• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.111-124
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• 2009

This study analyzes through the review of literature and laws the exposure time, clinical frequency, and radiation exposure of intraoral and extraoral radiography as well as of panoramic radiography performed by dental hygienists in dental clinics, compares the dental radiology curriculums of radiological science and dental hygiene departments, and proposes the expansion of dental hygienists' radiography operations. The radiology curriculums were compared between the radiological science and dental hygiene departments of colleges. For new analysis by radiography for dental diagnosis, the exposure time, radiation absorbed dose, effective dose, and number of days of natural radiation were compared by the type of oral radiation films and radiographical techniques proposed by domestic and international studies. The exposure time of panoramic radiography is 15 seconds and it takes about two minutes for completion, whereas the exposure time of the standard radiography is 0.2~0.8 seconds and it takes 10 times longer for completion of the radiography of full mouth than the panoramic radiography. The standard radiography can cause distortions of radiation at severely curved parts of dental arch and palatopharyngeal reflex. However, panoramic radiography can be performed even for lock jaw patients, causes less inconvenience to patients and is much simpler than the standard radiography. The percentage of dental clinics where radiography is performed by dental hygienists was 92.0%, and the percentage of standard film radiography by dental hygienists was 98% whereas the percentage of panoramic radiography by dental hygienists was 92%. For the absorbed dose which is an indicator of radiation exposure, the When the effective dose which is an indicator of the danger of radiation exposure was converted to the number of days of natural radiation, it was 3.3 days for panoramic radiography, but 13.9 days for the full mouth standard radiography by bisecting angle technique which was 4.2 times longer than the panoramic radiography. There were two colleges that had a dental radiology course with two credits in the departments of radiological science. The credits for dental radiology courses in the department of dental hygiene ranged varied by college, ranging from 3 to 8; on average, the theory course was 2.2 credits and the practice course was 2.02 credits. To summarize the above results, the percentage of dental clinics where panoramic radiography is performed by dental hygienists under the guidance of dentists is high. Panoramic radiography has become an essential facility for dental clinics. It is faster than standard film radiography and less dangerous due to low radiation exposure. Panoramic radiography is a simple mechanical job that does not require training of oral radiography by radiotechnologist. Because panoramic radiography is one of major operations which must be performed at all times in dental clinics, it must be designated as intraoral technique rather than extraoral technique, or legalized for inclusion in the scope of operations of dental hygienists.

• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.291-295
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to introduce the radiography for the natural course and clinical diagnosis of foreign body ingestion and aspiration, to help diagnosis and treatment, to evaluate the accuracy of radiographic images of pediatric patients. A 2 to 7 year-old patient who ingested a foreign body was ingested and aspirated with foreign substances such as coin, cloth pin, earring, baduk stone, and hairpins, and chest and abdomen of the plain radiography. The pediatric patient who ingested and aspirated the foreign body of the coins, the clothespins, the earrings, the stones, and the hairpins were examined by chest and abdomen of the plain radiography and fluoroscopic images. The radiography examination can be combined to effectively cope with the treatment and the treatment of the foreign substance removal. It can be applied to the diagnosis of foreign body in pediatric patient's clinic and appropriate treatment and treatment direction.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.273-278
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was performed to investigate the course of the mandibular canal on panoramic radiography and the visibility of this canal on both panoramic radiography and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: The study consisted of panoramic radiographs and CBCT images from 262 patients. The course of the mandibular canal, as seen in panoramic radiographs, was classified into four types: linear, elliptical, spoon-shaped, and turning curves. The visibility of this canal from the first to the third molar region was evaluated by visually determining whether the mandibular canal was clearly visible, probably visible, or invisible. The visibihlity of the canal on panoramic radiographs was compared with that on CBCT images. Results: Elliptical curves were most frequently observed along the course of the mandibular canal. The percentage of clearly visible mandibular canals was the highest among the spoon-shaped curves and the lowest among the linear curves. On panoramic radiographs, invisible mandibular canals were found in 22.7% of the examined sites in the first molar region, 11.8% in the second molar region, and 1.3% in the third molar region. On CBCT cross-sectional images, the mandibular canal was invisible in 8.2% of the examined sites in the first molar region, 5.7% in the second molar region, and 0.2% in the third molar region. Conclusion: The visibility of this canal was lower in the first molar region than in the third molar region. The mandibular canal presented better visibility on CBCT images than on panoramic radiographs.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.1013-1023
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate dental hygiene students' recognition of safety management and phantom practice in dental radiology. Methods: The study subjects were 409 students in six regions who completed a dental radiology practice course and had on-job experience more than once. After understanding the study purpose and contents, they answered a questionnaire. The main jobs in dental radiology were analyzed. Results: As a result, regarding the most difficult aspects of dental radiology practice, "it is impossible to irradiate the mouth directly with X-rays" was the most common response (29.1%). Regarding the question "what is the main role of students in dental radiology practice?", the answer "it is shooting simulations using phantoms" accounted for 59.7% of responses. The most difficult regions in bisecting and paralleling radiography with a phantom were found to be the maxillary & mandibular molars and premolars. The most difficult technique was reported to be locating XCP maintenance to fit inside the mouth for both molars and premolars. The most difficult region to perform bitewing radiography using the phantom was the molar region (2.87), and the most difficult to perform occlusal radiography approaches were maxillary anterior general occlusal radiography (2.92) and mandibular cross-sectional occlusal radiography (3.00). Conclusions: The most technically difficult point in bitewing and occlusal radiography was the correct positioning of the vertical and horizontal angles. Radiography practice was considered to be more effective than previous mutual practice in terms of analysis of anatomical structures and patient treatment methods. Therefore, it will be necessary to improve policy regarding dental radiography practice at the department of dental hygienics and revise the necessary laws and regulations.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제10권7호
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• pp.551-557
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• 2016

국가직무능력표준(National competency standards, NCS)은 산업현장에서 직무를 수행하기 위해 요구되는 지식, 기술, 태도 등의 내용을 국가가 체계화한 것이다. NCS기반 현장중심 교육과정을 적용한 방사선과 재학생 3학년을 대상으로 일반촬영에 대한 방사선사 직무수행도를 평가하였다. 평가 결과, 모든 촬영방식에서 우수 및 충족 비율이 93% 이상으로 현장중심 교육과정이 재학생의 직무수행도 향상에 긍정적인 영향을 끼친 것으로 판단된다. CR 방식은 전체적으로 가장 우수한 평가를 받았으나 대상자 간 편차가 크고 영상기기조작능력이 부족한 것으로 평가되었고 Film 방식은 노출조건 설정 및 현상작업이 문제점으로 평가되었다. DR 방식은 우수한 평가를 받았으나 영상기기조작능력, 부속기자재운영능력이 부족한 것으로 평가되었다. 각 촬영에서 성취수준 이하의 평가요소를 교과목 운영에 보완한다면 재학생의 학업성취도 향상뿐만 아니라 졸업 후 임상에서 방사선사 직무수행도 향상에 도움이 되리라 판단 한다.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.167-176
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• 2018

Purpose: In the age of X-ray computed tomography (CT) and digital volume tomography (DVT), with their outstanding post-processing capabilities, indications for planar radiography for the study of the dentition of ancient Egyptian mummies may easily be overlooked. In this article, the advantages and limitations of different approaches and projections are discussed for planar oral and maxillofacial radiography using portable digital X-ray equipment during archaeological excavations. Furthermore, recommendations are provided regarding projections and sample positioning in this context. Materials and Methods: A total of 55 specimens, including 19 skeletonized mandibles, 14 skeletonized skulls, 18 separate mummified heads, and 4 partially preserved mummies were imaged using portable digital X-ray equipment in the course of archaeological excavations led by the University of Basel in the Valley of the Kings between 2009 and 2012. Images were evaluated by 2 authors with regard to the visibility of diagnostically relevant dental structures using a 4-point grading system(Likert scale). Results: Overall, the visibility of diagnostically relevant dental structures was rated highest by both authors on X-ray images acquired using a dental detector. The tube-shift technique in the lateral projections of mandibular dentition achieved the second-best rating, and lateral projections achieved the third-best rating. Conclusion: Conventional planar digital X-ray imaging, due to its ubiquity, remains an excellent method-and often the only practicable one-for examining the skulls and teeth of ancient Egyptian mummies under field conditions. Radiographic images of excellent diagnostic quality can be obtained, if an appropriate methodology regarding the selected projections and sample placement is followed.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.211-221
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• 2014

임상실습은 전공분야에 관한 실제적 경험을 의료기관에서 현장 실습교육을 통해서 배울 수 있는 좋은 기회가 되고 있다. 이에 임상실습이 진행되는 가운데 임상 지도강사와 학생의 임상실습에 관한 인식을 비교 연구하고자 한다. 수도권에 소재하고 있는 방사선을 전공하는 재학생 중에 2013년 임상실습을 마친 학생을 대상으로 하였다. 본 연구를 위해 고안된 설문지를 사용하여 진행하였으며, 회수된 설문지 275부를 통계프로그램 SPSS(12.0 version)을 사용하여 빈도분석, 교차분석, 카이제곱 검정, McNemar검정을 실시하였다. 방사선 전공을 선택한 동기는 높은 취업률 때문(44.0%)이고, 학과에 대한 만족도는 보통(53.1%)이라고 대답하였다. 8주의 임상실습 기간에 대해 51.3%가 적절하다고 인식하였으며, 임상실습 시기는 3년 과정의 학생은 2학년 겨울방학(47.3%), 4년 과정의 학생은 3학년 1학기(27.7%)로 나타났다. 임상실습 동안 학생들은 전문지식의 부족(32.4%)을 느꼈으며, 실습교육의 일부 내용이 학교에서 이루어지는 교육과 차이가 있다(68.4%)고 대답하였다. 임상실습교육에 대해 대부분 만족하는 것으로 나타났으며 그중에서 임상실습에 대한 중요성의 인식은 $3.94{\pm}0.89$로 나타났다. 실습의 실시 전과 후에 방사선사 취업에 대한 인식의 변화는 84.1%에서 82.9%로 나타났다. 방사선사 취업을 원하는 이유는 직업의 안정성으로 실습 전 49.0%와 실습 후 46.0%, 취업을 원하지 않은 이유는 적성 및 소질에 맞지 않아서가 실습 전 37.0%와 실습 후 40.7%로 대답하였다. 취업을 위한 대학교육이 아닌 유능한 인재를 통한 방사선사의 위상을 높일 수 있는 내실 있고 만족도 높은 대학교육이 이루어 질 수 있는 노력이 필요하고 교육대상자인 학생들에게 효과적인 교육이 이루어 질 수 있는 임상실습시기와 기간에 대한 폭넓은 논의가 지속적으로 필요하다고 사료된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권9호
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• pp.3347-3352
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• 2010

방사선촬영검사 시에는 제어실 문을 닫고 촬영하도록 권고하고 있으나 응급 환자나 소아 환자 등의 방사선 촬영검사 시에는 발생할 수 있는 긴급 상황에 대한 신속한 조치 수행을 위해서 불가피하게 제어실 문을 열어 놓은 상태에서 촬영해야 하는 경우가 있다. 또한 일반 단순촬영의 경우에도 환자들의 대기시간 단축 등을 고려할 때 촬영시 제어실 문을 열어 두는 것이 더 효율적일 수 있다. 이러한 상황을 감안하여 제어실 문을 열어 놓고 촬영업무를 수행하는 경우에 방사선작업종사자에 대한 방사선피폭선량을 평가하여 방사선피폭을 최소화하면서 업무의 효율을 올릴 수 있는 방안을 모색하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 실제 선량률은 유리선량계를 이용하여 측정하였으며, 제어실 문이 열린 상태에서 촬영 시 방사선작업종사자 위치에서 의 선량률은 주당 100 mR(약 0.88 mGy)을 약 2.3배 초과하는 2.02 mGy가 측정되었다. 이 결과를 통해 문이 열린 경우에는 상당량의 산란선이 작업종사자의 피폭선량을 증가시킴을 알 수 있었으며, 제어실 문이 열린 상태에서 촬영할 경우 작업종사자의 과다피폭 가능성이 매우 높다는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 몬테카를로 전산 모의실험을 수행하여 동일한 조건에서도 제어실 문의 방향에 따라 방사선작업종사자가 위치한 곳의 선량률을 대략 1/100까지 감소시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다. 결론적으로, 제어실 문을 열고 촬영하더라도 제어실 문의 방향에 따라 동일한 차폐효과를 기대할 수 있으므로 방사선차폐시설을 함에 있어 이에 대한 고려가 요구된다.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.171-174
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• 2004

The present study reports a case of developmental salivary gland defect. On panoramic examination, large radiolucent lesion surrounded by a sclerotic wall was noted in the right posterior mandible. On CT examination, large lingual bone concavity with extra-osseous course of the inferior alveolar nerve bundle was detected. In atypical cases, it is suggested that confirmatory imaging using CT or MRI should be taken.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.541-544
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• 2020

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia is a recent outbreak in mainland China and has rapidly spread to multiple countries worldwide. Pulmonary parenchymal opacities are often observed during chest radiography. Currently, few cases have reported the complications of severe COVID-19 pneumonia. We report a case where serial follow-up chest computed tomography revealed progression of pulmonary lesions into confluent bilateral consolidation with lower lung predominance, thereby confirming COVID-19 pneumonia. Furthermore, complications such as mediastinal emphysema, giant bulla, and pneumothorax were also observed during the course of the disease.