• Journal of Korea Trade
• /
• 제24권7호
• /
• pp.54-72
• /
• 2020

Purpose - This study explores the contextual factors that affect the relationship between CEO overseas experience and firm internationalization. This study incorporates a wide range of contextual factors, including mega, macro, and micro variables. In particular, this study goes a step further from prior studies by incorporating a higher-order variable i.e., the global financial crisis that can constrain the managerial discretion of a CEO. Design/methodology - To structure the balanced data set before and after the 2008 global financial crisis, we used the data for the years from 2002 to 2014 from a sample of Korean manufacturing firms. Ultimately, 1101 firm-year unbalanced panel observations from 101 firms were used for the analysis. Findings - Our main findings can be summarized as follows. CEO overseas experience is positively related to firm internationalization. However, this relationship varies depending on the CEOs level of managerial discretion. As for the constraining moderation, the global financial crisis weakened the positive relationship between CEO overseas experience and firm internationalization. As for the enabling moderation, the CEOs tenure strengthened the relationship. Originality/value - This study adopted the knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSA) framework to explain the relationship between CEO overseas experience and firm internationalization. Moreover, we argue that the CEO-internationalization relationship depends on the specific context of the managerial discretion, focusing on the 2008 global financial crisis. Empirically, this study adopted the 2SLS procedure to correct endogeneity. Instead of taking the actual value of prior internationalization as a control, we estimated prior internationalization using the instrument variables at an industry level. This procedure made our estimation more robust.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.19-36
• /
• 2021

Real-time two-way communication has become an important factor in the relationship between consumers and broadcasters in the Live Commerce environment. To clarify, the relationship of the factors, and the effect of Live Commerce's on consumer purchase intention were examined. In addition, the role of Wanghong, who broadcasts Live Commerce and Co-experience that occurs between consumer and broadcasters influences consumer purchase intention. An online survey method was conducted for 403 subjects in their 20s that were Live Commerce users in Shanghai, Beijing, and Guangzhou, China. The number of final the data used for the analysis was 274 and anlaysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0 program and a Sobel test was employed. Based on the analysis of the data, it was found that Live Commerce's characteristics consisted of interactivity, security, and Wanghong's characteristics consisted of honesty, originality, and expertise. Also, it revealed that Co-experience was consisted of responsiveness and vividness. Second, for Live Commerce's characteristics, the Wanghong's characteristics, and Co-experience had a positive effect on the consumers' purchase intention. Third, the Wanghong's characteristics and vividness, a factor of Co-experience, had significant mediating effects on the relationship between Live Commerce's characteristics and the consumers' purchase intention. Finally, responsiveness of Co-experience had a noteworthy mediating effect on the relationship between the interactivity of Live Commerce's characteristics and the consumers' purchase intention. This study confirmed the important role of Live Commerce's characteristics, the Wanghong's characteristics and Co-experience in relation to the consumers' purchase intention. In addition, the Wanghong's characteristics and Co-experience were proposed as a significant mediating factors.

• Journal of Korea Trade
• /
• 제26권6호
• /
• pp.118-135
• /
• 2022

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships among Chinese state-owned enterprises (SOEs), previous M&A experience, and the probability of deal completion in cross-border mergers and acquisitions (CBMAs). Since Chinese SOEs tend to be recognized by host countries as agents of their home country government, this study argues that SOEs will face difficulties in completing CBMA deals. However, the study expects that these difficulties may vary depending on whether the firm has previous M&A experience because firms can gain the knowledge and capabilities necessary to implement subsequent M&As successfully from past M&A experience. Design/methodology - To investigate our argument, we conduct a logistic regression using a sample of 363 CBMA deals from 304 Chinese publicly listed firms during 2007 to 2017. We used SOEs as an independent variable, experience of domestic and foreign M&As as moderating variables, respectively, and CBMA deal completion as the dependent variable. Findings - The study shows a negative and significant relationship between Chinese SOEs and the completion likelihood of CBMA deals. We find that this negative relationship is strengthened when the firm had prior domestic M&A experience, whereas foreign M&A experience alleviated the negative relationship. Originality/value - The issue of government ownership has remained unclear since government intervention has both advantages and disadvantages in pursuing CBMAs. Our findings support literature that argues Chinese SOEs face legitimacy concerns in the host countries, thereby lowering their CBMA deal completion likelihood. Furthermore, the study enriches the literature by identifying different moderating effects of domestic and foreign M&A experience on the negative relationship between SOEs and CBMA deal completion.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.157-173
• /
• 1992

The purposes of study were to investigate the prenatal psychological adaptation and the perception of birth experience, and to identify the relationship between them. The subjects consisted of 162 women who visited the obstetrical outpatient clinic for prenatal examinations and who delivered the in babies at SNUH during the period from June 20 to August 10, 1990. The tools used for measurement were Lederman's Prenatal Self Evaluation Questionnaire and Marut & Mercer's scale of the Perception of Birth. The results are summarized as follows : 1. The orders and item means of psychosocial adaptation in pregnancy were the Acceptance of pregnancy(1.58). Identification of motherhood role(1.63). Relationship with husband(1.65) and Relationship with mother(1.67). The preparation for labor, concern for wellbeing of self and baby, and fear of pain, helplessness and loss of control were found to be less adaptive. 2. The level of the perception of the birth experience was mid-range(item mean : 3.22). The score of the perception of birth experience for primiparas was higher than for multiparas. However there was not a significant difference the groups. There were significant differences in the perception of the birth experience between certain general characteristics, namely, sex of the baby(p＜0.05), type of delivery(p＜0.005), and type of anesthesia(p＜0.005). 3. There were significant differences in the perception of the birth experience between the groups below the mean and above the mean of concerti for wellbeing of self and baby, Fear of pain, Helplessness and loss of control, Relationship with husband and Identification of motherhood role (p＜0.05). The perception of the birth experience was predicted by Fear of pain, Helplessness and loss of control (11%), Type of Delivery(6%), Concern for wellbeing of self and baby(3%), Preparation for labor(1%), sex of baby(1%), Relationship with mother(1%), Parity(1%) and Identification of motherhood role(1%). The Childbirth education should be revised to improve the psychosocial adaptation in pregnancy.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.33-49
• /
• 2010

We empirically examine the impact of online auction knowledge and category-specific knowledge on the final price of online auctions. Specifically, we question how the relationship between buying and selling experiences affects the final prices of online auctions. Related to the trust between buyers and sellers, we examine the multiple interactions between a buyer-seller pairand aim to identify how these repeated transactions influence the final price. To contrast these effects with other product related factors, we focus on so called 'common value' auctions of vintage stamps on eBay, in which the ex-post value of the product is the same among participating agents’ perceived value. Online auction of stamps provides a representative setting to examine the relationship between market experience and the auction participation behavior in the common value auction, as it provides the book value of stamp as well as price variation across individual buyers with different expertise levels. Our analysis of over 3000 stamps auctions on eBay indicates a significantly high frequency of buyer-seller (pair) interactions, thus suggesting a 'relationship view' of auctions. The work validates five hypotheses derived from the existing theory in economics, marketing, and information systems. Through the common-value auction data, we find that seller's online auction experience and category-specific experience favor sellers by increasing the final price. However, buyer's online auction experience does not affect the final price, but buyer's category-specific experience favors buyers by decreasing the final price. We find that the trust between two trading parties increases the final price.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제13권12호
• /
• pp.105-115
• /
• 2015

본 연구에서는 관광 SNS를 이용하여 관광활동을 하는 관광객의 사회적 지원과 자기표현이 관광경험 그리고 관광 SNS 이용의도에 미치는 영향을 분석함과 동시에 관광객의 사회적 지원 및 자기표현과 관광경험간의 영향관계에서 관광 SNS에 대한 관광객의 이용목적 수준의 조절효과를 파악하였다. 연구결과로서 사회적 지원과 자기표현은 관광경험에 긍정적인 영향을 주며, 관광경험은 관광 SNS 이용의도에 각각 긍정적 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 관광 SNS 이용목적은 자기표현과 관광경험간의 관계에서 조절효과가 있는 반면, 사회적 지원과 관광경험간의 관계에서는 조절효과가 유의미하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 시사점으로서 관광객의 SNS 이용의도를 증진시키기 위해서는 이 분야에 대한 보다 적극적인 연구 및 마케팅이 요구됨을 시사하고 있다.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제17권11호
• /
• pp.117-126
• /
• 2019

본 연구는 휴대폰 오프라인 매장에 초점을 맞추어 고객이 매장을 방문하여 제품을 실제로 체험하기 이전의 고객참여 수준 및 브랜드와 맺은 관계몰입이 매장에서의 체험에 어떠한 영향을 줄 수 있는지를 분석하였다. 애플, 화웨이, 샤오미, 삼성 등 휴대폰 오프라인 매장을 체험한 259명 중국 소비자들을 대상으로 데이터를 수집하였다. 연구결과로는 첫째, 고객참여가 브랜드에 대한 규범적 몰입, 감정적 몰입, 지속적 몰입에 모두 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 이러한 관계몰입은 매장에서의 오락적 체험, 교육적 체험, 현실도피 체험, 미적 체험에 부분적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 브랜드 팬쉽 수준이 높은 고객일수록 관계몰입이 미적 및 일탈적 체험에 미치는 영향이 더욱 증가하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 고객의 브랜드 체험과 관련하여 고객의 참여와 관계몰입이 미치는 영향을 이해하는데 도움을 주고 체험 마케팅에 시사점을 제공할 것으로 기대한다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.151-168
• /
• 2007

It is necessary to understand netizen's emotional experiences in avatar consumption. We studied the emotional experience through ethnographic interviews with six informants. In this study, we used the descriptive questions, structural questions, and comparative questions. Netizen's self-enhancing emotional experience were divided into two emotional experiences: emotional experiences in one's world and emotional experiences in relationship with others. First, emotional experience in one's world included self-satisfaction, releasing stress, catharsis, immersion, desire of change, and sense of achievement. Second, emotional experiences in relationship with others were divided into self-enhancing emotional experiences and self-humbling emotional experience. Self-enhancing emotional experiences included the relative satisfaction, the desire of showing off/distinction, and the desire of conformity. Self-humbling emotional experience included the feeling of inferiority.

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제21권10호
• /
• pp.109-121
• /
• 2023

Purpose: This study aims to verify whether avatars that embody different brand concepts offer different experiences to users. Furthermore, this study explores the relationship between user identification with avatars and their actual brand purchase intentions. Research design, data and methodology: The research design employed a between-subjects approach, with two independent variables: brand concept and avatar. The measured dependent variables were brand experience in extended reality (XR) and purchase intention. Additionally, brand attitude served as a control variable. Results: First, in virtual brand spaces with symbolic benefits, ideal avatars were found to elicit higher levels of brand experience than actual avatars. Specifically, participants reported elevated levels of entertainment and relational assembly experiences in symbolic brand spaces. Second, this research reveals that the relationship between users' identification with avatars and their intention to make actual brand purchases is mediated by brand experience in XR. Conclusions: The findings suggest that ideal avatars evoke higher levels of brand experience within symbolic brand spaces, particularly in entertainment, relational connection, and a sense of community. Furthermore, this study establishes the role of brand experience in XR as a mediator between avatar identification and purchase intentions.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.19-39
• /
• 2023

Purpose This study aims to identify user experience factors that can enhance both metaverse utilization and satisfaction based on the honeycomb model. For this we presented two research questions: first, what are the experience factors of metaverse users? Second, do metaverse user experience factors impact satisfaction? Design/methodology/approach To address these questions, a mixed-methodology approach is employed, including text mining techniques to analyze online reviews and quantitative econometric analysis to reveal the relationship between user experience factors and satisfaction. A total of 69,880 reviews and ratings data were collected. Findings The analysis revealed eight metaverse user experience factors: entertainment, operability, virtual reality, immersion, economic activity, visual performance, avatar, and sociality, all of which were found to have a positive impact on user satisfaction.