• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.104-108
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• 2015

Al thin films were deposited on TiN/Si(100) via metal-organic chemical vapor deposition using N-methylpyrrolidine alane as a precursor. Characterization of the deposited films were investigated with SEM, XRD, ${\alpha}$-step, AFM, 4-point probe. The early stage of Al thin film deposition was analyzed by in-situ surface reflectance measurement with laser and photometer apparatus. The surface reflectance were changed greatly during the initial 30~40 seconds. There were two increases and two decreases in the surface reflectance, thus the sequence of Al films were deposited at 8 significant points of the surface reflectance change. Surface topograph and cross-sectional view of each film were analyzed with SEM. Al films were grown in the complex mechanism of Volmer-Weber and Stranski-Krastanov process.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1992 no.05
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• pp.144-147
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• 1992

In this paper, we study about reflectance photometer for measuring teflectance changes on reagent strip material after applying of a liguid sample. To obtain more accurate reflectance parameter, the strip loader and cassette is designed. The system is designed to work with IBM personal computer. As the experimental results, reflectance level measured of korean standard color paper and shows a exponentially proportion to brightness of paper. A diagnostic strip for total protein is applied to our system and shows a good correlation in a physically protein concentration range.(up to 500 mg/dl).

• Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.45-49
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• 2003

Achievements in the real-time soil spectro-photometer are: an improved soil penetrator to ensure a uniform soil surface under high speed conditions, real-time collecting of underground soil reflectance, getting underground soil color images, use of a RTK-GPS, and all units are arranged for compactness. With the soil spectrophotometer, field experiments were conducted in a 0.5 ha paddy field. With the original reflectance, averaging and multiple scatter correction, Kubelka-Munk (KM) transformation as soil absorption, its 1st and 2nd derivatives were calculated. When the spectra was highly correlated with the soil parameters, stepwise regression analysis was conducted. Results include the best prediction models for moisture, soil organic matter (SOM), nitrate nitrogen ($NO_3-N$), pH and electric conductivity (EC), and soil maps obtained by block kriging analysis.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.139-148
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• 1995

In this paper we report the device of a multi-channel clinical instrument developed for determi¬nation of the levels of the urinary urobilinogen, glucose, ketone, bilirubin, protein, ascorbic acid, nitrite, pH, occult-blood, specific gravity, and leukocytes semiquantitatively. The test parameters are expressed on the dry test strips as a range of color intensities by chemical reactions. The instrument measures the value of each substance by reading the reflectance light emanated from the test strips. We also designed the reagent strip cassette and loader in order to intercept the outside interference. The loader can be operated semi-automatically. The light source is consisted on light emitting diodes at three specific wavelengths (560 nm, 610 nm, 650 nm). Precision of the system was evaluated by testing a series of commercial control urine samples. Furthermore, the performance of the instrument was compared with two other test methods on the urine samples from 100 persons. Our results showed a good repeatability between tests and a satisfactory agreement between the readings by our instrument and visual evaluation.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 1986

For quantitative measurement of reflected light from a clinical diagnostic strip, a prototype old reflectance photometer was designed. The strip loader and cassette were made to obtain more accurate reflectance parameters. The strip was illuminated at 45˚c through optical fiber and the intensity of reflected light was determined at rectanguLat angle using a photodiode. The kubelka-munk coefficient and reflection optical density were determined ar four different wavelengths(500, 550, 570 and 610nm) for blood glucose strip. For higher concentration than 300mg/41 about glucose, a saturation state of abforbance was observed at 500, 550 and 570nm. The correlation between glucose concentration and parameters was the best at 610nm.

• Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 2003

Achievements in the real-time soil spectro-photometer are: an improved soil penetrator to ensure a uniform soil surface under high speed conditions, real-time collecting of underground soil reflectance, getting underground soil color images, use of a RTK-GPS, and all units are arranged for compactness. With the soil spectrophotometer, field experiments were conducted in a 0.5 ha paddy field. With the original reflectance, averaging and multiple scatter correction, Kubelka-Munk (KM) transformation as soil absorption, its 1st and 2nd derivatives were calculated. When the spectra was highly correlated with the soil parameters, stepwise regression analysis was conducted. Results include the best prediction models for moisture, soil organic matter (SOM), nitrate nitrogen (NO$_3$-N), pH and electric conductivity (EC), and soil maps obtained by block kriging analysis.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.299-306
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• 1992

For quantitative measurement of reflected light from a clinical diagnostic scrip, a prototype of reflectance photometer was designed. The strip loader and cassette were made to obtain more accurate re(leclance parameters. The strop was illuminated at $45^{\circ}C$ through optical fiber and the intensity of reflected light was determined at rectangulat angle using a photodiode. The kubelka-munk coefficient and reflection optical density were determined ar four different wavelengths(500,550,570 and 610nm) for blood glucose strip. For higher concentration than 300mg/dl about glucose, a saturation state of absorbance was observed at 500,550 and 570nm. The correlation between glucose concentration and parameters was the best at 610nm.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.141-148
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• 2012

This study investigated the structural coloration and fabric hand of the caustic reduced fabrics for emotional garment using structural color yarns, which was spun by 37 alternating nylon and polyester layers capable of producing basic colors using biomimetic technology. The colorations of the three kinds of structural color yarns were confirmed using multi angle spectro-photometer, and their triangular cross sections composed with 37 alternating nylon and polyester layers were measured using SEM and were discussed with layer length in relation with coloration and spinning conditions were also set up. The apparent color difference and reflectance of the three kinds of fabrics with different density and weave pattern were analysed as ranging from 400nm to 700nm. The optimum fabric structural design which is made by warp and weft densities(194ends/in ${\times}$ 105picks/in) and caustic reduction condition by $100^{\circ}C$ temperature and 60minutes with NaOH, 20g/l solution were decided through analysis of the mechanical properties and fabric hands of these three kinds of fabrics treated with 3 kinds of the caustic reduction conditions. And it was shown that the rate of caustic reduction was increased from 13% to 23% with increasing temperature and time of caustic reduction. The extensibility, bending rigidity and shear modulus of caustic reduction treated fabrics were decreased by treatment of caustic reduction, on the other hand fabric compressibility was increased. And it was shown that the hand value of specimen number one which was treated with temperature $100^{\circ}C$ and time 60minute was the best and the hand of this fabric was better than that of Morpho $fabric^{(R)}$ made by Teijin co. Japan.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.109-113
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• 2013

ZnO thin films were synthesized on Si substrates by MOCVD using diethyl zinc as a precursor. Effects of $O_2$/DEZ gas mixing ratio on the growth rate, surface morphology, preferred orientation, and electrical properties of the ZnO thin films were investigated with SEM, XRD, and Hall measurement. The surface reflectance variations of ZnO thin films were analyzed using laser-photometer apparatus. As the $O_2$/DEZ mixing ratio increased, growth rate and $I_{(002)}/I_{(101)}$ in XRD of ZnO thin films decreased, and the crystal structure was changed from columnar to planar structure. All ZnO films deposited at various CVD conditions exhibited c-axis (002) plane preferred orientation. The electrical properties of ZnO thin films mainly depended on the carrier mobility.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.250-257
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• 2000

Paint, fiber and dye which play a critcal role in proving the relationship between a suspect and a victim or a crime scene, are one of the most frequently encountered trace evidences at a forensic laboratory, however, in usual, because of infinitesimally small sizes of forensic samples, investigation of the spectroscopic characteristics of such samples is becomming more and more prevalent in forensic science as a non-destructive method. In this study, transmittance/reflectance profiles at ultraviolet-visible region (240-780nm), were investigated by UV/visible microspectro- photometer and used to analyze the spectral characteristics of different types of 14 microfibers, 12 inks of four colors and 44 automotive paints of two colors. Good results for discrimination were given from spectra of these samples due to the characteristic bands in uv/vis region, respectively.