction and degree of saturation of the wetting curve is higher than that of dry curve. The SWCC with volume changes are slightly larger than those without volume changes. The general equation proposed by Fredlund & Xing(1994) to fit the experimental result of the SWCC indicates good agreement. The empirical parameters a, n, m as overburden pressure show similar inclination as the existing results.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.99-125
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• 2012

The objectives of this study was to apprehend the displaying components by comparing and analyzing the ten types of construction textbooks used in Technical high schools by elaboration theory by Ferigeluth, and to supply preliminary data for the following revising textbooks. To achieve them, first, comparable units were excerpted by analyzing between the national textbooks of 7th curriculum and the new revised curriculum used in Technical high schools. Second, each five types of 7th and new curriculum textbooks were compared and analyzed by seven requisites in the Elaboration theory by Reigeluth. As the results of the study, first, elaborating process like conceptual, procedural, and theoretical elaboration has been applied to the different subjects according to their properties. Second, cognitive strategy activator among the seven strategies was widely used. Whereas, analogy was not applied to all the ten types of the text books. In addition, Learning prerequisite sequence was presented with only simple picture and explanation, and it was inadequately used in practice. Third, summary was more used in 7th curriculum text than the new revised text. Fourth, six strategy components were widely used to all texts except construction and materials in the five types of texts. Lastly synthesis of theory and practice was more used than summary in theory subjects and learner control was more used in the subject of the synthesis of theory and practice.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.24-47
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• 2016

The purpose of the this study is to analyze consulting demands in vocational education and training (VET) high schools participating the apprenticeship system in Korea. The results of the study are as follows. Firstly, there are 9 sections of consulting that teachers in charge of apprenticeship program in VET high schools demanded. Especially, the demands for the consulting that related with 'student evaluation', 'apprenticeship program development and organization planning of schools' curriculum', 'selection and management of enterprises', 'organization of apprentices classes and student management', 'teaching & learning activities and textbook development' were relatively high. Secondly, there were differences in demands of consulting by VET high schools' current management status. By the type of organization, demands for consulting of both 'training center in main school' of organization and 'training center in common' of organization were higher than 'independent school' of organization generally. By the type of apprenticeship program hours, demands for consulting of both 'above 1400 hours' and '1200 ~ 1400 hours' were higher than 'less than 1200 hours' generally. By the type of OJT operation, demands for consulting of 'a type of OJT that is operated in long term(more than 2 weeks)' were higher than 'a type of OJT that is operated weekly' generally. As a result from above, there are some pre-requisites for the stable operations of VET high schools. 1) The apprenticeship program shall be developed not to interrupt school's regular curriculum. 2) For the smooth management between apprenticeship program and school curriculum, the academic calender has to be established so as the type of OJT operation. 3) The cooperation among the participating schools in part of the organization is unavoidable.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.67-74
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• 2011

One of the major requisites for the success of the smart-TV is to create a circumstance where smart-TV app's are produced and purchased on a large scale. However, the smart TV app's may succeed only under the condition that the user interface of the smart TV is greatly evolved from the typical TV remote controller. Several equipments have been devised to tackle the problem of the poor user interface of the smart-TV; however, they are not satisfactory in the aspects that they usually increase the costs of TV-set and they do not help practically the app developers. The equipments are pre formed so that it is hard for the app developers to design their own user interface using them. In the paper, sMartUX, a method for developing the smart-TV app is introduced. sMartUX provides a new paradigm and development environment for designing, implementing, and operating the user interface of the smart TV app using a smart-phone. With sMartUX, app developers can design their own user interface using the various facilities of a smart-phone, and they need not to care the details of various smart-phones and how to launch their user interface onto a smart-phone.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 1996.06a
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• pp.79-109
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• 1996

In order to transform the underground utility data into the 3-D spatial objects, this thesis defined the type of the 3-D spatial objects and the storage structure of objects, and developed the spatial data transformation system that transforms the 2-D underground utility data into the pre-defined 3-D spatial objects through the Booch Method, an object-oriented development method. For this sake, the relational data model of ARC/INFO and the storage structure are analyzed, as well as the pre-requisites, required for the 3-D visualization of the underground utilities. Also, the 2-D underground utility data, saved in ARC/INFO, were transformed into the ASCII files through the internal pre-processing procedure, then used as the input data of the transformation system. In addition, to develop the transformation system, the object-oriented development methods are studied first and, then, applied to the system analysis and the design procedure with the Booch Method as a development method. Finally, the results of analysis and design procesure are implemented through AML, a ARC/INFO macro language, and C++, an object-oriented programing language. As a result of this study, the 3-D spatial objects that can visualize the 2-D utilities in 3-D, are acquired, and the adaptation of object-oriented development method to the system development procedure enabled an effective development prodedure.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-39
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• 2013

The Cooperatives Act was enacted. This enabled people to establish easily cooperatives at various fields. A cooperative is an important vehicle for rural community development. Therefore, the enactment of the Cooperatives Act can be a significant chance for rural policy. The Cooperatives Act have made three significant changes. First, cooperatives can start businesses at all the fields except for financial and insurance business. Second, requisites for people to establish cooperatives have been alleviated exceptionaly. Third, the Cooperatives Act introduced a new cooperative organization, social cooperative which aims to serve the socially excluded class. The self-help approach places rural community members at the core of a development process with two goals: to improve the quality of life within the community and to facilitate the community's capacity building. Community cooperatives contribute to accomplish those goals. One of the roles for cooperatives is to provide products and services at competitive prices. Providing a good or service at a competitive price bcomes increasingly important in some rural communities declines. Cooperative development processes have bic impacts on the ablility of community members to increase human asset and social capital. We conducted a survey targeting rural community businesses to grasp inclinations toward establishing cooperatives. The Cooperatives Act has gained low level of recognition. But so many community businesses wanted to establish cooperatives. This means there is a possibility for many community businesses to establish cooperatives without sufficient understanding. We suggested some policy issues for coping with this situation, as followings. First, the governments should provides rural community residents with opportunities to learn about cooperatives. Second, the current legal systems and regulations about business and social service should be reviewed to do away with the possible discrimination between the new cooperatives and the other forms of incoporation. Third, the cooperation of cooperatives should be encouraged and facilitated in rural communities.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.66-93
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• 1979

Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, which has been known for more than EWO years. occupies a Particular prince in folk medicine as so called tonic remedy. The pharmacolgical investigations of ginseng, based on the scientific concepts and methodology, have been performed by many researchers through the past 50∼60 years at different parts of the world. The pharmacological action of Panax ginseng compiled from the numerous reports can be summarized as follows: 1. On central nervous system, the effect of Panax ginseng is timulatory in smaller doses and somewhat depressive in larger doses. From the psychopharmacological aspect, ginseng seems to increase the mental efficiency of man. 2. Ginseng has the effect tending to Protect organism from various physical and chemical stresses. 3. The growth and basal metabolic rates of experimental animals are stimulated by ginseng. Ginseng also prolongs the survival time of animals under adverse influences. 4. Increasing the physical and mental efficiency, ginseng postpones the onset of fatigue and increases the working capacities. 5. In the case of the intravenous administration of ginseng, a transitory and slight hypotensive effect is observed. These hypotensive effects seems to include that of a direct action and actions related to the release of histamine and/or serotonin by ginseng. 6. It is Presumed that ginseng lowers the elevated bleed ingar and cholesterol level. 7. Ginseng tends to increase the gastrointestinal motizity and tone 8. It is presumed that ginseng Promotes the iron metabolism and activates the hematopoietic factors. 9. Ginseng tends to stimulate the biosynthesis of nucleic acid and release of histamine and serotonin. 10. The toxicity end adverse reactions of ginseng appear to be nothing that warrants apprehension. 11. Anticancer erects of ginseng seem to be due to indirect action rather than direct action on cancer cell, by improving the host condition 12. Recent clinical trials of ginseng harts obtained sent good results, but Present trial is still limited in its range, so it is necessary to broaden the scope of trial covering many kinds of organs and diseases. From the above, although it appears that substantial advancements have been achieved in the studies on the Pharmacological actions of Panax ginseng there are many discrepancies noticed in the reported data. Furthermore the precise mechanisms of actions of ginseng are sometimes obscure, even unknown in other actions as the students stand now. The main reasons for this are considered to be that even though saponin has been identified at one of the active substances of ginseng, other components have not fully been identified and that the experimental approaches of the investigations varied with different researchers. Thus a thorough analysis of the chemical components and newer standardized concepts and metohds appear to be the pre-requisites for further study of the pharmacolgical effects and mechaisms of Panax ginseng.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 2000

National plant quarantine inspector of exporting country should inspect agricultural products according to the quarantine requisites of counterpart country when the commodities are shipped. Export of pear fruits was held because quarantine pests including Conogethes punctiferalis were found at the point of entry in Canada. In order to examine the problems in detail, the inspected pear fruits were stored at a low temperature for 43 days, almost the same period necessary for fruit sorting, quarantine procedures, and transportation by ship. Dead larvae of fruit moths, C. punctiferalis and Grapholita molesta were found during cold storage. Quarantine pathogens were not found, but non-quarantine ones such as Penicillium sp. was infected through wounds by bruises and stabs resulted from sorting procedures. Because of the wounding problem during export procedures, pear fruits with thin exocarp, such as fruits of P. pyrifolia Nakai cv. Whangkeumbae, are required more careful handling during fruit sorting and conveyance.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.87-103
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• 2019

Nonaqueous organic electrolyte solution in commercially available lithium-ion batteries, due to its flammability, corrosiveness, high volatility, and thermal instability, is demanding to be substituted by safer solid electrolyte with higher cycle stability, which will be utilized effectively in large-scale power sources such as electric vehicles and energy storage system. Of various types of solid electrolytes, composite solid electrolytes with polymer matrix and active inorganic fillers are now most promising in achieving higher ionic conductivity and excellent interface contact. In this review, some kinds and brief history of solid electrolyte are at first introduced and consequent explanations of polymer solid electrolytes and inorganic solid electrolytes (including active and inactive fillers) are comprehensively carried out. Composite solid electrolytes including these polymer and inorganic materials are also described with their electrochemical properties in terms of filler shapes, such as particle (0D), fiber (1D), plane (2D), and solid body (3D). In particular, in all-solid-state lithium batteries using lithium metal anode, the interface characteristics are discussed in terms of cathode-electrolyte interface, anode-electrolyte interface, and interparticle interface. Finally, current requisites and future perspectives for the composite solid electrolytes are suggested by help of some decent reviews recently reported.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.228-232
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• 2016

As the quantity of HNS sea trasport and the number of HNS accidents at sea are increasing recently, the importance of HNS management is emphasized so that we try to develop marine accident case standard code for making HNS accidents at sea databased systemically in this study. First and foremost, we draw the related requisites of essential accident reports along with internal and external decrees and established statistics of classified items for conducting study, and we referred to analogous standard codes obtained from developed countries in order to research code design. Code design is set like 'Accident occurrence ${\rightarrow}$ The initial accident information ${\rightarrow}$ Accident response ${\rightarrow}$ Accident investigation' in accordance with the general flow of marine HNS accidents of in which the accident information is input and queried. We classified initial accident information into the items of five categories and constructed "Preliminary Information Code(P.I.C.)". In addition we constructed accident response in two categories and accident investigation in three categories that get possible after the accident occurrence as called "Full Information(F.I.C.)", including the P.I.C. It is represented in 3 kinds of steps on each topic by departmentalizing the classified majority as classified middle class and classified minority. As a result of coding marine HNS accident and of the code to a typical example of marine HNS accident, HNS accident was ascertained to be represented sufficiently well. We expect that it is feasible to predict possible trouble or accident henceforward by applying code, and also consider that it is valuable to the preparedness, response and restoration in relation to HNS accidents at sea by managing systemically the data of marine HNS accidents which will occur in the future.