• 한국국방경영분석학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.49-70
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• 2011

이 연구는 군(軍) 공사계약에서 회계정보의 유용성에 관한 연구로 10억 이상 100억 미만의 토목, 건축, 전기, 통신, 환경공종을 대상으로 적격심사낙찰제하에서 육군중앙공사계약에 있어서 회계정보의 유용성, 특히 회계 정보와 낙찰률과의 관계, 그리고 낙찰률과 하자율과의 관계에 있어서 이전 연구결과에 의문을 제기하며 이를 재검증하였다. 이 연구결과는 이전 연구결과와는 달리 회계정보와 낙찰률과는 상당히 제한적인 관계로 사전적인 회계정보로 낙찰률을 식별할 수 없는 것으로 나타났으며, 반면에 하자율과의 관계에 있어서는 분별력이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 실증결과는 낙찰률의 차이가 하자율에 영향을 미칠 것이라는 가설을 지지하지 않았다. 하지만 낙찰률 및 하자율의 예측모형을 통하여 이에 영향을 미치는 회계변수들을 확인할 수 있었고, 추가적으로 분석에 포함시킨 입찰참가사전심사항목 중 비재무지표들에 대한 결과를 토대로 심사항목에서 그 가중치를 조정할 수 있을 것이다. 결론적으로 본 연구결과를 토대로 현재 군(軍) 공사계약에서 대부분을 차지하고 있는 적격심사낙찰제의 문제점을 재인식하고, 정부에서 추진하고 있는 최저가낙찰제의 확대 시행에 대한 타당성을 제공할 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.97-108
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• 2012

Objectives : To demonstrate the importance of syndrome differentiation in clinical research of herb medication, through the comparative study on efficacy and safety of herb medication according to cold-heat tendency of OA knee patients. Methods : During December 2010 to July 2011, 138 knee OA patients were randomly assigned to WIN-34B 600mg(300mg, b.i.d.), 1,200mg(600mg, b.i.d.) and placebo b.i.d. for 8 weeks. Patient were re-classified into cold-heat tendency group according to cold-heat questionnaires. To investigate efficacy and safety, we assessed the 100mm pain VAS at baseline and 8 weeks later, and we monitored adverse event of patients during treatment period. Results : 1. Efficacy study : In WIN-34B 1,200mg group, VAS mean changes of heat tendency group showed slightly increase than those of cold tendency, but no significant difference within two groups. In heat tendency group, WIN-34B 1,200mg group showed a significant decrease of VAS compared to placebo group. but there were no significant difference in cold tendency group. 2. Safety study; In WIN-34B 600mg group, incidence of adverse events of cold tendency group was higher than those of heat tendency, but not in WIN-34B 1,200mg group. Conclusions : This study suggests that WIN-34B tend to have more efficacy in heat tendency-knee OA patients and WIN-34B is safe drug relatively, regardless of cold-heat tendency. In further clinical research on efficacy and safety of WIN-34B, stratification using syndrome differentiation is required.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.461-467
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• 2014

본 연구는 치위생과 대학에서 이루어지고 있는 치위생과정 실습에서 3학년 학생들이 대상자의 치아상태를 Q-ray view를 사용하지 않고 평가한 방법과 Q-ray view를 사용하여 평가한 방법을 숙련된 검사자의 치아검사결과를 기준치로 하여 부위별, 병소 및 수복물별 일치도를 비교하였다. 부위별 차이에서 병소와 수복물은 Q-ray view를 사용한 경우에 높은 일치도를 나타냈다. 특히 상악전치부는 수복물에서 100% 정답기준과 일치하였다. 병소 및 수복물별 차이에서 Q-ray view를 사용한 경우 병소에서는 치아우식증과 초기우식증, 치아파절에서 차이가 있었고 수복물에서는 수복물 또는 치면열구전색이 없는 경우와 심미수복물에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 본 연구의 결과 Q-ray view를 병행해서 치아검사를 수행했을 때 경험이 부족한 치위생과 학생의 치아검사 신뢰성이 향상되었다. 따라서 치위생과정 실습에서 Q-ray view는 학생의 치아검사역량 증진에 효과적인 도구로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.165-176
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the needs of home care nursing services in relation to the patients in hospital. Method: Subjects were 129 patients who admitted hospital and were selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Home Health Care Need Assessment Questionnaire constructed by the Korea Health Industry Development Institute. Data were analyzed using SAS 8.12 program by applying percentage. Results: 1. According to the diagnosis of the subjects, the majority had cancer (25.0%), followed by musculoskeletal disease (15,6%), neuro/cerebral vascular disease (14.1%), digestive (10.9%) and respiratory disease (10.9%). 2. With regard to fundamental nursing service, subjects wanted to receive home care services for the following reasons: Problem identification and diagnosis (77.5%), vital sign check (49.6%); and intake and output measure (20.9%). 3. With regard to clinical laboratory tests, 62.8% wanted to receive blood tests, and followed by urine tests 26.4%, and wound drainage 26.4%. 4. With regard to medication and treatment service, 40.3% of the subjects wanted to receive intravenous fluid therapy, 26.4% intravenous antibiotics, and 26.4% the monitoring of fluid therapy. 5. With regard to therapeutic nursing service, 33.3% wanted to receive wound care, 26.4% ROM exercise, and 27.9% foley catheter change and care. 6. With regard to educational needs, 42.6% wanted education on infection monitoring, 41.4% on medication, and 34.9% on diet. 7. With regard to counseling needs, 65.9% wanted to receive telephone counseling about patient condition, 52.7% counseling about re-admission and 51.9% direct counseling about patient condition. In the group of injury and toxicity, and cardiovascular/circulatory diseases, 100% wanted telephone and direct counseling about the patient condition. Conclusion: Therefore, in order to improve the quality of hospital based home health care services, various factors that affect to the need of home health care should be analyzed and specified nursing care should be looked into.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.582-594
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• 1989

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors affecting the school health teachers' self-confidence. This study was conducted with 87 school health teachers working in Jeonbuk province, from September to December, 1986, The results are follows; 1. Demographic characteristics of school health teachers 1) Age mean ; 34, range; 23-54 2) School Nursing experience mean; 11 years, range; 0-24 3) Clinical experience mean; 1.5 years, range: 0-13 2. Status of school health resources & nursing activities 1) Personnel resource school health teacher: pupils : 1 : 1,436 'classes=1:31 'general teacher=1:39 2) Budget Total school operating budget: School health budget : 100 : 4.2 (52.2 thousand Won) Half of the school health budget expend on medicine. 3) Clinic 80% of all schools have health clinic seperately. 71.32 of all schools have less than $35m^2$, 23.9%, $36-66m^2$. 4) Only 20% of all schools have organization for health 5) Average of clinic visitor for 1 year; 2,084 Major problem is on digestive system. And other problem: respiratory, skin, musculo - skeletal system, dental problem, etc... 6) Literal message for 1 year; 12 times. For health education (4), vaccination (3), examination of parasites (2), etc... 3. The degrees of the school health teachers' self-confidence 1) Program planning & evaluation; 2.9. 2) Clinic management; 2.8 3) Health education; 2.8 4) Management of school environment; 2.7 5) Health care services; 2.5. 6) Operating of school health organization; 2.3 4. Significances to self-confidence on school health nursing activities 1) Program planning & evaluation: home message (r=.228, p<.05) No. of clinic visitor (r=.220, p<.05) expending time for clinic management (r=.229, p<.05) religion (t: 2.5, p<.05) level of school (F=6.3, p<.005) 2) Clinic management: age of school health teacher (r=-.202, p<.05) school health experience (r=-.211, p<.05) salary step (r=.187, p<.05) expending time for clinic management (r=.315, p<0.1) marital status (t=3.97, p<.005) level of school (F=3,139, p<0.5) 3) Management of school environment: level of school (F=3.899, p<.05) expending time for clinic management (r=-,216, p<0.5) 4) Health care service: age of school health teacher (r=-.186, p<.05) marital status (t= 3.67, pH.005) 5) Health education: expending times for clinic management (r=-.252, p<05) level of school (F=5.343, p<.01) 6) Operating of health organization; age of school health teacher (r=-.258, p<.01)salary step (r=.188, p<.05) Based on the above results, the suggestions are as follows; 1. Need to raise ,appointment rate school health teacher. 2. Need to raise self-confidence on school health nursing activities through the inservice education or re-inforcement. 3. Need to secure adequate budget for school health. 4. Participation of school health teacher and support of school master for school health services are required. 5. Need for use the health clinic seperately, adequate facilities and free utilization by visitors.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.138-153
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• 2009

1. Objectives: Yeolda-Hanso tang (YH) has long been used as traditional herbal formula in Korea as various diseases. Now we modified Yeolda-Hanso tang (YH) for neurodegenerative diseases treatment and named New-Yeolda-Hanso tang (NYH). We investigated neuroprotective effects of NYH on NGF-differentiated PC12 cells cytotoxicity induced by $\beta$-Amyloid peptide (A$\beta$25-35) and evaluated the ability of NYH to prevent and treat for neurodegenerative diseases via autophagy enhancement. 2. Methods and Results: 1) Protective effect of NYH on PC12 cells cytotoxity induced by A$\beta$25-35. PC12 cells survival was measured by MTT and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. $20{\mu}M$ $\beta$-Amyloid peptide (A$\beta$25-35) induced cytotoxicity on NGF-differentiated PC12 cells. NYH attenuated the cytotoxic effects of A$\beta$25-35 in a dose-dependent manner. 2) Pharmacological induction of Autophagy by NYH in PC12 cells Autophagy induction and activation was measured by immunoblot assay. Marker of autophagy, LC3 II expression and the ratio of LC3-II/I was slightly increased in the protein treated with YH, and significantly augmented in the protein treated with NYH. NYH-induced increase of LC3-II protein level was inhibited by 3MA. 3) Induction of Autophagy by NYH on A$\beta$25-35-induced injury in PC12 cells In MTT assay, $100{\mu}g/ml$ re-treated NYH attenuated $20{\mu}M$ A$\beta$25-35-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells. Protection effect of NYH was blocked by autophagy inhibitor 3MA. In immunoblot assay, $1200{\mu}g/ml$ pre-treated NYH activated autophagy in $20{\mu}M$ A$\beta$25-35-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells. The observed effect was partially blocked by 3MA. 3. Conclusions: All the results indicated that NYH possesses neuroprotective potential partially mediated by autophagy enhancement and NYH may be considered to be a promising new herbal formula to prevent and treat for neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD).

• 에너지공학
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.251-258
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• 2016

연료전지는 전기를 발전하면서 동시에 열도 생산하며, 본 고는 이 두 가지를 함께 이용하는 가정용의 마이크로 연료전지-열병합발전(${\mu}FC$-CHP) 시스템에 관한 조사보고서이다. 열병합발전 시스템을 구성하는 몇 가지 방안 중에서 연료전지는 전기와 열 효율을 합쳐 90%가 넘는 가장 높은 에너지 효율을 갖는 시스템을 구현할 수 있어 유용성이 높다. 연료전지에는 크게 다섯 가지 종류가 있으며, 이 중 가정용 ${\mu}FC$-CHP로 적합한 것은 프로톤교환 막연료전지(PEMFC)와 고체산화물연료전지(SOFC)이다. ${\mu}FC$-CHP시스템은 독립전원으로서 송배전 손실을 줄일 수 있고 전기생산단가를 낮출 수 있으며, 오염물질을 배출하지 않는 친환경 기술이란 점 등의 장점이 많다. 단점은 초기 투자비용이 높다는 점인데, 기술의 발달로 제작 단가를 줄여 이를 해결해나가고 있다. 현재는 일본이 시장을 선점하고 있으나 우리나라도 100만대 보급 계획을 가지고 있고, 정부가 반 정도의 설치보조금을 제공하여 시장을 견인하고 있다. 본 고에서는 이와 함께 연료전지와 열병합발전을 연결하는 기술적 내용 및 각국의 동향을 기술한다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.20-24
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• 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Malnutrition has multiple impacts on surgical success, postoperative complications, duration of hospital stay, and costs, particularly for cancer patients. There are various nutrition risk screening tools available for clinical use. Herein, we aim to determine the most appropriate nutritional risk screening system for esophageal cancer (EC) patients in China. SUBJECTS/METHODS: In total, 138 EC patients were enrolled in this study and evaluated by experienced nurses using three different nutritional screening tools, the Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 tool (NRS2002), the Patient-generated Subjective Globe Assessment (PG-SGA), and the Nutrition Risk Index (NRI).We compared sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios, and Youden index generated by each of the three screening tools. Finally, cut-off points for all three tools were re-defined to optimize and validate the best nutritional risk screening tool for assessing EC patients. RESULTS: Our data suggested that all three screening tools were 100% sensitive for EC patients, while the specificities were 44.4%, 2.96%, and 59.26% for NRS 2002, PG-SGA, and NRI, respectively. NRI had a higher positive likelihood ratio as well as a higher area under the receiver operating characteristic curve compared to those of NRS 2002 and PG-SGA; although, all three tools had null negative likelihood ratios. After adjusting the cut-off points, the specificity and accuracy for all tools were significantly improved, however, the NRI remained the most appropriate nutritional risk screening system for EC patients. CONCLUSIONS: The NRI is the most suitable (highest sensitivity and accuracy) nutritional risk screening tool for EC patients. The performance of the NRI can be significantly improved if the cut-off point is modified according to the results obtained using MedCalc software.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.565-575
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to propose the appropriate sizes and dish combination for nutritional-balanced lunch boxes delivered to children under the government-funded meal service program in Korea. The study was based on the 3 : 1 : 2 Meal Box Magic, a nutrition education method developed in Japan. A total of 290 lunch menus, comprising of 10 day menus from 29 organizations having delivered lunch boxes to children during summer vacation of 2008, were analyzed and used as the base data for lunch box combination. Dishes of the menus were classified into 6 groups: Rice group, Protein side dish group (including meat, fish, egg, and bean dishes), Vegetable side dish group, Kimchi group (including kimchi and jangajji), Soup stew group, and the other group. Nutrient analysis was conducted for 100 ml of these dishes by CAN Pro 3.0 utilizing volume and weight conversion data used for analysis of the Korea Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and those from the Nutrient Composition of Food for Consumers. All the possible combinations of 5 dishes, comprising of 3 dishes from Rice group, Protein side dish group, and Kimchi group, respectively, and 2 dishes from Vegetable side dish group, were made using the frequently served dishes from the respective dish group. Nutrient analysis of each combination was conducted based on the assumption that a lunch box was 600 ml and filled up to 80% by dishes using the volume ratio of 3 : 1 : 1.5 : 0.5 for Rice group : Protein side dish group : Vegetable side dish group : Kimchi group. The mean and standard deviation of energy and nutrients of all combinations calculated by weighting the serving frequency of each dish selected for the combinations were $621\pm81$ kcal for Energy, $22.1\pm5.0$ g for Protein, $120\pm45$ mg for Calcium, $4.1\pm1.1$ mg for Iron, $201\pm130\;{\mu}g$ RE for Vitamin A, $0.34\pm0.10$ mg for Thiamin, $0.27\pm0.10$ mg for Riboflavin, and $24.3\pm9.6$ mg for Vitamin C. The energy percentages from Carbohydrate, Protein and Fat were 66%, 14% and 20%. The analysis results met the nutrition standard of lunch boxes for male elementary students in grades 4 through 6 under the government-funded meal service program regarding calories, nutrients except calcium and riboflavin, and macronutrient distribution ranges. Accordingly appropriate box sizes were suggested for different age and sex groups to meet the respective nutrition standards. In addition, milk or dairy products were suggested to accompany lunch boxes to supplement calcium and riboflavin intake. The method of selecting box sizes and making dish combination suggested in this study could be useful for the organizations preparing lunch boxes under the government-funded children's meal service program where nutrition professionals are not available.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.312-319
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• 1997

과학적 목적으로 탑재되는 자력계(magnetometer)는 지구 근접 우주환경을 관측하는데 있어서 필수적인 탑재 체이다. 우주환경의 직접적인 전자기적 변화는 자기장과 전기장의 측정으로 알 수 있다. 실제 관측에 있어서 전기장의 관측은 기술적으로 어렵지만 자기장은 비교적 관측이 용이하다. 따라서 자기장을 측정하는 자력계는 과학위성의 기본적인 탑재 체들의 하나로 인식되어왔다. 본 연구에서는 1998년 7월경에 발사 예정인 우리별 3호의 과학 탑재체인 fluxgate 자력계를 개발한 결과를 보고한다. 우리별 1, 2호에 탑재된 자력계는 단순히 위성의 자세 제어를 위해 제작되었으나, 우리별 3호에서는 자세 제어뿐만 아니라 우주과학 적인 측정을 위한 자력계가 탑재될 예정이다. 우리별 3호는 1998년 7월경에 발사 예정이며 고도는 720km, 궤도는 원형 태양 동기 궤도, 무게는 약 100kg, 전력은 최대 150W이다. 그리고 과학 탑재 체로는 우주복사영향 측정기(Radiation Effect Microelectronics), 고 에너지 입자 검출기 (High Energy Particle Telescope), 정밀 자력계(Scientific Magnetometer), 전자 온도 측정기(Electron Temperature Probe)가 있다. 우리별 3호에 탑재 예정인 정밀 자력계는 기본적으로 우리별 1, 2호에 탑재된 자력계의 회로를 추가 보정 하여 넓은 우주 공간에서 일어나는 자기장 변화 현상을 관측하기에 적절한 분해능인 5nT를 기준으로 개발하였다. 일본의 자력계 전문 회사인 Tierra Tecnica사에서 자력계의 보정(calibration)과 잡음 레벨 시험(noise level test)을 수행하였다.