• Human Ecology Research
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2017

This study examines the relationship among children's smart device immersion tendency, children's self-regulation, and pro-social behavior as well as investigates the mediating effect of self-regulation between children's smart device immersion tendency and pro-social behavior. Participants were composed of 263 4-year-old children attending kindergarten in Incheon and Gyeonggi province. Data were analyzed by means of Pearson's correlation coefficients in SPSS, the structural equation model and bootstrapping in AMOS. The results are as follows. First, there is a statistically meaningful relationship among children's smart device immersion tendency, self-regulation, and pro-social behavior. There is a negative correlation between children's smart device immersion tendency and children's self-regulation as well as pro-social behavior; however, there is positive relationship between children's self-regulation and pro-social behavior. Second, children's smart device immersion tendency had a direct effect on children's self-regulation. In addition, children's self-regulation indicated a direct effect on children's pro-social behavior. Third, children's self-regulation was found sufficient to mediate the relationship between children's smart device immersion tendency and pro-social behavior. The results indicate that the effort to increase children's self-regulation may decrease the negative effect toward children's pro-social behavior caused by smart device immersion tendencies.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.199-212
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• 2011

This study examined the influence of fashion product consumer's relationship benefit on relationship quality in the internet shopping mall. Also consumer's relationship benefit perception and relationship quality are identified in terms of consumer's relationship tendency(relationship period, relationship intensity). Survey research was conducted from November 1, 2011 to November 12, 2011 in people living in Seoul and other metropolitan areas who had purchased fashion products in the internet shopping mall. 620 useful data were analyzed by factor analysis, reliability analysis, multiple regression, t-test, ANOVA and duncan test using SPSS 17.0. The results were as follows: Relationship Benefit perceived by fashion product consumer was categorized into three factors including "economic benefit", "psychological benefit", "informational benefit". Each factor of relationship benefit had a significant influence on customer satisfaction, trust, and commitment. As for consumer's relationship benefit perception according to the relationship period for internet shopping mall, the consumer who had used the internet shopping mall longer perceived relationship benefit factors higher than shorter using consumer. As for relationship quality, there was a significant difference only in customer satisfaction according to consumer's relationship period for internet shopping mall, Relationship benefit factors and relationship quality showed Significant differences according to the degree of relationship intensity perceived by consumer in the internet shopping mall.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.169-185
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• 2003

The present study was to investigate whether Cyberspace addiction groups could be classified into types and examine the relationship with types of Cyberspace addiction and adolescents' psychological environment. The findings were as follows: First, adolescents' Cyberspace addiction was analyzed by factor analysis and classified by four different types, which were named as sensation seeking, life interference, time dependency, and psychological dependency. Second, male students experienced more sensation seeking and life interference tendencies than female students who experienced more psychological dependency tendency than male students. High school students experienced more life interference tendency than middle school students. Third, there was relationship with types of adolescents Cyberspace addiction and psychological environment. Adolescents who addicted Cyberspace with sensation seeking were more likely to avoid conversation with families, and had a tendency of compulsiveness and depression. Adolescents who addicted Cyberspace with life interference had a tendency of compulsiveness and depression, and had a problem of school life and family relationship. Adolescents who addicted Cyberspace with time dependency showed the compulsiveness and avoided conversation with families. Adolescents who addicted Cyberspace with psychological dependency were more likely to have peer relationship and had a tendency of depression. Conclusively, the psycho-social environment such as compulsiveness, depression, family and peer relationship, and school environment was related to types of adolescents' Cyberspace addiction more or less.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.38-46
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study isto identify the mediating effects of interpersonal problems in the relationship between Social Network Service (SNS) use tendency and depression among university students. Methods: Data were collected from April 28 to May 7, 2018 and the participants included 222 university students, who responded to the question regarding SNS use tendency, interpersonal problems and depression. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression using the SPSS/WIN 23.0 program. Results: A positive correlation is found between depression and SNS use tendency (r=.24, p<.001), and among interpersonal problems (r=.62, p<.001), SNS use tendency and interpersonal problems (r=.34, p<.001). Interpersonal problems have a full mediating effect on the relationship between SNS use tendency and depression (Sobel test: 5.24, p<.001). Conclusion: These results suggest that it is important to manage interpersonal problems to prevent depression caused by SNS use tendency.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.187-203
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• 2018

Objective: This study aimed to examine the mediating effect of mothers' parenting stress on the relationship between their self-differentiation and the tendency of addiction to social media. Methods: The participants in this study were two hundred and eight mothers with children aged 36 months or younger. Data were analyzed statistically using frequency, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Results: The results of the present study are as follows. First, the mothers' self-differentiation was negatively associated with their parenting stress and social media addiction tendency. Second, both the total scores of the mothers' parenting stress and their distress were found to partially mediate the relationship between their self-differentiation and social media addiction tendency. However, the mothers' daily stress did not mediate the relationship between the variables. Conclusion/Implications: The findings of the current study have implications for developing ways of intervening in mothers' social media addiction tendency by reducing their parenting stress, particularly for mothers with low levels of self-differentiation.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.13-29
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• 2020

This study investigated the relationship between preschoolers' smart media usage in regards to cognitive and language development, especially the mediating effect of preschoolers' smart media addiction tendency and the moderated mediating effect of maternal guidance on smart media usage. The study surveyed 273 preschoolers' mothers who lived in Daegu City and Kyungpook Province. The findings of this study were as follows. First, preschoolers' smart media addiction tendency mediated the relationship between smart media usage time in regards to cognitive and language development. Second, maternal active mediation and monitoring moderated the relationship between preschoolers' smart media usage time and smart media addiction tendency. Third, there was a maternal co-use moderated the mediating effect of preschoolers' smart media addiction tendency on language development. In conclusion, preschoolers' smart media addition tendency mediated the effect of smart media usage time on cognitive and language development. Among the mediation pathways, the influence of preschoolers' smart media addiction tendency on language development was moderated by maternal co-use. The findings of this study suggest that maternal guidance should be applied differently depending on preschoolers' smart media addiction tendency. This study examined preschoolers' and maternal smart media-related variables on preschoolers' cognitive and language development in order to provide preliminary data that can be used to explore the maternal guidance on how to use smart media for their preschool children.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.833-842
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to (1) investigate on the impulse purchase tendency of women who buy women's character clothing brands and (2) to clarify the relationship between the women's impulse purchase tendency and the marketing factors, and the brand image. The subjects were 203 women in their twenties and thirties who had purchased the women's character clothing brands in last six months living in Seoul. The data were collected by self-administered questionnaire and were analyzed by frequency, percentage, t-test, clustering analysis and MDS(Multi-Dimensional Scale). The results of the study were as follows: (1)66.0% of the women were categorized as the group of high-degree of impulse purchase tendency and 34.0% of the women were identified as the group of low-degree of impulse purchase tendency. (2) In identifying the relationship between the marketing factors and the impulse purchase tendency, the group of the high-degree of impulse purchase tendency was affected by the marketing factors such as new and fashionable products, status of display, advertising and discout selling. (3) Brand image was not statistically significant according to the impulse purchase tendency. As a whole, 'Obzee' was recognized as unique-style and sexy brand, 'Time' and 'Mine' were thought as the reasonable-prince and basic-style brands, 'Deco' were clarified as the intellectual-image brand, and 'Ego' and 'Telegraph' were revealed as high-price-image brands.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.63-72
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• 1997

For the purpose of examining the relationship between perceived stress, vulnerability variables, and somatization tendency, the self-report questionnaires of perceived stress, styles of stress coping(passive and active copings), self-perception, gender, and somatization tendency were administered to university entrants(n=2,024). The results were as follows: 1) Perceived stress, styles of stress coping(passive and active copings), self-perception, and gender accounted for 15.56% of the total variance in somatization tendency. As a result of comparing the relative contributions of all predictor variables to somatization tendency, the highest was perceived stress, and the next in order were passive coping style, self-perception, and gender, whereas direct effect of active coping style was not significant. 2) The two-way and three-way interaction effects of perceived stress X vulnerability variables were not significant. 3) The two-way and three-way interaction effects of gender X psychosocial variables were not significant. To conclude, perceived stress and vulnerability variables independently contribute to somatization tendency in university entrants, and furthermore it is suggested that vulnerability variables as well as perceived stress must be considered to account for somatization tendency.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.1-19
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effects of smartphone addiction tendency on the relationship between depression of mothers with 3 to 5 year-old children and rejecting-neglecting parenting style. Methods: Three hundred and twenty-eight mothers answered questionnaires on three research variables. To analyze the data, Pearson correlation analyses and regression analyses were conducted. Results: First, mothers' depression, smartphone addiction tendency and rejecting-neglecting parenting style showed positive correlations, respectively. Specifically, mothers with a high level of depression were more addicted to smartphones and exhibited more rejecting-neglecting style of parenting. Also, mothers who were more obsessed with smartphones showed more rejecting-neglecting parenting style. Second, this study found partial mediating effects of smartphone addiction tendency on the relationship between depression and rejecting-neglecting parenting style. Conclusion/Implications: This study confirmed that mothers' depression and smartphone overuse had an influence on their negative parenting behaviors. The results of this study address the need of various interventions for mothers to decrease their depression and smartphone overuse.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.31-56
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• 2009

As the competition intensifies and the market matures, marketers are more and more concerned with the relationship marketing. Many of the previous researches have pointed out that not all of the consumers are relationship-oriented. But none of the previous research has systematically investigated this issue. This research investigated the relationship among the three concepts: consumers' intrinsic characteristics, perceived importance of relational benefits, and relationship building intention with the salesperson. In this research the perceived importance of relational benefits is treated as mediating variable in the relationship between consumers' intrinsic characteristics and relationship building intention with the salesperson. The conceptual model in this study can be depicted as follows. From the consumers' perspective relational benefits can be defined as "the additional benefits consumers can receive in addition to core services through the long-term relationship with the service provider." And in this study two kinds of relational benefits are adopted by reviewing the previous research: confidence benefits and social benefits. Relational benefit received from the salesperson is very important to predict consumers' relationship building intention with the salesperson. The more relational benefits consumer wants from the salesperson, the more relationship building intention he/she has. From this point two hypotheses are derived as follows. Hypothesis 1: As the perceived importance of confidence benefit from the salesperson increases, the relationship building intention with the salesperson increases. Hypothesis 2: As the perceived importance of social benefit from the salesperson increases, the relationship building intention with the salesperson increases. In this study four individual characteristics(risk taking tendency, variety-seeking tendency, product knowledge, trust orientation) are hypothesized to influence the perceived importance of confidence benefits from the salesperson. And three individual characteristics(interpersonal orientation, price consciousness, trust orientation) are hypothesized to influence the perceived importance of social benefits from the salesperson. These 7 hypotheses are as follows. Hypothesis 3: As the risk taking tendency increases, the perceived importance of confidence benefits from the salesperson decreases. Hypothesis 4: As the variety-seeking tendency increases, the perceived importance of confidence benefits from the salesperson decreases. Hypothesis 5: As the product knowledge increases, the perceived importance of confidence benefits from the salesperson decreases. Hypothesis 6: As the trust orientation increases, the perceived importance of confidence benefits from the salesperson increases. Hypothesis 7: As the interpersonal orientation increases, the perceived importance of social benefits from the salesperson increases. Hypothesis 8: As the price consciousness increases, the perceived importance of social benefits from the salesperson decreases. Hypothesis 9: As the trust orientation increases, the perceived importance of social benefits from the salesperson increases. The whole model in this study can be depicted as follows: Data were collected from the 396 consumers who actually trade stocks through the salesperson and were analyzed using structural equation model. The analysis results show that consumers' perceived importance of relational benefits(confidence benefit and social benefit) play the roles of mediating variables in the causal relationship between consumers' inherent characteristics and their relationship building intention with the salesperson. As for the individual characteristics, the influences of variety-seeking tendency, trust orientation, and price consciousness are statistically significant. It was found that variety-seeking tendency has a significant negative effect on the perceived importance of confidence benefit, and that trust orientation has a significant positive effect on the perceived importance of both of confidence and social benefit. Finally it was also found that, on the contrary to the influence direction suggested in the hypothesis, price consciousness has a significant positive effect on the perceived importance of social benefit.