• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.203-211
• /
• 1999

This study is to examine the feasibility of carbon fiber sheet(CFS), a kind of fiber reinforced plastic(FRP), for a repair and reinforcement of R/C beams. The flexural strength of R/C beams, that were preloaded and then the cracks were repaired, maintains that of the uncracked R/C beams. The flexural strength of R/C beams increases with the reinforcement of CFS. In order to practically apply the repair and reinforcement method, further research is needed for the distribution, amount, and bond of CFS. In this study, an experiment was conducted for R/C beams reinforced with CFS, for various wrapping method and amounts of CFS. Experimental results showed the wrapping method increasing the bond area and amount of CFS layer caused the increase in the strength of the beams. It is found that the strength of CFS should be used as 70% of the maximum strength in retrofitting reinforced concrete beams in evaluating flexural capacity on the basis of ultimate strength design method.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.183-189
• /
• 2006

RC 구조물에 대하여 FRP로 보수 보강 작업시, 주변 온도에 따른 일정기간의 양생을 필요로 하며 또한 양생과정 중 외부의 진동원으로부터 유해한 작용을 받는 것을 피하는 것이 바람직하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 탄소섬유쉬트(CFS)로 보강되는 RC구조물에 대하여, CFS양생과정 중 작용하는 반복하중이 보강성능에 미치는 영향을 일련의 보 실험을 통하여 분석하였다. 실험결과 CFS 1겹 보강의 경우에는 CFS부착 후 24시간, 2겹 보강의 경우에는 12시간동안 외부로부터의 반복하중을 차단하는 것이 필요한 것으로 판단되었다.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
• /
• 제6권3호
• /
• pp.199-207
• /
• 2012

Concrete is an economical construction material and for that reason it is widely used in buildings and infrastructures. The use of deicing salts, expansion joint failure, and freeze-thaw cycles have led to concrete bridge girders experiencing corrosion of steel reinforcement and becoming unsafe for driving. The goal of this research is to assess the effectiveness of current and possible repair techniques for the end region of damaged prestressed concrete girders. To do this, three American Association of State Highway and Transportation prestressed concrete girders were tested to failure, repaired, and retested. Three different repair materials were tested including carbon fiber, glass fiber, and surface mounted rods. Each different repair material was also tested with and without injected epoxy. Comparisons were then made to determine if injecting epoxy had a positive effect on stiffness and strength recovery as well as which repair type regained the largest percentage of original strength.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 2004년도 춘계 학술발표회 제16권1호
• /
• pp.100-103
• /
• 2004

Bridges are deteriorating over service life due to over weight vehicles, environmental conditions and so on. In addition to that, those could be classified into low level bridges which are not fit for highway because of upgrade of the design load. Consequently, such reasons impel the bridges to be repaired or strengthened. Among the rehabilitating methods, FRP sheets and externally prestressing methods are preferred recently. This paper presents experimental results about the behavior of PSC beams strengthened by external tendons and CFRP sheets.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.593-606
• /
• 2015

This paper presents a novel concept of healing some of the damages in wind turbine blades (WTBs) such as cracks and delamination. This is achieved through an inherent functioning autonomous repairing system. Such wind turbine blades have the benefit of reduced maintenance cost and increased operational period. Previous techniques of developing autonomous healing systems uses hollow glass fibres (HGFs) to deliver repairing fluids to damaged sites. HGFs have been reported with some limitations like, failure to fracture, which undermines their further usage. The self-healing technique described in this paper represents an advancement in the engineering of the delivery mechanism of a self-healing system. It is analogous to the HGF system but without the HGFs, which are replaced by multiple hollow channels created within the composite, inherently in the FRP matrix at fabrication. An in-house fabricated NACA 4412 WTB incorporating this array of network hollow channels was damaged in flexure and then autonomously repaired using the vascular channels. The blade was re-tested under flexure to ascertain the efficiency of the recovered mechanical properties.

• 환경위생공학
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.55-64
• /
• 2008

In this study, the management and improvement of public small-scale sewage treatment facilities was investigated. In order to improve the effective management of the operation of small-scale sewage treatment facilities, treatment methods and the problems associated with sewage treatment were carefully addressed based on the data and literature. The investigation results showed that sewer pipes in rural areas should be repaired to prevent sewage from leaking and small-scale operations should be required to have effective management for pollutant loads less than 50%. Also, new methods should be developed for low concentrations of sewage. A law associated with FRP treatment facilities should be established and local governments need to supervise these operations to avoid insufficient and faulty construction. It is recommended that new facilities are built with advanced treatment techniques when the old facility can not comply with nitrogen and phosphorous discharge limits. Moreover, the study shows that nutrient and coliform treatment efficiency improves when abandoned facilities are renovated with the installation of nitrification/denitrification and disinfection processes or another advanced process.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제63권5호
• /
• pp.575-583
• /
• 2017

The study covers the behavior of reinforced concrete deep beams loaded under 4-point bending, failed by shear and repaired using bonding glass fiber reinforced plastics fabrics (GFRP) patches. Two rehabilitation methods have been used to highlight the influence of the composite on the ultimate strength of the beams and their failure modes. In the first series of trials the work has been focused on the reinforcement/rehabilitation of the beam by following the continuous configuration of the FRP fabric. The patch with a U-shape did not provide satisfactory results because this reinforcement strategy does not allow to increase the ultimate strength or to avoid the abrupt shear failure mode. A second methodology of rehabilitation/reinforcement has been developed in the form of SCR (Strips of Critical Region), in which the composite materials reinforcements are positioned to band the inclined cracks (shear) caused by the shear force. The results obtained by using this method lead a superior out come in terms of ultimate strength and change of the failure mode from abrupt shearing to ductile bending.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.345-367
• /
• 2015

Past earthquakes have signaled the increased collapse vulnerability of mainshock-damaged bridge piers and urgent need of repair interventions prior to subsequent cascading hazard events, such as aftershocks, triggered by the mainshock (MS). The overarching goal of this study is to quantify the collapse vulnerability of mainshock-damaged substandard RC bridge piers rehabilitated with different repair jackets (FRP, conventional thick steel and hybrid jacket) under aftershock (AS) attacks of various intensities. The efficacy of repair jackets on post-MS resilience of repaired bridges is quantified for a prototype two-span single-column bridge bent with lap-splice deficiency at column-footing interface. Extensive number of incremental dynamic time history analyses on numerical finite element bridge models with deteriorating properties under back-to-back MS-AS sequences were utilized to evaluate the efficacy of different repair jackets on the post-repair behavior of RC bridges subjected to AS attacks. Results indicate the dramatic impact of repair jacket application on post-MS resilience of damaged bridge piers-up to 45.5 % increase of structural collapse capacity-subjected to aftershocks of multiple intensities. Besides, the efficacy of repair jackets is found to be proportionate to the intensity of AS attacks. Moreover, the steel jacket exhibited to be the most vulnerable repair intervention compared to CFRP, irrespective of the seismic sequence (severe MS-severe or moderate AS) or earthquake type (near-fault or far-fault).

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.187-194
• /
• 2017

To reuse a broken plain concrete (PC) arch, a retrofitting method was proposed to ensure excellent structural performances, in which carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs) were applied to repair and strengthen the damaged PC arch through bonding and wrapping techniques. Experiments were carried out to reveal the deformation and the load carrying capacity of the retrofitted composite arch. Based on the experiments, repairing and strengthening effects of the CFRP retrofitted broken arch were revealed. Simplified analysing model was suggested to predict the peak load of the CFRP retrofitted broken arch. According to the research, it is confirmed that absolutely broken PC arch can be completely repaired and reinforced, and even behaves more excellent than the intact PC arch when bonded together and strengthened with CFRP sheets. Using CFRP bonding/wrapping technique a novel efficient composite PC arch structure can be constructed, the comparison between rebar reinforced concrete (RC) arch and composite PC arch reveals that CFRP reinforcements can replace the function of steel bars in concrete arch.