• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.101-104
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• 1996

The influences of culture parameters on the decolorization of anthron-type dye, Remazol brilliant blue R(RBBR) by Pleurotus ostreatus were studied in defined media. In the decolorization, 1-10 mM nutrient nitrogen and 40 mM glucose were effective whereas agitation and Tween 80 were not suitable. The decolorization occurred and the activity of extracellular peroxidase was detected during the stationary phase.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.14-22
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• 2004

The effect of cadmium ions on ligninolytic and decolourizing activities in cultures of two white-rot fungi, Cerrena unicolor and Trametes versicolor, were examined. Cadmium was added to the shallow stationary cultures growing on a liquid mineral medium. Both examined strains sorbed Cd ions in the first 24 hr of incubation. An appreciable stimulation of the activity of extracellular laccase (LAC) and inhibition of the extracellular manganese-dependent peroxidase (MnP) were simultaneously observed when 25 mgL^-1 and 50 mgL^-1 of cadmium ions were added to the cultures. On the other hand, the addition of cadmium ions also resulted in stimulating the decolorization activity of C. unicolor to decolorize Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) in the cultures, but decreasing it in the culture of T. versicolor, which is compared to the inhibition of MnP activity in this fungus. Our data indicate that the presence of Cd(II) ions can affect the ligninolytic activity of white-rot fungi. It was found that C. unicolor is a strain resistant to the presence of Cd ions in the liquid culture media, and has a potential to use this strain for bioremediation of sites contaminated with both heavy metals and aromatic pollutants.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.46-53
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• 2006

This study was to screen white-rot fungi possesing strong lignin degrading enzymes, glucose-1 oxidase (GOD), laccase (LAC) and Mn-peroxidase (MnP), based on their decolorization activity of Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR). In the midst of 20 tested fungi, 9 isolates were shown 4 kinds of activities such as RBBR decolorization, GOD, LAC and MnP. Relatively high active strains were identified as Phlebia radiata, Trametes versicolor, Abortiporus biennis, Gleophyllum odoratum and Cerrena unicolor. In particular, T. versicolor, G. odoratum, and C. unicolor, which have high activities of LAC, were used to confirm the optimal temperature and pH and to evaluate the effect of inducer, 2,5-xylidine on their LAC activity. The optimum temperatures for mycelial growth were $28^{\circ}C$ for T. versicolor and G. odoratum, and $25^{\circ}C$ for C. unicolor. The optimum pH for mycelial growth was 5.5. Three strains showed the increase of LAC enzyme activity by the addition of 2,5-xylidine. T. versicolor had the highest LAC activity of $22,700nkat/{\ell}$, corresponding to 11.3 times, G. odoratum $15,400nkat/{\ell}$, 9 times and C. unicolor $17,330nkat/{\ell}$, 5.5 times higher than those of the control.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.72-79
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• 1999

The ability of several wood rotting fungi for decolorization of two anthracene derivatives, Carminic acid (CA) and Remazol brilliant blue R (RBBR), and hardwood KP bleaching liquor (BL) as well as laccase activities in these fungi were studied. The enzyme activity appeared exclusively in fungi destaining RBBR and CA, but in the case of BL, such relationship was not observed. The laccase enzyme was released into the decolorization media and its inducible (but not constitutive) forms shown destaining activity. The purified inducible forms of Kuehneromyces mutabilis and Pleurotus ostreatus laccase destained CA. Thus the possible differentiation between specificity of particular LAC forms was confirmed. In addition the nitrogen starvation induced both laccase and CA destaining activities, but the increase was higher for decolorization of CA than LAC activity. Probably LAC would be only partly responsible for decolorization of this dye. This results suggested that purified LACs decolorize CA, however its destaining activities were considerably lower than the activities on syringaldazine.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.79-82
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• 2017

An inky cap, Coprinus comatus synthesizes and secretes a laccase in the liquid yeast extract peptone dextrose medium. We have successfully purified the enzyme through the ion-exchange chromatography and the preparative gel electrophoresis. The estimated molecular weight was 67 kDa by the SDS-PAGE analysis. Optimum pH was pH 4.3 and optimum temperature was $25^{\circ}C$. The Km value was 0.45 mM and the Vmax was 0.0132 OD/min/unit for o-tolidine. Purified laccase showed 49.3% decolorizing activity against remazol brilliant blue R (RBBR) and 41.6% decolorizing activity against Poly R-478 after 12 h incubation.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.225-227
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• 2012

Lignin degrading enzymes from white rot fungi show broad substrate specificities, and therefore they can degrade variety of recalcitrant compounds. We have used three different protocols for the generation of immobilized laccase and manganese peroxidase crude enzymes from the genetically transformed strains of Merulius tremellosus Fr. These immobilized enzymes were used in the decolorization of Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR), and they showed about 75% decolorization rates during the 48 h reactions. Although the decolorization efficiency decreased by 10-15% after a repeated use of the immobilized enzymes, these can be reused in various degrading reactions.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.93-95
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• 2010

White rot fungi which have lignin degrading enzymes show high degrading activity to diverse recalcitrant compounds such as polycyclic aromatic compounds, dyes, explosives and endocrine disrupting chemicals. We have examined decolorizing activity of dyes by Phlebia tremellosa and two transformants which had genetically transformed using laccase or manganese peroxidase (MnP) gene. In case of methyl green, wild type strain showed 50% decolorization while laccase transformant (TF2-1) and MnP transformant (T5) showed more than 90% decolorization on day 3. Remazol brilliant blue R(RBBR) was decolorized up to 85% by two transformants while the wild type showed 67% decolorization on day 3. Transformants TF2-1 and T5 both showed increased laccase and MnP activity respectively during the whole growing phase.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.37-41
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• 2004

The textile industry wastewater has been decolorized efficiently by the white rot fungus, Irpex lacteus, without adding any chemicals. The degree of the decolorization of the dye effluent by shaking or stationary cultures is 59 and 93%, respectively, on the 8th day. The higher level of manganese-dependent peroxidase (MnP) and non-specific peroxidase (NsP) was detected in stationary cultures than in the cultures shaken. Laccase activities were equivalent in both cultures and its level was not affected significantly by the culture duration. Neither lignin peroxidase (LiP) nor Remazol Brilliant Blue R oxidase (RBBR ox) was detected in both cultures. The absorbance of the dye effluent was significantly decreased by the stationary culture filtrate of 7 days in the absence of Mn (II) and veratryl alcohol. In the stationary culture filtrate, three or more additional peroxidase bands were detected by the zymogram analysis.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.211-216
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• 2006

The present research was undertaken to investigate the activities of ligninolytic enzymes and dye-decolorization capabilities of white-rotting fungi Coriolus hirsutus LD-1. The isolated white-rotting fungi (Coriolus hirsutus LD-1) produced laccase (16,388.9 U/L) and manganese-dependent peroxidase (19.81 U/L) but it did not produce lignin peroxidase. When the isolated fungi was incubated with the treatment of dyes for 8 days, the rates of decolorization of remazol brilliant blue R and bromophenol blue were 70.2% and 98%, respectively. The activity for manganese-dependent peroxidase was low, whereas that for laccase was very high. Moreover, the laccase was more effective to decolor when compared to manganese-dependent peroxidase. The results suggested that laccase of Coriolus hirsutus LD-1 might be playing an important role in the decolorization of the dyes.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.19-32
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• 2013

In this study, outstanding white rot fungi for biodegradation of organosolv lignin were selected on the basis of their ligninolytic enzyme system. Fifteen white rot fungi were evaluated for their ability to decolorize Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) in SSC and MEB medium, respectively. Six white rot fungi (Ceriporiopsis subvermispora, Ceriporia lacerate, Fomitopsis insularis, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Polyporus brumalis, and Stereum hirsutum) decolorized RBBR rapidly in SSC medium within 3 days. The protein contents as well as the activities of manganese peroxidase (MnP) and laccase for 6 selected fungi were determined on the SSC medium with and without organosolv lignin. Interestingly, extracellular protein concentrations were determined to relative higher for S. hirsutum and P. chrysosporium in the presence of organosolv lignin than others. On the other hands, each fungus showed a different ligninolytic enzyme pattern. Among them, F. insularis resulted the highest ligninolytic enzyme activities on incubation day 6, indicating of 1,545 U/mg of MnP activity and 1,259 U/mg of laccase activity. In conclusion, $STH^*$ and FOI were considered as outstanding fungi for biodegradation of organosolv lignin, because $STH^*$ showed high extracellular protein contents and ligninolytic enzyme activities over all, and ligninolytic enzyme activities of FOI were the highest among white rot fungi used in this study.