• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.35-52
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• 2023

Objective: Internal injuries and consumptive disease have different causes, yet they can affect each other. The relationship and combination of prescription drugs in the clinical practice of internal injuries and consumptive disease were analyzed for various diseases of "Donguibogam" through network analysis. Methods: The prescriptions used in consumptive disease and internal injury were established by conducting a full survey on the papers extracted from Donguibogam. The R version 4.0.3 (2020-10-10) and the igraph and arules package were used to perform network analysis and association rule relationship mining analysis in the first and second prescription compositions. Results: The herb frequently used for internal injury was Glycyrrhizae Radix, while the herb combination frequently used was Citri Pericarpium-Glycyrrhizae Radix. For centrality, the main factor was generally Glycyrrhizae Radix. In the case of consumptive disease, the herb most frequently used was Angelicae Gigantis Radix, and the combination most frequently used was Rehmanniae Radix Preparata-Angelicae Gigantis Radix. In terms of centrality, it was Angelicae Gigantis Radix. As a result of the network analysis of herbal prescription frequency, each group was divided into three. Conclusion: The interrelationship between internal injury and consumptive disease prescription drugs may reveal the differences and similarities between internal injury and consumptive disease and may serve as a basis for the development of new drugs or materials that can enhance mutual effectiveness in the treatment of internal injury and consumptive diseases.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.33-41
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• 2010

Background & Objective : This study was performed to find a new anti-aging, anti-wrinkle agent. Ten kinds of hers were evaluated by proliferation, cytotoxicity, collagen synthesis tests in cultured human dermal fibroblast. Methods : MTT assay was carried out to check cell proliferation, cytotoxic effect of each herbal medicine. Collagen synthesis was investigated by the amount of propeptide using procollagen type-Ⅰ C peptide(PIP) ELISA kit(Takara). Results and Conclusions : There are no cytotoxicity in all group herbs by MTT assay. Collagen synthetic ability was greatest in LYCII FRUCTUS(LF) and was excellent in order of Rehmanniae Radix Preparat(RRP) > Nelumbinis Semen(NS) > Asparai Radix(AR) > Schizandrae Frucus(SF).

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.273.1-273.1
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• 2003

The CML -Ex is a traditional oriental medicine. The main constituents of CML-Ex are Rehmanniae Radix, Achyranthis Radix and Eucommiae Cortex. The objective of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of CML -Ex under various acute and chronic inflammatory and analgesic models. The drug was orally administered at 30, 100, 300 and 600 mg/kg body weight. (omitted)

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.1341-1345
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• 2007

There are four kinds of formulas for purging the liver to cure its sthenic syndrome based on the types of preparation formulas : Sagan-tang, Saganhwan, Saseem-san and Saganeum. Another formula called Sacheonghwan, Sacheong-tang and Sacheong-san is to purge the green colour of liver. There are 38 kinds of Sagan-tang, 2 kinds of Saganhwan, 29 kinds of Sagan-san, 5 kinds of Saganeum, 4 kinds of Sacheonghwan, 3 kinds of Sacheong-tang and 1 kind of Sacheong-san. Combination of herbal medicines, carried out in formulas for purging the liver, consists of various kinds depending on medical scientists' personal experience in medical treatment without any general principles, which makes it difficult to apply it to clinical use. The objectives of this study lie in theoretical establishment of Sagan-tang for curing the sthenic syndrome of liver through analyzing the component medicines and combination principles of Hyeongok's Sagan-tang, and furthermore, maximizing the clinical use of Sagan-tang. This study analyzed the component medicines and combination principles of Hyeongok's Sagan-tang based on the theory for properties and tastes of herbal medicines from the ${\ulcorner}$Yellow Emperor's Canon of Internal Medicine${\lrcorner}$, the theory for principal herbal medicine, assistant herbal medicine, adjuvant herbal medicine, dispatcher herbal medicine, and the five elements doctrine. Hyeongok's Sagan-tang is an odd prescription, composed of 7 kinds of ingredients : No.1 Radix Paeoniae (2don;7.5 g), No.2 Fructus Chaenomelis (1don;3.75 g), No.3 Radix Rehmanniae (1don), No.4 Folium Phyllostachydis Henonis (1don), No.5 Radix Bupleuri (1don), No.6 Radix Scutellariae (1don), and No.7 Radix Glycyrrhizae (1don). There are three methods for curing the sthenic syndrome of liver according to the five elements doctrine : purging the liver, purging the heart and invigorating the lung. In the case of taste purgation, two herbal medicines with sour taste, Radix Paeoniae and Fructus Chaenomelis, are combined into the principal and assistant herbal medicine, respectively. For property purgation, two herbal medicines with the cool property, Radix Bupleuri and Radix Scutellariae, are combined into adjuvant herbal medicines. Both sweet and cold herbal medicines, Radix Rehmanniae and Folium Phyllostachydis Henonis, are combined into adjuvant herbal medicines. Sour herbal medicines, Radix Paeoniae and Fructus Chaenomelis, were combined to invigorate the lung. Cool herbal medicines, Radix Bupleuri and Radix Scutellariae, were combined to invigorate the lung and to purge the liver. In addition, Radix Glycyrrhizae are combined as dispatcher herbal medicine, harmonizing all the herbal medicines composing the formula. First, to cure the sthenic syndrome of the liver, the methods of purging the liver and the heart, and invigorating the lung should be used according to the five elements doctrine. Secondly, herbal medicines appropriate for those treatment methods should be chosen according to the theory for properties and tastes of herbal medicine and thirdly, the combination of those herbal medicines should be carried out according to the theory for principal herbal medicine, assistant herbal medicine, adjuvant herbal medicine, dispatcher herbal medicine. As a good example, Hyeongok's Sagan-tang is combined according to the above theories.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.111-124
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• 2016

Objectives : Treatment method using drugs has already been used in Korean medicine for a long time. Moreover, database has been developed and utilized for more efficient management of the treatments that use drugs. Most of such database related to knowledge on drugs is composed of origin, efficacy, temperament, ingredients and examples of application of the standardized drugs. Communication with knowledge information in other specialized areas is also accomplished by using the efficacies and ingredients with the drugs. In this study, we aimed to make data structure of the terminologies that represent the manufacturing process of herbs. However, in spite of the fact that the manufacturing process of the drugs imparts effect on their efficacies and ingredients, details of the manufacturing processes are quite limited to simple text sentences, thereby resulting in substantially lower level of utilization and difficulties in systematic researches on various factors included in the manufacturing processes in comparison to other knowledge on drugs. Methods : This Study extracted the factors necessary in the development of database by executing morphological analysis of the manufacturing process of herbs. Results : The factors are 'Order', 'Act', 'Raw material', 'Tools', 'Supporting materials', 'Intensity', 'Duration Time', 'Interval', 'Focus', 'Repetition Number', 'Untill'. We were able to tell the difference of the manufacturing process with a simple structured query language and the factors. Conclusions : Morphological analysis of medicinal herbs manufacturing Process contributes to standardization with information of the manufacturing process. And it helps to creates a quality management system through the Database.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1-14
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• 2010

The conclusions after studying the rules and the principles of the six-drugs mixing forming the prescription of Yukmijihwanghuan(六味地黃丸) are as follows: 1. Yukmijihwanghuan cares for the three viscera; the liver, the spleen and the kidney and the three entrails; the urinary bladder, the gall bladder, and the stomach and it strengthens them as well. The drug can be used mainly for the cure of the Three Yang Channels of Foot and the Three Yin Channels of Foot. 2. The three drugs of Yukmijihwanghuan; Rehmanniae Radix, Dioscoreae Rhizoma, Corni Fructus altogether has the tonifying effect and the other three; Alismatis Rhizoma, Moutan Cortex, Poria has the purging effect. The first three kinds of drugs tonifies and the last three kinds of drugs purges. While these two groups of drugs are pitted against each other, they also balance each other harmoniously increasing the curative effect(remedial[curative] value). 3. Yukmijihwanghuan cools off the lung which is under metal category, helps the spleen, an earth category to be strong. It also adds the Water Qi to the kidney so that it stabilizes the Fire Qi. 4. Yukmijihwanghuan helps the kidney strongly, helps the urine to be excreted well, cools down the Fire Qi and makes dry things wet. 5. Rehmanniae Radix, the principal drug of Yukmijihwanghuan and Corni Fructus, the minister drug of the medicine have a taste of thick and are materially heavy. The two drugs do the descending action that it tonifies Yin Qi and adds Essence of Life. The other ingredients of Yukmijihwanghuan; Moutan Cortex, Poria, Alismatis Rhizoma have effects on lowering the Fire Qi. If Fire Qi descends, then Water Qi ascends. Yukmijihwanghuan has an efficacy of lowering Fire Qi and increasing Water Qi.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.32-47
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• 2019

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate clinical studies on the effectiveness of Traditional Chinese Medicine treatment on growing pains in China, and to seek better methods to treat and study for growing pains in South Korea. Methods The clinical studies from the China Academic Journal (CAJ) in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) that were published up to January 2019 were reviewed. The key word used were '生長痛', '發育期痛', '治療', '中?治療', '中藥'. Then, the literature were analyzed in regards to the treatment methods and results. Results Among the 35 searched studies, 1 randomized controlled trials, 16 case series, and 3 case reports were selected and analyzed. In most of the studies, the effectiveness of Traditional Chinese Medicine treatment on growing pains was significantly positive. The most commonly used herbs for oral administration were Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (甘草), Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix (牛膝), Paeoniae Radix Alba (白芍藥), Dioscoreae Rhizoma (山藥), Angelicae Gigantis Radix (當歸), Astragali Radix (黃?), Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba (白朮), Poria Sclerotium (茯?) Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (熟地黃), Lycopodii Herba (伸筋草). Other treatment methods such as, external application of herb medicine, massage, acupuncture were also used to treat growing pains. Conclusion Based on the results of the clinical studies from China, the use of chinese medicine for treatment of growing pains has been shown to be effective. Additional clinical studies are needed to confirm these findings.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.110-119
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• 1998

Sa-Mul-Tang(SMT) consist of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Cnidii Rhizoma and Angelicae Gigantis Radix. In L1210 cells-transplanted BALB/c mice, T-lymphocyte apoptosis, $CD8^+T_C$ cells population in thymocyte and nitric oxide production in macrophage were enhanced, but phagocytic activity was decreased. SMT suppressed T-lymphocyte apoptosis and enhanced CD^4+T_H$ cells population, but did not affect nitric oxide production and phagocytic activity in L1210 cells-transplanted mice. In antitumor drugs-injected mice, T-lymphocyte apoptosis was enhanced, but $CD4^+T_H/CD8^+T_C$, cells population and T-lymphocyte proliferation were decreased. SMT suppressed T-lymphocyte apoptosis, and enhanced $CD8^+T_C$ cells population, T-lymphocyte proliferation and phagocytic activity in vincristine-injected mice. These results suggest that SMT enhances T cell-mediated immunity in L1210 cell-transplanted mice, and enhances T cell-mediated immunity and phagocytic activity in vincristine-injected mice.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.52-58
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• 1996

Solvent fractions were prepared from traditional herbal drugs which of methanol extracts inhibited $CCl_4$-induced cytotoxicity in primary cultured rat hepatocytes and c ontinuously assayed their effects. Ethylacetate and n-buthanol fractions from Cibotii Rhizoma and chloroform fraction from Gelatina Nigra inhibited the release of LDH and GPT from $CCl_4$-treated hepatocytes, respectively. Water fraction (WAR) among solvent fractions from Astragali Radix showed the most potent inhibitory effect on the release of GOT or GPT by treatment with $CCl_4$. All of solvent fractions prepared from Eucommiae Cortex had no effect on $CCl_4$-induced cytotoxicity. Chloroform and ethylacetate fractions from Rehmanniae Radix Preparata increased the release of GPT from $CCl_4$-treated hepatocytes. n-Hexan, chloroform or ethylacetate fraction from 5 herbal drugs increased the release of LDH, GOT or GPT from normal hepatocytes at the dose of 1.Omg/ml. Administration of WAR suppressed the elevation of GOT, ALP activities and MDA contents in the serum as well as in the liver tissue of $CCl_4$-intoxicated rats. Based on these results, isolation of antihepatotoxic substances from WAR is under the process.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2017

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate commonly-used-pattern-identifications and to understand herbal medicine treatment for psoriasis based on recent clinical studies. Methods Keyword 'psoriasis' was used to search articles in National Digital Science Library (NDSL), Korean Traditional Knowledge Portal (KTKP), Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System (OASIS) and Research Information Sharing Service (RISS). 19 relevant articles were reported between 2006 - 2016, and were obtained and reviewed. Results Among the 19 articles, the most commonly-used-pattern-identifications were 'blood heat pattern'. 'Gunsun-bang', 'Bangpungtongsungsan-gami'. Also, based on the search results, 'Yangdokbaekho-tang' were more frequently prescribed than other herbal medicines, and ingredients such as, Glycyrrhizae Radix (甘草), Saposhnikoviae Radix (防風) and Rehmanniae Radix (生地黃) were used repeatedly in those prescriptions. Conclusions This study showed what pattern identifications there are, and what herbal medicines are often used in clinical treatments. Developing new form of herbal medicines are also going to be possible with further research.