• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.733-746
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• 1995

In narrow maxillary arch, midpalatal suture can be readily opened in growing children with maxillary palatal expansion. In adult patients, narrow maxilla is generally treated surgically because their growth are deemed completed due to their age. However, in patients under 25, midpalatal suture may not be closed. In addition, maxillary expansion may depend upon the closure of other maxillary sutures, which generally remain open at this stage. The present study attempted suture openings with palatal expansion on 5 female patients in their early 20's. The opening was successful in 4 patients, while only one patient showed no suture opening. In all 4 subjects, no discomfort or pain was present during s\expansion, and the successful suture opening was confirmed on occlusal x-rays. Therefore, for those patients with narrow maxilla in their early 20's, rapid palatal expansion or slow palatal expansion may offer a simple and less complicated option which, if successful, may preclude the need for surgery and thereby circumvent the psychological and financial burdens for the patients.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2012

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a newly developed rapid maxillary expansion screw-the memory screw-over 6 months. Methods: Five subjects, aged between 11.7 and 13.75 years, were enrolled in this study. All subjects underwent placement of a maxillary expansion appliance containing superelastic nickel-titanium open-coil springs in its screw bed. The parents of the patients and/or the patients themselves were instructed to activate the expansion screw by 2 quarter-turns 3 times a day (morning, midday, and evening; 6 quarter-turns a day). The mean expansion period was $7.52{\pm}1.04$ days. Dentoskeletal effects of the procedure, including dentoalveolar inclination, were evaluated. Measurements of all the parameters were repeated after 6 months of retention in order to check for relapse. Results: Sella-Nasion-A point (SNA) and Sella-Nasion/Gonion-Menton angles increased, and Sella-Nasion-B point (SNB) angle decreased in all the subjects during the expansion phase. However, they approximated to the initial values at the end of 6 months. On the other hand, the increments in maxillary apical base (Mxr-Mxl) and intermolar widths was quite stable. As expected, some amount of dentoalveolar tipping was observed. Conclusions: The newly developed memory expansion screw offers advantages of both rapid and slow expansion procedures. It widens the midpalatal suture and expands the maxilla with relatively lighter forces and within a short time. In addition, the resultant increments in the maxillary apical base and intermolar width remained quite stable even aft er 6 months of retention.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.31-39
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• 1977

The patient, 18-year-old girl, had a class III malocclusion with the lateral compression of the maxilla due to the premature loss of the canines, mild mandibular prognathism, and mouth breathing habit. The treatment plan consisted of 1) rapid maxillary expansion 2) a period of retention 3) extraction of the first mandibular premolars instead of surgical correction 4) completion of orthodontic treatment with multibanded system. The maxilla was separated in the midline by the application of orthopedic forces via a cemented rapid maxillary expansion device. After 18 months, She gained functional overbite-overjet relationship, good interdigitation of buccal segments, and facial harmony due to the retraction of lower anterior teeth.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.131-141
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in dentoskeletal and soft tissue changes following conventional tooth-borne rapid maxillary expansion (RME) between adolescents and adults. Methods: Dentoskeletal and soft tissue variables of 17 adolescents and 17 adults were analyzed on posteroanterior and lateral cephalograms and frontal photographs at pretreatment (T1) and after conventional RME using tooth-borne expanders (T2). Changes in variables within each group between T1 and T2 were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine the differences in the pretreatment age, expansion and post-expansion durations, and dentoskeletal and soft tissue changes after RME between the groups. Spearman's correlation between pretreatment age and transverse dentoskeletal changes in the adolescent group was calculated. Results: Despite similar amounts of expansion at the crown level in both groups, the adult group underwent less skeletal expansion with less intermolar root expansion after RME than the adolescent group. The skeletal vertical dimension increased significantly in both groups without significant intergroup difference. The anteroposterior position of the maxilla was maintained in both groups, while a greater backward displacement of the mandible was evident in the adult group than that in the adolescent group after RME. The soft tissue alar width increased in both groups without a significant intergroup difference. In the adolescent group, pretreatment age was not significantly correlated with transverse dentoskeletal changes. Conclusions: Conventional RME may induce similar soft tissue changes but different dentoskeletal changes between adolescents and adults.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.182-200
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• 2022

Objective: This study aims to examine the effectiveness of miniscrew assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) treatment in late adolescents and adult patients using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: Literature search was conducted in five electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) based on the PICOS keyword design focusing on MARPE. Out of the 18 CBCT screened outcomes, only nine parameters were sufficient for the quantitative meta-analysis. The parameters were classified into three main groups: 1) skeletal changes, 2) alveolar change, and 3) dental changes. Heterogeneity test, estimation of pooled means, publication bias, sensitivity analysis and risk of bias assessment were also performed. Results: Upon database searching, only 14 full-text articles were qualified from the 364 obtained results. Heterogeneity test indicated the use of the random-effects model. The pooled mean estimate were as follows: 1) Skeletal expansion: zygomatic width, 2.39 mm; nasal width, 2.68 mm; jugular width, 3.12 mm; and midpalatal suture at the posterior nasal spine and anterior nasal spine, 3.34 mm and 4.56 mm, respectively; 2) Alveolar molar width expansion, 4.80 mm; and 3) Dental expansion: inter-canine width, 3.96 mm; inter-premolar width, 4.99 mm and inter-molar width, 5.99 mm. The percentage of expansion demonstrated a skeletal expansion (PNS) of 55.76%, alveolar molar width expansion of 24.37% and dental expansion of 19.87%. Conclusions: In the coronal view, the skeletal and dental expansion created by MARPE was of the pyramidal pattern. MARPE could successfully expand the constricted maxilla in late adolescents and adult patients.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.155-167
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• 2023

이 연구의 목적은 상악 확장 속도에 따른 치아치조성, 골격성 효과 및 상기도에 대한 효과를 CBCT를 통해 3차원적으로 분석하여 저속 상악 확장의 효과를 확인하는 것이다. 전북대학교 소아치과에서 Banded hyrax를 이용하여 상악 확장을 시행한 23명(평균 8.93 ± 1.61세)의 환자가 포함되었다. 확장 속도에 따라 저속 상악 확장군과 급속 상악 확장군으로 분류되었다. 치료 전후의 치아치조성, 골격성, 기도 부피 변화를 평가하기 위해 치료전(T0)과 치료 종료 및 유지 후(T1)에 촬영한 CBCT를 사용하였다. 상악 확장 결과 두 군 모두에서 치아치조성, 골격성 측정 값 및 상기도 부피의 유의한 증가가 관찰되었다. 또한 모든 측정 값에서 저속 상악 확장과 급속 상악 확장 간의 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 이 연구는 혼합치열기 어린이에서 저속 상악 확장의 효과에 대해 확인하였다. 저속 상악 확장은 치아치조성, 골격성 측정 값 뿐만 아니라 기도 부피, 상악동 기체 부피에서도 유의한 효과를 보였다. 또한, 급속 상악 확장의 효과와 비교하였을 때 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 따라서 소아치과의사는 성장기 어린이의 치주 조직의 생리적 측면, 불편감에 따른 협조도 등을 고려하여 급속 상악 확장과 저속 상악 확장 중 적절한 방법을 선택할 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the long-term stability of rapid palatal expansion (RPE) followed by full fixed edgewise appliances. Methods: This study included 67 patients treated using Haas-type RPE and non-extraction edgewise appliance therapy at a single orthodontic practice. Serial dental casts were obtained at three different time points: pretreatment ($T_1$), after expansion and fixed appliance therapy ($T_2$), and at long-term recall ($T_3$). The mean duration of the $T_1-T_2$ and $T_2-T_3$ periods was $4.8{\pm}3.5years$ and $11.0{\pm}5.4years$, respectively. The dental casts were digitized, and the computed measurements were compared with untreated reference data. Results: The majority of treatment-related increases in the maxillary and mandibular arch measurements were statistically significant (p < 0.05) and greater than expected for the untreated controls. Although many measurements decreased postretention ($T_2-T_3$), the net gains persisted for all of the measurements evaluated. Conclusions: The use of RPE therapy followed by full fixed edgewise appliances is an effective method for increasing maxillary and mandibular arch width dimensions in growing patients.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.77-86
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• 2017

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the skeletal and dentoalveolar changes after miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) in young adults by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: This retrospective study included 14 patients (mean age, 20.1 years; range, 16-26 years) with maxillary transverse deficiency treated with MARPE. Skeletal and dentoalveolar changes were evaluated using CBCT images acquired before and after expansion. Statistical analyses were performed using paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test according to normality of the data. Results: The midpalatal suture was separated, and the maxilla exhibited statistically significant lateral movement (p < 0.05) after MARPE. Some of the landmarks had shifted forwards or upwards by a clinically irrelevant distance of less than 1 mm. The amount of expansion decreased in the superior direction, with values of 5.5, 3.2, 2.0, and 0.8 mm at the crown, cementoenamel junction, maxillary basal bone, and zygomatic arch levels, respectively (p < 0.05). The buccal bone thickness and height of the alveolar crest had decreased by 0.6-1.1 mm and 1.7-2.2 mm, respectively, with the premolars and molars exhibiting buccal tipping of $1.1^{\circ}-2.9^{\circ}$. Conclusions: Our results indicate that MARPE is an effective method for the correction of maxillary transverse deficiency without surgery in young adults.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.153-162
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• 1996

정중구개봉합의 급속확장은 상악골의 악궁의 폭을 증가시키고, 전방이동을 용이하게하므로 전후방적인 악골의 부조화나 상악치열궁 협착 등을 치료하는데 널리 사용되고 있다. 이 연구는 정중구개봉합의 급속이개시 봉합부위에서 나타나는 골개조 과정 및 교원섬유의 변화를 관찰하고자 시행되었다. 생후 6-8개월된 유성견 4마리를 실험동물로 사용하여 인상을 채득한 후 주조된 급속정중이개장치에 Hyrax screw를 납착하여 장착시키고 1회에 $90^{\circ}$씩, 1일 2회전시켜 10일간 지속하였다. X-ray상에서 봉합의 이개를 확인한 후 이개직후, 15일, 30일 그리고 60일간의 보정기간을 거쳐 희생시키고 정중구개봉합부를 절취하여 봉합부위의 변화를 광학 및 주사전자현미경으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 정중구개봉합 확장 직후 양 봉합골단의 일부에서는 신생골 형성이 관찰되었으며, 양 골단 사이의 교원 섬유속이 중앙에서 늘어나 골간거리가 확장되었다. 2. 정중구개봉합 확장 15일 후, 봉합면에서는 많은 파골세포를 가진 골흡수면이 증가되었고 양 골단 사이에 서는 교원섬유속의 주행방향이 불규칙하고, 조섬유세포 수가 줄어든 반면 많은 염증세포가 침윤되어 있었다. 3. 정중구개봉합 확장 30일 후 양 봉합골단에서 많은 조골세포를 가진 신생골이 성장하여 해면골이 형성되었으며, 양골단 사이에서는 교원섬유속이 풍부해지고 조섬유세포 수가 증가되었다. 4. 정중구개봉합 확장 60일 후, 양봉합골단은 해면골이 치밀골로 대치되어 골간거리가 좁아졌지만 계속적인 골개조현상이 관찰되었고, 교원섬유속이 재생된 봉합면에 매입되었으며, 연결 중앙부에서는 서로 교차되고 있는 양상이 관찰되었다. 이상의 결과에 의하면 급속정중이개시 정중구개봉합 부위의 유주성 세포의 침윤상태가 유도되는 염증반응이 일어난 후 골개조현상이 일어났으며, 골개조 현상은 급속확장 2 개월 후에도 계속 진행되고 있었다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.304-315
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze initial displacement and stress distribution of the maxillofacial complex during dentoskeletal maxillary protraction with various appliance designs placed on the palatal region by using three-dimensional finite element analysis. Methods: Six models of maxillary protraction were developed: conventional facemask (Type A), facemask with dentoskeletal hybrid anchorage (Type B), facemask with a palatal plate (Type C), intraoral traction using a Class III palatal plate (Type D), facemask with a palatal plate combined with rapid maxillary expansion (RME; Type E), and Class III palatal plate intraoral traction with RME (Type F). In Types A, B, C, and D, maxillary protraction alone was performed, whereas in Types E and F, transverse expansion was performed simultaneously with maxillary protraction. Results: Type C displayed the greatest amount of anterior dentoskeletal displacement in the sagittal plane. Types A and B resulted in similar amounts of anterior displacement of all the maxillofacial landmarks. Type D showed little movement, but Type E with expansion and the palatal plate displayed a larger range of movement of the maxillofacial landmarks in all directions. Conclusions: The palatal plate served as an effective skeletal anchor for use with the facemask in maxillary protraction. In contrast, the intraoral use of Class III palatal plates showed minimal skeletal and dental effects in maxillary protraction. In addition, palatal expansion with the protraction force showed minimal effect on the forward movement of the maxillary complex.