• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 2009

PURPOSE. To determine the change in stability of single-stage, three different design of implant systems in humans utilizing resonance frequency analysis for early healing period(24 weeks), without loading. MATERIAL AND METHODS. Twenty-five patients were included into this study. A total of 45 implants, three different design of implant systems(group A,C,R) were placed in the posterior maxilla or mandible. The specific transducer for each implant system was used. ISQ(implant stability quotient) reading were obtained for each implant at the time of surgery, 3, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24 weeks postoperatively. Data were analyzed for different implant type, bone type, healing time, anatomical locations. RESULTS. For each implant system, a two-factor mixed-model ANOVA demonstrated that a significant effect on ISQ values(group A=0.0022, C=0.017, R=0.0018). For each implant system, in a two-factor mixed model ANOVA, and two-sample t-test, the main effect of jaw position(P > .005) on ISQ values were not significant. CONCLUSIONS. All the implant groups A, C and R, the change patterns of ISQ over time differed by bone type. Implant stability increased greatly between week 0 and week six and showed slow increase between week six and six months(plateau effect).

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.213-220
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• 2012

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the repeatability and reproducibility of two dental scanners. Methods: The master die and the stone replicas(Kavo, Germany) were digitized in touch-probe scanner(Incise, Renishaw, UK), white light scanner(Identica, Medit, Korea) to create 3-dimensional surface-models. The number of points in the point clouds from each reading were calculated and used as the CAD reference model(CRM). Discrepancies between the points in the 3-dimensional surface models and the corresponding CRM were measured by a matching-software(Power-Inspect R2, Delcam Plc, UK). The t-student test for one samples were used for statistical analysis. Results: The reproducibility of both scanner was within $3{\mu}m$, based on mean value. The mean value between measurements made directly on the touch probe scanner digital models and those made on the white light scanner digital models was $2.20-2.90{\mu}m$, and was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion: With respect to adequate data acquisition, the reproducibility of dental scanner differs. Three-dimensional analysis can be applied to differential quality analysis of the manufacturing process as well as to evaluation of different analysis methods.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.25.1-25.12
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• 2020

Objectives: This systematic review evaluated the influence of autoclave sterilization procedures on the cyclic fatigue resistance of heat-treated nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments. Materials and Methods: A systematic search without restrictions was conducted in the following electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, and Open Grey. The hand search was also performed in the main endodontic journals. The eligible studies were submitted to the methodological assessment and data extraction. Results: From 203 abstracts, a total of 10 articles matched the eligible criteria. After reading the full articles, 2 were excluded because of the absence of the heat-treated instruments in the experimental design and 3 due to the lack of a control group using heat-treated instruments without autoclave sterilization. From the 5 included studies, 1 presented a low risk of bias, 3 presented moderate and 1 high risk. It was observed heterogeneous findings in the included studies, with autoclave sterilization cycles increasing, decreasing or not affecting the cyclic fatigue life of heat-treated NiTi instruments. However, the retrieved studies evaluating the cyclic fatigue resistance of endodontic instruments presented different protocols and assessing outcomes, this variability makes the findings less comparable within and also between groups and preclude the establishment of an unbiased scientific evidence base. Conclusions: Considering the little scientific evidence and considerable risk of bias, it is still possible to conclude that autoclave sterilization procedures appear to influence the cyclic fatigue resistance of heat-treated NiTi instruments.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.187-191
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• 2004

Actin is a ubiquitous and highly conserved protein found in eukaryotic organisms. In this study, we describe the cDNA cloning and mRNA expression of an actin gene from the mulberry longicorn beetle, Apriona germari. The A. germari actin cDNA is 1524 bp containing a complete 1128 bp open reading frame that encodes a polypeptide of 376 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular weight of about 41.5 kDa. The deduced amino acid sequence of the A.germari actin cDNA showed 99% protein sequence identity to Homalodisca coagulata actin, differing at only two amino acid positions, and 92-98% protein sequence identity to known insect species actins. The predicted three-dimensional structure of A. germari actin revealed the four residue hydrophobic pulg loop characteristic of the actin family. Northern blot analysis showed that A. germari actin is highly expressed in epidermis and muscle, and less strongly in midgut, but not in the fat body of A. germari larva.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.280-286
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• 2007

L-asparaginase (EC 3.5.1.1) catalyzes the hydrolysis of the amide group of L-asparagine, releasing aspartate and $NH_4{^+}$. We isolated a low temperature-inducible cDNA sequence encoding L-asparaginase from soybean leaves. The full-length L-asparaginase cDNA, designated GmASP1, contains an open reading frame of 1,258 bp coding for a protein of 326 amino acids. Genomic DNA blotting and fluorescence in situ hybridization showed that the soybean genome has two copies of GmASP1. GmASP1 mRNA was induced by low temperature, ABA and NaCl, but not by heat shock or drought stress. E. coli cells expressing recombinant GmASP1 had 3-fold increased L-asparaginase activity. A possible function of L-asparaginase in the early response to low temperature stress is discussed.

• Journal of Korean Dental Hygiene Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.25-36
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• 2020

Introduction: The legal duties of Korean dental hygienists are different from the actual tasks. These factors cause dental hygienists to experience work stress. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate what tasks the dental hygienist expects to perform. Methods: This study examined the perception of dental hygienists' work on 158 prospective graduates of the 3rd-year and 4th-year course of dental hygiene. The questionnaire about the dental hygienist's duties was prepared based on the job description of dental hygienists by the Korea Health Personnel Licensing Examination Institute. Results: More than 84% said that all of the work in the second job description was possible as dental hygienists. subjects responded that the following items were not dental hygienists' duties: treatment plan based on medical history and dental history, treatment plan based on an intraoral and extraoral examination, treatment plan based on the results of teeth and periodontal examination, analysis of oral health data in community, planning of oral health promotion in community, planing of water fluoridation, reading of radiography, root planing, physical treatment on head and neck, using an ultrasonic device on head and neck, dealing with laser devices, making a temporary crown, suture and stitch-out, and intramuscular injection. Conclusions: Most graduates of dental hygiene departments have recognized that the tasks described in the second job description are dental hygienists' work; therefore, it is necessary to improve the gap between expected work and legal work.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.181-186
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate inter-observer reliability among observers with different levels of proficiency and the diagnostic imaging reliability of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of the retromolar canal. Materials and Methods: CBCT images of 307 patients were assessed for the presence of retromolar canals(RMCs) by 3 observers independently. Diagnoses were made twice by each observer at intervals of more than 3 weeks. Interobserver reliability was assessed using the kappa coefficient. One observer had no experience in diagnosis using CBCT images. Therefore, a specialist in diagnostic imaging explained the CBCT images for interpretation and practiced diagnostic imaging together with this observer, while the other observer interpreted the images independently. Thereafter, the observers re-evaluated the images. Results: The interobserver kappa coefficients (including bilateral RMCs) calculated at the first reading were low, ranging from 0.21 to 0.61. Their values ranged from 0.95 (right side) to 1.00 (left side) after one-on-one practice with a diagnostic imaging specialist, while the values ranged from 0.65 (right side) to 0.66 (left side) without one-on-one practice. Conclusion: Diagnostic accuracy was improved through diagnostic imaging practice. To improve the anatomical interpretation of images, it is important to practice diagnostic imaging with a specialist in diagnostic imaging. One-on-one instruction about diagnostic imaging was an effective method of training.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.363-372
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• 2021

Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the diagnostic accuracy of imaging examinations for the detection of peri-implant bone defects and compared the diagnostic accuracy between titanium (Ti) and zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂) implants. Materials and Methods: Six online databases were searched, and studies were selected based on eligibility criteria. The studies included in the systematic review underwent bias and applicability assessment using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 (QUADAS-2) tool and a random-effect meta-analysis. Summary receiver operating characteristic (sROC) curves were constructed to compare the effect of methodological differences in relation to the variables of each group. Results: The search strategy yielded 719 articles. Titles and abstracts were read and 61 studies were selected for full-text reading. Among them, 24 studies were included in this systematic review. Most included studies had a low risk of bias (QUADAS-2). Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) presented sufficient data for quantitative analysis in ZrO₂ and Ti implants. The meta-analysis revealed high levels of inconsistency in the latter group. Regarding sROC curves, the area under the curve (AUC) was larger for the overall Ti group (AUC=0.79) than for the overall ZrO₂ group (AUC=0.69), but without a statistically significant difference between them. In Ti implants, the AUCs for dehiscence defects(0.73) and fenestration defects(0.87) showed a statistically significant difference. Conclusion: The diagnostic accuracy of CBCT imaging in the assessment of peri-implant bone defects was similar between Ti and ZrO₂ implants, and fenestration was more accurately diagnosed than dehiscence in Ti implants.

• SUVANNABHUMI
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.53-80
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• 2020

Students of global development are often introduced to Southeast Asia by reading many of the influential authors whose ideas were derived from their experiences in the region. John Furnivall, Clifford Geertz, Benedict Anderson and James Scott have made Southeast Asia relevant to comprehending developments far beyond the region. It might even be added that others come to the region because it has also been the home to many key historical events and seminal social developments. However, when many of the best-known writings (and textbooks) of global history are examined, treatment of Southeast Asia is often scarce and in the worst cases non-existent. It is within this context that this paper will examine Southeast Asia's role in the interpretation of global history. The paper will consider the 'global history' as a historical production in order to depict the ways in which the construction of global narratives can be a reflection of the immediate needs of historians. Furthermore, the discussion will be historiographic, exhibiting the manner in which key global histories portrayed the significance of the region. Particular importance will be placed on the ways in which the region is used to present larger historical trajectories. Additionally, the paper will consider instances when Southeast Asia is either profoundly underrepresented in global narratives or misrepresented by global historians. Last, since the discussion will probe the nature of 'global history', it will also consider what the subject might look like from a Southeast Asian point of view. The paper will end by exploring the ways in which the region's history might be augmented to become visible to those who live outside or have little knowledge about it. Visual augmented reality offers great potential in many areas of education, training and heritage preservation. To draw upon augmented reality as a basic metaphor for enquiry (and methodology) means asking a different kind of question: how can a region be "augmented" to become (at least in this case) more prominent. That is, how can the region's nations, histories and cultures become augmented so that they can become the center of historical global narratives in their own right. Or, to put this in more familiar terms, how can the "autonomous voices" associated with the region make themselves heard?

• Advances in nano research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.185-195
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• 2022

Deep learning is another field of artificial intelligence (AI) utilized for computer aided diagnosis (CAD) and image processing in scientific research. Considering numerous mechanical repetitive tasks, reading image slices need time and improper with geographical limits, so the counting of image information is hard due to its strong subjectivity that raise the error ratio in misdiagnosis. Regarding the highest mortality rate of Lung cancer, there is a need for biopsy for determining its class for additional treatment. Deep learning has recently given strong tools in diagnose of lung cancer and making therapeutic regimen. However, identifying the pathological lung cancer's class by CT images in beginning phase because of the absence of powerful AI models and public training data set is difficult. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) was proposed with its essential function in recognizing the pathological CT images. 472 patients subjected to staging FDG-PET/CT were selected in 2 months prior to surgery or biopsy. CNN was developed and showed the accuracy of 87%, 69%, and 69% in training, validation, and test sets, respectively, for T1-T2 and T3-T4 lung cancer classification. Subsequently, CNN (or deep learning) could improve the CT images' data set, indicating that the application of classifiers is adequate to accomplish better exactness in distinguishing pathological CT images that performs better than few deep learning models, such as ResNet-34, Alex Net, and Dense Net with or without Soft max weights.