• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.1520-1522
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• 2001

Relationship among Tibetan cashmere goats, Inner Mongolia cashmere goats and Liaoning cashmere goats was studied using the technique of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). One primer and four primer combinations were screened. With the five primers and primer combinations, DNA fragments were amplified from the three breeds. Each breed has 28 samples. According to their RAPD fingerprint maps, the Nei's (1972) standard genetic distance was: 0.0876 between Tibetan cashmere goats and Inner Mongolia cashmere goats, 0.1601 between Tibetan cashmere goats and Liaoning cashmere goats, 0.0803 between the Inner Mongolia cashmere goats and Liaoning cashmere goats. It coincides with their geographic location. The genetic heterogeneity of Tibetan cashmere goats, Inner Mongolia cashmere goats and Liaoning cashmere goats is 0.3266, 0.2622 and 0.2475 respectively. It is also consistent with their development history.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.303-311
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• 2017

본 연구는 참다래(Actinidia spp.) 유전자원의 유전적 다양성을 평가하기 위하여 재배품종 및 국내 외에서 수집한 참다래 61점을 대상으로 RAPD와 SRAP 분석을 수행하였다. RAPD 분석에서 40종의 선발 primer를 이용하여 230개의 다형성 밴드를 얻었으며, 평균 다형성 밴드 수는 5.75개였다. 32종의 primer 조합을 이용한 SRAP 분석에서 204개의 다형성 밴드를 획득하였고, 평균 다형성 밴드 수는 6.38 개였다. RAPD와 SRAP 분석에서 획득된 434개의 다형성 밴드를 이용하여 비가중 평균결합 방식으로 집괴분석한 결과 유전적 유사도 지수 0.680을 기준으로 3개의 그룹으로 분류되었다. 제1그룹에는 A. deliciosa와 A. chinensis에 속하는 품종과 A. deliciosa ${\times}$ A. arguta, A. chinensis ${\times}$ A. arguta, A. chinensis ${\times}$ A. deliciosa의 교잡종에 속하는 46점의 유전자원이 포함되었다. 제2그룹에는 A. arguta에 속하는 유전자원 7점과 A. arguta ${\times}$ A. deliciosa의 교잡종인 '스키니그린'이 포함되었다. 제3그룹에는 A. rufa, A. hemsleyana, A. macrosperma, A. polygama, A. eriantha 종에 속하는 유전자원 7점이 포함되었다. 참다래 유전자원 간 유전적 유사도 값은 0.479~0.991의 범위로 평균 유전적 유사도는 0.717이었다. 가장 높은 유사도 값(0.991)을 나타낸 유전자원은 NHK0038(A. deliciosa)과 NHK0040(A. deliciosa) 간이었고 가장 낮은 유사도 값(0.479)을 나타낸 유전자원은 '헤이워드'(A. deliciosa)와 K5-1-22(A. arguta) 간이었다.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.912-923
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• 2016

Watermelon production is often limited by powdery mildew in areas with a large daily temperature range. Development of resistant watermelon cultivars can protect against powdery mildew; however, little is known about the characteristics of its causal agents. Here, we identified the genus and race of a causal pathogen of powdery mildew in Ansung province of South Korea, and developed molecular markers for the generation of resistant watermelon cultivars. The causal pathogen was determined to be Podosphaera xanthii based on multiple sequence alignments of internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of rDNA. The physiological race was identified as 1W, and the Ansung isolate was named P. xanthii 1W-AN. Following inoculation with the identified P. xanthii 1W-AN, we found inheritance of the resistant gene fitting a single dominant Mendelian model in a segregated population ('SBA' ${\times}$ PI 254744). To develop molecular markers linked to fungus-resistant loci, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was accomplished between DNA pooled from eight near-isogenic lines (NILs; $BC_4F_6$), originated from PI 254744 and susceptible 'SBB' watermelon. After sequencing bands from RAPD were identified in all eight NILs and PI254744, 42 sequence-characterized amplifiedregion (SCAR) markers were developed. Overall, 107 $F_2$ plants derived from $BC_4F_6$ NIL-1 ${\times}$ 'SBB' were tested, and one SCAR marker was selected. Sequence comparison between the SCAR marker and the reference watermelon genome identified three Nco I restriction enzyme sites harboring a single nucleotide polymorphism, and codominant cleavage-amplified polymorphic site markers were subsequently developed. A CAPS marker was converted to a high-resolution melt (HRM) marker, which can discriminate C/T SNP (254PMR-HRM3). The 254PMR-HRM3 marker was evaluated in 138 $F_{2:3}$ plants of a segregating population ('SBA' ${\times}$ PI254744) and was presumed to be 4.3 cM from the resistance locus. These results could ensure P. xanthii 1W-AN resistance in watermelon germplasm and aid watermelon cultivar development in marker-assist breeding programs.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.328-333
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• 1999

Susceptibility of 61 strains of Helicobacter pylori to metronidazole was examined by both the disk diffusion method using a cut-off of 15㎜ for resistance and the E test with a cut-off of 8㎎/l. The MIC/sub 50/ and MIC/sub 90/ by the E test were 2 ㎎/l and 256㎎/l, respectively. Metronidazole resistance was found in 22 (36％) out of the 61 H. pylori strains by the E test and in three additional strains by the disk diffusion method. Amongst the latter three isolates, the MICs by the E test were 4 ㎎/l, 6㎎/l, and 6㎎/l, respectively. These figures are one log₂ or half log₂ dilution lower than the cut-off of 8㎎/l recommended as resistance for the E test. All 22 metronidazole resistant H. pylori isolates by the E test that were subjected to random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting showed different DNA fingerprints. Interestingly, >90％ of resistant isolates possess two common DNA bands of 0.4 and 0.9 kb. This study demonstrates that the results of the disk diffusion method for testing H. pylori susceptibility to metronidazole correlates well with that of the E test. The criteria for interpretation need to be internationally standardized so that the results from different centers can be compared.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2009

Discriminating between eel species of the genus Anguilla using morphological characteristics can be problematic, particularly in the glass eel and elver stages. In this study, sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers were developed for the identification of Anguilla japoniea, Anguilla btcoior bicaor. Anguilla rostrata, and Anguilla anguilla. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fragments from A. japoniea (362 bp), A. bicolor bicctor (375 bp), A. rostrata (375 bp), and A. anguilla (375 bp) were isolated, sequenced, and converted to SCAR markers. The principal difference between the SCARs of A. japoniea and the three other species is the absence of a 13 bp deletion in the A. japoniea SCAR. Specific PCR primers amplified a 290 bp fragment for A. japoniea and 303 bp fragments for A. bicolor bicoior. A. rostrata, and A. anguilla. Restriction enzyme digestion with Taql, Mael, and Tru9l yielded PCR-RFLP patterns with differences that, when analyzed together, are sufficient for distinguishing each of the four eel species. In addition, RAPD fragments for A. japoniea (577 bp), A. bicoior bicoor (540 bp), A. rostrata (540 bp), and A. anguilla (509 bp) were also isolated and sequenced. The A. japoniea, A. bicoior blcoior. A. rostrata, and A. anguilla PCR products contain ten, nine, nine, and eight tandem repeats, respectively, of a 37 bp sequence. These results suggest that SCAR and PCR-RFLP markers and repeat numbers for specific loci will be useful for the identification of these four Anguilla eel species.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제26권4호통권87호
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• pp.466-477
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• 1998

진흙버섯류 22개 균주를 균총의 형태와 PCR 기법을 사용하여 종간의 구분 방법을 찾고자 하였다. PDA등 4가지 배지에서 균사생장 및 배지의 변색여부 등을 기준으로 특성을 구분할 때 목질진흙버섯의 균총 색깔은 진한 황색으로 균사생장이 늦고 배지를 푸르게 변색시켰다. rDNA 분석 결과 $ITSI{\sim}II$ 부위는 목질진흙버섯이 약 800 bp, 말똥진흙버섯은 약 700 bp였고, IGRI 부위는 목질진흙버섯은 약 700 bp, 말똥진흙버섯은 균주에 따라 약 500, 600, 700, 800 bp에서 4가지 각기 다른 밴드를 보였다. $ITSI{\sim}II$와 IGRI부위의 증폭된 DNA를 6개의 제한효소로 절단하여 다형성을 비교해 본 결과 $ITSI{\sim}II$의 HaeIII 절단으로 목질진흙버섯과 말똥진흙버섯을 구분할 수 있었으며 이들 밴드를 이용하여 유연관계를 조사한 결과 목질진흙버섯은 95%의 유사도를 보였으며, 말똥진흙버섯은 89%의 유사도로 complex를 형성하였다. 목질 진흙버섯은 RAPD 분석과 AP-PCR에 의한 밴드양상으로도 확실한 구분이 가능하였으며, $ITSI{\sim}II$ 부위의 HaeIII 제한효소 처리로 나타난 벤드는 이종의 특이적인 marker로 사용할 수 있을 것으로 본다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.444-454
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• 2013

The development of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and expressed sequence tag-derived simple sequence repeats (EST-SSRs) provided a useful tool for investigating Korean ginseng genetic diversity. In this study, 18 polymorphic markers (7 RAPD and 11 EST-SSR) selected to assess the genetic diversity in 31 ginseng accessions (11 Korean ginseng cultivars and 20 breeding lines). In RAPD analysis, a total of 53 unique polymorphic bands were obtained from ginseng accessions and number of amplicons ranged from 4 to 11 with a mean of 7.5 bands. Pair-wise genetic similarity coefficient (Nei) among all pairs of ginseng accessions varied from 0.01 to 0.32, with a mean of 0.11. On the basis of the resulting data, the 31 ginseng accessions were grouped into six clusters. As a result of EST-SSR analysis, 11 EST-SSR markers detected polymorphisms among the 31 ginseng accessions and revealed 49 alleles with a mean of 4.45 alleles per primer. The polymorphism information content (PIC) value ranged from 0.06 to 0.31, with an average of 0.198. The 31 ginseng accessions were classified into five groups by cluster analysis based on Nei's genetic distances. Consequently, the results of ginseng-specific RAPD and EST-SSR markers may prove useful for the evaluation of genetic diversity and discrimination of Korean ginseng cultivars and breeding lines.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.242-246
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• 2012

The variation in random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were examined for Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge seeds from three plantations (Inner Mongolia [IM], Liaoning [LN], and Shandong [SD] province) in China. Mean genetic variation was measured by polymorphism percentage (42.10%) and expected heterozygosity (He=1.27). Among three populations, Shandong showed the highest values both in polymorphism percentage and heterozygosity (p=57.89; Ho=1.58; and He=1.37). Total genetic diversity value, based on the total loci, was estimated as total genetic diversity of the species (Ht)=0.27 and mean within-population genetic diversity (Hs)=0.16. UPGMA cluster analysis showed the genetic closeness between Inner Mongolia and Liaoning population, but that Shandong seems to be the separate population.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2008

Level and distribution of genetic diversity in seven populations of Albizia lucida Benth. in eastern region of the Indian sub-continent were estimated using ISSR markers. Relatively higher level of genetic diversity within populations was observed in seven populations of A. lucida (mean of 0.38). From the result of AMOVA, majority of genetic diversity was allocated within populations (96.2%) resulting in a moderate degree of population differentiation. The observed distribution pattern of I-SSR variant among the populations was coincided with the typical pattern of long-lived woody tree species. Genetic relationships among the populations, reconstructed by UPGMA method, revealed two genetic groups. The population of Anugul and Bargarh turned out to be the most closely related despite a distance location between them. These formations will be of great value in the development of conservation plans for species exhibiting high levels of genetic differentiation due to fragmentation, such as indication of conservation unit size, which populations should be chosen as priority in conservation plans and which samples should be introduced in areas with a low number of individuals of A. lucida.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.66-72
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• 2008

고마리의 24개 지역집단으로부터 PCR을 통한 RAPD 분석을 실시하였다. PCR을 통해 증폭된 RAPD절편들은 200-1, 900bp 사이의 구간에서 관찰되었다. 총 16개의 oligoprimer를 이용한 효소중합반응에서 184개의 유효한 polymorphic band markers를 확인하였다. RAPD 분석결과를 기초로 UPGMA 방법에 의한 유집분석을 수행한 결과, 고마리 개체군은 교란형 하천(도시하천, 농촌하천)과 자연적 수환경으로 유집되었고, 교란형 하천 보다 자연적 수환경의 고마리 개체군끼리 유전적 유연관계가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 자연적 수환경과 교란형 하천에 생육하는 고마리 개체군간에 뚜렷한 유전적 한계를 나타내어 이들 사이의 유전적 이질성이 있는 것으로 생각된다.