• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.759-770
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to examine the Earth science content relevance of the 7th national science curriculum. For this purpose, we (1) analyzed science curriculum or content standards of Korea, California, England and Japan, (2) compared science textbooks of Korea and Japan, (3) conducted a nationwide survey to gather opinions from students, teachers, professors and textbook authors about the relevance of the science curriculum and textbooks. According to the results, the Earth science contents of the 7th national science curriculum were not appropriate in terms of the objectives of science curriculum and the needs of students and society. The main reasons include the equal division among physics, chemistry, biology and earth science, iack of connection due to fractionation of units, overly strict application of spiral curriculum, and redundant amount of activities and concepts to cover in the textbook. Major suggestions fir securing the relevance of Earth science contents are as follows: First, the science contents and the size of units at each grade level should be determined according to the students' characteristics, not by equal portion rule. Second, the excessive overlapping and repetition of contents due to the spiral curriculum should be avoided. In addition, the number of activities should be reduced and the quality of required science activities should be improved. Third, to raise students' interest in Earth science, real-life applications and real-world Earth science contents should be emphasized including natural disasters, safety, universe and space exploration, and natural resources. Lastly, considering one of the relevance criteria is feasibility, supports for schools and science teachers are needed to realize the goal of the intended science curriculum.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.41-48
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• 2005

Objective of this study is to design and implement security system based on intrusion tolerance technology for the improvement of dependability in defense system. In order to do so, I identify and extract core technologies through the research and analysis into characteristics, structures, main functions, and technologies of intrusion tolerance architecture. And I accomplish a design of security system through the redundant system based on these core technologies. To implement and verify intrusion tolerance system, I chose 'wargame system' as a subjected system, and accomplished 'Wargame Intrusion Tolerance System' and verified security required functions through a performance test. By applying showed security system into the development of application software based on intrusion tolerance, systematic and efficient system could be developed. Also applying 'WITDS' can solve the current security problems, and this will be basic model for design of security architecture in the federation system after.

• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.167-178
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• 2004

The purpose of this treatise is to show merits and method of establishing Lotte department store design division Online Documents Communication System through illustration of examples of intranet in which internet environment convenient to use for its openness is applied for establishing Design Online Documents Communication System for fundamentals of organization. In this connection merits and effect attainable from establishing Design Outline Documents Communication System of the enterprise as found were as follows: Firstly, it brought about reduction in workload of staffs through sharing various existing resources. It reduced redundant works and enables speedy handling of works. Secondly, it was possible to exchange viewpoints and share information by pertinent parties. Thirdly, by expediting information exchange and communication among persons in charge it was possible to improve work efficiency. Fourthly, it was possible to build and operate such system at relatively low cost on the basis of web browser. Without using any other significant instrument or equipment but by linking it to business network and using existing computer system operation was possible. Fifthly, by common sharing of work exclusive to design room through on-line it was possible to improve professionalism and convenience in data preservation. Through this treatise and survey and study on process for establishing intranet it was possible to find that there were sharing work, improving work efficiency, reducing workload, saving cost and expediting communication to a significant degree.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.416-423
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• 2021

Drawing upon research in affect and social identity theory, this study examines when and how an individual's trait positive affect (TPA) exerts a significant effect on the person's organizational citizenship behavior directed toward individuals (OCBI). A moderated mediation model was tested by using the data of 293 employees nested in 66 work groups. Results demonstrate that the indirect effect of TPA on OCBI mediated by group identification (GI) is significantly positive only when perceived group positive affect (PGPA) is low, highlighting the substituting role of PGPA in the relationship between TPA and GI. The significant conditional indirect effects at the low level of PGPA suggest that TPA functions as significant, affective resources for enhancing GI and consequently increasing OCBI of the focal member when PGPA is low. By contrast, TPA's role in enhancing GI becomes redundant when PGPA is high. The current analysis reveals potential complementary functions of TPA and PGPA in explaining subsequent identity cognition and individual behavior.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.109-130
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• 2011

One of the major problems in the area of data mining is the size of the data, as most data set has huge volume these days. Streams of data are normally accumulated into data storages or databases. Transactions in internet, mobile devices and ubiquitous environment produce streams of data continuously. Some data set are just buried un-used inside huge data storage due to its huge size. Some data set is quickly lost as soon as it is created as it is not saved due to many reasons. How to use this large size data and to use data on stream efficiently are challenging questions in the study of data mining. Stream data is a data set that is accumulated to the data storage from a data source continuously. The size of this data set, in many cases, becomes increasingly large over time. To mine information from this massive data, it takes too many resources such as storage, money and time. These unique characteristics of the stream data make it difficult and expensive to store all the stream data sets accumulated over time. Otherwise, if one uses only recent or partial of data to mine information or pattern, there can be losses of valuable information, which can be useful. To avoid these problems, this study suggests a method efficiently accumulates information or patterns in the form of rule set over time. A rule set is mined from a data set in stream and this rule set is accumulated into a master rule set storage, which is also a model for real-time decision making. One of the main advantages of this method is that it takes much smaller storage space compared to the traditional method, which saves the whole data set. Another advantage of using this method is that the accumulated rule set is used as a prediction model. Prompt response to the request from users is possible anytime as the rule set is ready anytime to be used to make decisions. This makes real-time decision making possible, which is the greatest advantage of this method. Based on theories of ensemble approaches, combination of many different models can produce better prediction model in performance. The consolidated rule set actually covers all the data set while the traditional sampling approach only covers part of the whole data set. This study uses a stock market data that has a heterogeneous data set as the characteristic of data varies over time. The indexes in stock market data can fluctuate in different situations whenever there is an event influencing the stock market index. Therefore the variance of the values in each variable is large compared to that of the homogeneous data set. Prediction with heterogeneous data set is naturally much more difficult, compared to that of homogeneous data set as it is more difficult to predict in unpredictable situation. This study tests two general mining approaches and compare prediction performances of these two suggested methods with the method we suggest in this study. The first approach is inducing a rule set from the recent data set to predict new data set. The seocnd one is inducing a rule set from all the data which have been accumulated from the beginning every time one has to predict new data set. We found neither of these two is as good as the method of accumulated rule set in its performance. Furthermore, the study shows experiments with different prediction models. The first approach is building a prediction model only with more important rule sets and the second approach is the method using all the rule sets by assigning weights on the rules based on their performance. The second approach shows better performance compared to the first one. The experiments also show that the suggested method in this study can be an efficient approach for mining information and pattern with stream data. This method has a limitation of bounding its application to stock market data. More dynamic real-time steam data set is desirable for the application of this method. There is also another problem in this study. When the number of rules is increasing over time, it has to manage special rules such as redundant rules or conflicting rules efficiently.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Arts Education Studies
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.97-147
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• 2010

Under the recent trend of globalization, a new proposal on education has not been able to avoid the request for multi-cultural trend. Furthermore, education has been exposed to circumstances which are far different from the previous situations in which global cooperation and intercultural understanding have been more emphasized. 'Educational Nomadism'is a metaphor of creating new value and significance of education. In fact, transnational education which could be a crisis and opportunity at the same time has recently been the mainstream throughout the world. In terms of education, Korea has encountered base hollowing-out in which excessive dependence on the US education and autonomous education coexist. In fact, the world has spent a lot of time and money to have better educational background on a resume through redundant expense by the government and parents. Under this critical situation, it's urgent to change Korea's modern education into a creative educational system in connection with an advanced foreign educational system and further develop the advantage of Korea's education. A parent's investment in his/her child is a support to create new culture as well as an assistance for hope and better future of Korean education. A new direction of parents' education fever that has opened a door to global communitas can stir up infinite potential through which the flow of education fever can be changed to the resources of new civilization. The global cooperation and efforts for communitas means the communication with this world. Through this communication, the culture in which people are forced to zero-sum competition can leap into the education for change of civilization which creates pleasure of self sufficiency and donation.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.67-88
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• 2018

Until recently, as we recognize the significance of sustainable growth and competitiveness of small-and-medium sized enterprises (SMEs), governmental support for tangible resources such as R&D, manpower, funds, etc. has been mainly provided. However, it is also true that the inefficiency of support systems such as underestimated or redundant support has been raised because there exist conflicting policies in terms of appropriateness, effectiveness and efficiency of business support. From the perspective of the government or a company, we believe that due to limited resources of SMEs technology development and capacity enhancement through collaboration with external sources is the basis for creating competitive advantage for companies, and also emphasize value creation activities for it. This is why value chain network analysis is necessary in order to analyze inter-company deal relationships from a series of value chains and visualize results through establishing knowledge ecosystems at the corporate level. There exist Technology Opportunity Discovery (TOD) system that provides information on relevant products or technology status of companies with patents through retrievals over patent, product, or company name, CRETOP and KISLINE which both allow to view company (financial) information and credit information, but there exists no online system that provides a list of similar (competitive) companies based on the analysis of value chain network or information on potential clients or demanders that can have business deals in future. Therefore, we focus on the "Value Chain Network System (VCNS)", a support partner for planning the corporate business strategy developed and managed by KISTI, and investigate the types of embedded network-based analysis modules, databases (D/Bs) to support them, and how to utilize the system efficiently. Further we explore the function of network visualization in intelligent value chain analysis system which becomes the core information to understand industrial structure ystem and to develop a company's new product development. In order for a company to have the competitive superiority over other companies, it is necessary to identify who are the competitors with patents or products currently being produced, and searching for similar companies or competitors by each type of industry is the key to securing competitiveness in the commercialization of the target company. In addition, transaction information, which becomes business activity between companies, plays an important role in providing information regarding potential customers when both parties enter similar fields together. Identifying a competitor at the enterprise or industry level by using a network map based on such inter-company sales information can be implemented as a core module of value chain analysis. The Value Chain Network System (VCNS) combines the concepts of value chain and industrial structure analysis with corporate information simply collected to date, so that it can grasp not only the market competition situation of individual companies but also the value chain relationship of a specific industry. Especially, it can be useful as an information analysis tool at the corporate level such as identification of industry structure, identification of competitor trends, analysis of competitors, locating suppliers (sellers) and demanders (buyers), industry trends by item, finding promising items, finding new entrants, finding core companies and items by value chain, and recognizing the patents with corresponding companies, etc. In addition, based on the objectivity and reliability of the analysis results from transaction deals information and financial data, it is expected that value chain network system will be utilized for various purposes such as information support for business evaluation, R&D decision support and mid-term or short-term demand forecasting, in particular to more than 15,000 member companies in Korea, employees in R&D service sectors government-funded research institutes and public organizations. In order to strengthen business competitiveness of companies, technology, patent and market information have been provided so far mainly by government agencies and private research-and-development service companies. This service has been presented in frames of patent analysis (mainly for rating, quantitative analysis) or market analysis (for market prediction and demand forecasting based on market reports). However, there was a limitation to solving the lack of information, which is one of the difficulties that firms in Korea often face in the stage of commercialization. In particular, it is much more difficult to obtain information about competitors and potential candidates. In this study, the real-time value chain analysis and visualization service module based on the proposed network map and the data in hands is compared with the expected market share, estimated sales volume, contact information (which implies potential suppliers for raw material / parts, and potential demanders for complete products / modules). In future research, we intend to carry out the in-depth research for further investigating the indices of competitive factors through participation of research subjects and newly developing competitive indices for competitors or substitute items, and to additively promoting with data mining techniques and algorithms for improving the performance of VCNS.